The correlation of chondrule texture and magnesium isotope abundance in Allende meteorite

The Mg isotope abundance of the individual chondrules in the Allende meteorite was measured by ion microprobe mass analysis. The amounts of ^Mg excess with respect to the terrestrial fractionation line were obtained for each chondrule. Barred olivine and glassy chondrules tend to have relatively large ^Mg excess, whereas porphyritic and radial pyroxene chondrules have relatively small ^Mg excess. The following three factors were taken into consideration in connection with the formation process of these chondrules in the Allende meteorite; (1) the temperature conditions at the formation of the chondrules, (2) the relative abundance of each chondrule type, (3) the amount of ^Mg excess in each chondrule type. It is shown that chondrules formed at high temperature or by rapid cooling have relatively large ^Mg excess and their relative abundance is small, whereas chondrules formed at low temperature or by slow cooling tend to have small ^Mg excess and their relative abundance is large. A model of chondrule formation process in the early solar nebula is proposed to explain the relations between factors (1)-(3)

High-J rotational lines of 13C isotopologues ofHCO+ measured by using Evenson-type tunable fir spectrometer

Frequencies of high-J rotational lines of HCO$^+$ and its isotopologues have been measured precisely by using an Evenson-type spectrometer in Toyama. The tunable far-infrared spectrometer (TuFIR in short) is based on synthesizing terahertz radiation from two mid-infrared CO$_2$ laser lines and one microwave source. Study of the isotopologues containing H or D, $^{12}$C, and $^{16}$O were reported last year. In the present work, isotopologues of H or D, $^{13}$C, and $^{16}$O have been studied. The HCO$^+$ ions are produced by discharging a $^{13}$CO, H$_2$ (or D$_2$), and Ar mixture in an extended negative glow discharge cell cooled with liquid nitrogen. Because the low-J rotational lines have been investigated by other groups, our present study was focussed mainly to the measurements of higher-J rotational lines. Currently we have observed the lines J + 1 $leftarrow$ J(J=11, 13-21) for H$^{13}$CO$^+$, and J + 1 $leftarrow$ J (J=13-18, 20-22, 24-25) for D$^{13}$CO$^+$. Molecular contstants for these isotopologues (B, D, H, L) have been modified. From the analysis of the intensity of each rotational line, we estimate the rotational temperature to be as low as 140K. This low temperature makes it difficult to measure yet higher-J lines. Measurement of other isotopogues such as those containing oxygen isotopes is now in preparation

Professional Identity Establishment Process of the Nurse Manager

看護管理者（看護師長）の職業的アイデンティティ確立プロセスを明らかにするため，A県内の病院の看護師長１１名を対象に，インタビューを行い，舟島の「看護概念創出法」に沿って分析した．結果，職業的アイデンティティを確立する１２の概念が創出され，アイデンティティ確立プロセスを明らかにすることができた． 看護管理者の職業的アイデンティティ確立プロセスは以下のとおりである． 昇任の辞令を突然受けた者は，【役割移行への戸惑いによる受諾前の葛藤】を経験しながらも受諾し，当初は【師長イメージと現実との違いを経験することによる予想外の孤独と役割変化への戸惑いや実践から離れる一抹のさみしさ】を感じていた．その後，１年の間に【前任者の管理方法の回想からの学びや師長イメージと実際の差異を発見することによる師長役割の理解】をし，【クレーム対応を経験することによる最終責任者としての自覚の萌芽】や，【他者からのアドバイスやサポートを受けることによる師長役割を果たす行動】【看護管理者研修からの学びによる師長役割の再認識】【自己の看護観に基づいたケアが実践できるスタッフを育成することによる師長としてのやりがいと役割実践】【時代の要請による業務変化に対応することで新たな役割への気づき】【自己の看護観を基盤に管理する上での失敗や成功を内省し続けることによる自己成長】を経験していた．その後，１～２年間に，【スタッフとの信頼関係を構築し，やりたい看護，作りたい病棟づくりができたことによるやりがいの感受】や【日々の積み重ねによる自信と他者からの承認による役割取得の実感】を経験し，職業的アイデンティティを確立していた．To determine the process of achieving the occupational identity of head nurses, eleven head nurses in the hospitals of A Prefecture were interviewed. Collected data were analyzed in accordance with Funashima’s the method of creating nursing concepts. As a result, twelve concepts were revealed that could shed light on the process of building the professional identities of nurse managers. Those who had suddenly been notified of their promotion, 【While experiencing confusion about their new role】, accepted it and at the beginning, 【Felt the disorientation and disillusion in their new role, as well as isolation and a touch of loneliness from being apart from practice】. During the following year, 【They understood their role by learning the administrative methods from their predecessors’ recollections and by discovering the difference between the illusion and reality of their role】, 【By dealing with complaints, they came to the realization of being the sole person responsible】, 【Others’ advice and support led to their fulfilling their role】, 【The training session for nursing administrators led to the re-appreciation of their roles】, 【The nurturing of their staff that implemented the care based on their nursing views enabled them to see the value of their role and the practice of that role】, 【The occupational changes to respond to the needs of the changing times made them realize their new role】, 【By continuous reflection on the successes and failures on their job based on their nursing views led to further growth】. Within one to two years thereafter, 【They had achieved their occupational identity by having experienced the feeling of fulfillment after building a relationship of trust with their staff, as well as implementing their desired nursing and ward building】, 【With the daily growth of confidence and approval from others that added to the realization of her role】, they achieved their occupational identity

