Pesquisa e implementação de programas de educação ambiental em ONGs: o caso do IPÊ - Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas

As Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs) vêm adotando caminhos inovadores e ousados no campo da educação ambiental. Este trabalho analisa algumas razões desse processo e descreve o exemplo de uma ONG brasileira, o IPÊ - Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, que desde a sua fundação tem na educação um de seus principais pilares. A evolução da educação ambiental dentro da própria instituição é também analisada, assim como as metodologias desenvolvidas.Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have been adopting daring venues in the field of environmental education. This paper analyzes some reasons why this process occurs, and describes the example of a Brazilian NGO, IPÊ - Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (Institute for Ecological Research), which, since its foundation, has environmental education as one of its main pillars. The evolution of environmental education within the institution itself is also analyzed, as are the methodologies developed

Scientists warning on the ecological effects of radioactive leaks on ecosystems

A nuclear leakage or tactical nuclear weapon use in a limited war could cause immense and long-lasting ecological consequences beyond the direct site of exposure. We call upon all scientists to communicate the importance of the environmental impacts of such an event to all life forms on Earth, including humankind. Changes to ecosystem structure and functioning and species extinctions would alter the biosphere for an unknown time frame. Radiation could trigger cascade effects in marine, atmospheric and terrestrial ecosystems of a magnitude far beyond human capabilities for mitigation or adaptation. Even a “tactical nuclear war” could alter planet Earth’s living boundaries, ending the current Anthropocene era

Pesquisa e Implementação de Programas de Educação Ambiental em ONGs: o Caso do IPÊ - Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas

As Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs) vêm adotandocaminhos inovadores e ousados no campo da educação ambiental. Estetrabalho analisa algumas razões desse processo e descreve o exemplo deuma ONG brasileira, o IPÊ – Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, quedesde a sua fundação tem na educação um de seus principais pilares. Aevolução da educação ambiental dentro da própria instituição é tambémanalisada, assim como as metodologias desenvolvidas

Multifocal intradural extramedullary ependymoma Case report

In this paper, the authors present the case of a patient with multifocal intradural extramedullary ependymoma and they review 18 previously reported casesA 32-year old man presented to the authors institution with a 1 month history of partial medullary syndrome Magnetic resonance imaging of the neuraxis revealed multifocal intradural extramedullary lesions at the bulbomedullary Junction and C2-3, T5-11, L-2 L 4, L-5, and sacrum Histological examination revealed a WHO Grade II ependymomaThe literature survey yielded 18 cases of ependymoma at the same location, none of them were multifocal at presentation the authors analyzed the epidemiological clinical and surgical features of all 19 cases reported to date including the present casePatients' ages ranged from 24 to 69 years, 15 patients were women and 4 were men the time elapsed from symptom onset to diagnosis ranged from 1 month to 8 years Pain (In 13 patients) and medullary syndrome (In 12) were reported as the initial symptoms (information was not provided for 1 patient) Tumors were predominantly located in the thoracic spine (11) but they also occurred in the cervicothoracic (3), cervical (2), and lumbar (2) spine the remaining tumor was multifocal Solitary extramedullary tumors were found intraoperatively in 13 patients, 3 were described as exophytic and 3 as extramedullary with some degree of medullary invasion Histological examination revealed 9 WHO Grade II tumors 4 Grade III tumors and 1 myxopapillary tumor Data obtained for the remaining cases proved inconclusive the clinical condition improved in 11 patients, remained stable in 2, and worsened (recurrence or progression) in 6 of the 4 patients with Grade II tumors who presented with recurrence or neuraxis spreading, 3 had meningeal infiltration or adhesion to the pia mater, which does not rule out the possibility of neoplastic remnants in that areaIntradural extramedullary ependymomas are rare they predominate in women in the 5th decade of life and pain is the most frequent initial symptom the extent of resection and the presence of meningeal infiltration seem to be key determinants of prognosis the present case is the first intradural extramedullary ependymoma (with the exception of those occurring at the conus medullaris and terminal filum) with multiple lesions at presentation (DOI 10 3171/2010 9 SPINE09963)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Radiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Radiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc