Coping with complexity in emerging markets

With low growth driving European and American businesses to faster-growing economies, how do these foreign companies handle the complex challenges they face in emerging markets

Towards a New Agenda for the Study of Business Internationalization: Integrating Markets, Institutions and Politics

Business is becoming increasingly international. At the same time, governments are intervening more in the conduct of business. A further development is the growing significance of emerging economies, many of which have a tradition of active government involvement with business. Taken together, these trends make it imperative to understand the relationships between firms and their institutional contexts. Conventional theories adopt an over-rationalized view of these relationships international business. Their apolitical perspective misses the fact that in order to build and maintain international operations, firms need to develop political relations with governments and institutions in home countries and abroad. The aim of this lecture is to develop an alternative perspective with particular reference to the internationalization of firms, large and small. This considers how multinationals gain international positions through bargaining power with foreign governments. By contrast, SMEs face liabilities in dealing with foreign governments and instead often have to achieve internationalization through networking with other SMEs, with domestic communities and support agencies via various forms of social innovation. The lecture concludes that political and social innovation perspectives open new research avenues in the field of international business

O Cuidado como Realidade Cultural que Emerge na Família

Cuidar é uma atitude de amor e interesse por outra pessoa. Cuidar de alguém é igualmente apreciado como um atributo positivo − um timbre de comportamento maduro e civilizado. A capacidade de uma sociedade cuidar dos seus membros menos bem-aventurados é a marca do seu desenvolvimento (Brotchie e Hills, 1991)

Co-evolution of industry strategies and government policies: The case of the brazilian automotive industry

This study examines the evolution of the automotive industry in Brazil and its key drivers. We argue that the rules of the game – industry policies – are an outcome of exchanges between the host government and industry. These arise from changes in economic and political environments and interdependence between industry and the country’s economy. To this end, we draw upon literature on institutions and co-evolution to understand the industry footprint over a 50-year period, as well as its relationship with changes in government policies. This study generates new insights on institutional and co-evolution political perspectives by showing that the rules of the game are not only the making of the government, but are also the result of interdependencies between industry and government

Família enquanto entidade cuidadora…

Hoje a família é uma realidade já reconhecida e consagrada pela União Europeia nas suas vertentes humana, económica e social. A família, a economia e a organização social não são realidades que se ignorem umas às outras ou sejam totalmente independentes umas das outras. Pelo contrário, são realidades que interagem e compete aos Estados-Membros assegurar a protecção jurídica, económica e social da família, (Presidente do Comité Económico e Social Europeu, 2007)

Understanding the Environments of Emerging Markets: The Social Costs of Institutional Voids

During the past decade, emerging markets have had extraordinarily high growth rates compared to developed countries. Many agree that a distinctive characteristic of emerging markets is their rhythm of growth. Over the past thirty years, emerging markets have been encouraged to shape their institu tions to foster the development of business, both domestic and international, under the assumption that the efficient functioning of markets is core to economic growth. Although emerging markets have achieved fast growth rates in the past, and are expected to do so in years to come, there is evidence that they still lag behind developed countries in several key areas, such as human development, institu - tional competence, transparency levels and other social features. I argue that insti - tu tio nal weakness is one of the main reasons for this disappointing performance. The view that markets provide superior mechanisms to incentivise econo mic activity has dominated academic perspectives on economic growth. A major challenge for a perspective whose goals are centred primarily on economic growth is that it tends to ignore the potential benefits of institutions in shaping other features of society which are core to a more comprehensive view of growth, i.e. one that takes into account its sustainability. In this lecture, I define institu - tional voids as gaps between rules and their purpose and the effecti veness of their implementation. Though institutional voids can be positive to business in many respects, by creating opportunities for new business and entrepreneurship, it is also important to consider that voids emerge when economic growth advances faster than social and institutional structures. Hence, voids can also generate unwanted consequences for society, such as the over-exploitation of human and natural resources. In this lecture, I will consider two types of voids: structural and contingent. Structural voids relate to the distance between rules as they are in the book and the institutional capacity for their enforcement. Contingent voids arise from a combination of factors unique to given environments such as the social and economic contexts in which they are embedded, i.e. pressures for growth. I will discuss some examples of structural and contingent voids mainly in the Brazilian context and propose a model to analyse how they emerge, in order to indicate how institutions can address the issue of voids. I suggest that emerging markets can only make the leap forward to a stage of sustainable growth if attention is focused on institution building and effectiveness, through a design that considers intra- and inter-institutional coordination together with strategies aimed at achieving embeddedness in both practice and behaviour. I now want to share with you some ideas about economic development, the institutional environments in emerging markets and the costs of growth

A dinâmica de funcionamento do sistema de saúde do município de Macapá para otimização do atendimento às urgências e emergências: a visão do usuário

TCC(especialização) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. Linhas de Cuidado em Urgência e EmergênciaA cultura da população no que se refere ao conhecimento sobre o processo doença é sofrível. As buscas de recursos imediatista, associados ao comodismo tornam os prontos atendimentos uma sucursal de sofrimento, tanto para quem procura quanto para quem atende. Objetivou-se analisar a visão dos usuários sobre resolutividade da assistência de saúde na otimização do atendimento de urgência e emergência na cidade de Macapá. Trata-se de uma pesquisa tipo pesquisa exploratória-descritiva, de abordagem quantiqualitativa. Será utilizada a tecnologia interpretativas de situações de clientes. Espera-se que uma pesquisa sobre a avaliação e a qualidade da atenção primária à saúde pode oferecer indícios sobre os benefícios ou dificuldades dos serviços de saúde em atingir as expectativas e necessidades dos usuários, constituindo-se como um importante instrument para investigar, administrar e planejar o trabalho nos serviços de saúde, contribuindo para a organização da assistência mais adequada às demandas dos usuários, independente do nível de atenção. A visão do usuário sobre determinado serviço é particular, pois se desconhecem os critérios que ele utiliza para definir a qualidade do serviço. Também é difícil identificar o que significa para ele um serviço ser capaz de resolver seu problema de saúde, assim poderemos obter indícios sobre o que ele deseja para sua saúde