Vasopressin-independent renal urinary concentration: Increased rBSC1 and enhanced countercurrent multiplication

Vasopressin-independent renal urinary concentration: Increased rBSC1 and enhanced countercurrent multiplication.BackgroundA close association between the expression of the sodium transporter, rat bumetanide sensitive cotransporter (rBSC), in thick ascending limb of Henle and urinary concentration has been reported. However, direct evidence for this association and the mechanism of rBSC1 expression are still to be elucidated.MethodsBrattleboro (BB) rats weighing approximately 200g were dehydrated by water restriction for 4 hours, which induced around a 5% body weight reduction. Although plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) was undetectable even after the water restriction, BB rats concentrated urine from 182 ± 23 (mean ± SD) at baseline to 404 ± 65 mOsm/kg · H2O.ResultsUrinary volume was reduced from 5.8 ± 1.8 to 1.4 ± 0.6mL/h. This treatment significantly increased sodium and urea accumulation in the renal medulla and reduced urinary sodium excretion. rBSC1 signals for both mRNA and protein were increased in dehydrated rats, although aquaporin type 2 (AQP2) expression was not enhanced in dehydrated BB rats. Subcutaneous infusion of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) intensified rBSC1 signals of BB rats more than those in dehydrated condition.ConclusionDehydration increased rBSC1 expression and enhanced countercurrent multiplication even in AVP deficiency. These results supply strong evidence for the association between rBSC1 expression and urinary concentration, and indicate the presence of an AVP-independent mechanism for urine concentration

Rad54B serves as a scaffold in the DNA damage response that limits checkpoint strength

The strength of the DNA damage checkpoint critically influences cell fate, yet the mechanisms behind the fine tuning of checkpoint strength during the DNA damage response (DDR) are poorly understood. Here we show that ​Rad54B—a SNF2 helicase-like DNA-repair protein—limits the strength of both the G1/S and G2/M checkpoints. We find that ​Rad54B functions as a scaffold for ​p53 degradation via its direct interaction with the ​MDM2–​MDMX ubiquitin–ligase complex. During the early phases of the DDR, ​Rad54B is upregulated, thereby maintaining low checkpoint strength and facilitating cell cycle progression. Once the ​p53-mediated checkpoint is established, ​Rad54B is downregulated, and high checkpoint strength is maintained. Constitutive upregulation of ​Rad54B activity, which is frequently observed in tumours, promotes genomic instability because of checkpoint override. Thus, the scaffolding function of ​Rad54B dynamically regulates the maintenance of genome integrity by limiting checkpoint strength.UTokyo Research掲載「がん発生の基盤となる仕組みを探る」 URI: http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/utokyo-research/research-news/discovery-of-a-basic-mechanism-of-cancer-development/UTokyo Research "Discovery of a basic mechanism of cancer development" URI: http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/utokyo-research/research-news/discovery-of-a-basic-mechanism-of-cancer-development

Sensory processing sensitivity and culturally modified resilience education: Differential susceptibility in Japanese adolescents

This study investigated the efficacy of a culturally modified resilience education program on Japanese adolescents’ well-being from a differential susceptibility perspective. First, a culturally modified resilience education intervention was developed by employing the SPARK resilience program and implemented with 407 Japanese high school students in Tokyo (age = 15–16, M = 192, F = 215). To test intervention efficacy, students’ level of resilience, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and depression were measured pre-, post-, and three months after intervention. Additionally, sensory processing sensitivity, using the Japanese version of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale for Adolescence, was measured as an index of individual sensitivity. Analysis of variance was used to examine the baseline differences and interaction effects of students’ gender and level of sensory processing sensitivity. Latent growth curve models were used to assess the overall effects of the intervention and change over time. Results indicated that the intervention was effective in enhancing students’ overall self-efficacy; and that highly sensitive students, who scored significantly lower in well-being than their counterparts at baseline, responded more positively to the intervention, and had a greater reduction in depression and promotion of self-esteem. These findings provided unique evidence in line with the differential susceptibility perspective and useful implications to develop personalized treatment interventions for adolescents in different cultural contexts