Obliquity of an Earth-like planet from frequency modulation of its direct imaged lightcurve: mock analysis from general circulation model simulation

Direct-imaging techniques of exoplanets have made significant progress recently, and will eventually enable to monitor photometric and spectroscopic signals of earth-like habitable planets in the future. The presence of clouds, however, would remain as one of the most uncertain components in deciphering such direct-imaged signals of planets. We attempt to examine how the planetary obliquity produce different cloud patterns by performing a series of GCM (General Circulation Model) simulation runs using a set of parameters relevant for our Earth. Then we use the simulated photometric lightcurves to compute their frequency modulation due to the planetary spin-orbit coupling over an entire orbital period, and attempt to see to what extent one can estimate the obliquity of an Earth-twin. We find that it is possible to estimate the obliquity of an Earth-twin within the uncertainty of several degrees with a dedicated 4 m space telescope at 10 pc away from the system if the stellar flux is completely blocked. While our conclusion is based on several idealized assumptions, a frequency modulation of a directly-imaged earth-like planet offers a unique methodology to determine its obliquity.Comment: 29 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

OMI-VT stormに対するカテーテルアブレーション

A ６８-year-old woman with VT storm and frequent appropriate ICD therapy was referred for catheter ablation. Her past history was notable for aortic valve replacement by mechanical valve due to infectious endocarditis １７ years prior to presentation and left ventricular apical old myocardial infarction with unknown onset. At ６７ years old, She admitted to the prior hospital due to ventricular tachycardia with LBBB and superior axis at heart rate of ２１０ per minutes. Administration of amiodarone and magnesium sulfate was ineffective and cardioversion of ２００J was successfully terminated the tachycardia. Intra-cardiac defibrillator was implanted and the administration of amiodarone and mexiletine was started. ５ months after, she admitted to the hospital due to the frequent appropriate shock against the same ventricular tachycardia. Administration of lidocaine, sotalol, pilsicainide, and magnesium sulfate could not control the tachycardia and she was referred to our hospital for catheter ablation. During the first session, ventricular tachycardia was easily induced and electroanatomical mapping was performed both during tachycardia and during sinus rhythm. Late diastolic potential preceding the onset of QRS wave by ４５ms was detected at the infero-septal side of the apical aneurysm. ７．５s of the RF energy application at this site could terminate the tachycardia and thereafter no ventricular tachycardia was induced. But after dose-reduction or cessation of some anti-arrhythmic drugs, ventricular tachycardia was recurred and second session was performed. This time, no ventricular tachycardia was induced, then we performed isthmus transection and core isolation against the apical aneurysm. Thereafter no ventricular tachycardia was occurred in spite of dose-reduction or cessation of some anti-arrhythmic drugs

Synthesis of submicron-sized NiPS3 particles and electrochemical properties as active materials in all-solid-state lithium batteries

Submicron-sized NiPS3 particles were synthesized by heating fine Ni powder ( Li4P2S6 + 2Ni), and this irreversible reaction would reduce the capacity of the cathode. The XANES spectra suggested the oxidation/reduction of Ni during discharge-charge cycles, but the change in the spectra during the cycles was considerably small if one assumed the oxidation/reduction of Ni2+/Ni-0. (C) 2018 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved

Utility of Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Assessment of Foot Perfusion in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia

(1) Background: Although the ankle–brachial index (ABI) and skin perfusion pressure (SPP) are commonly used to evaluate the peripheral circulation in critical limb ischemia (CLI), they often cannot be performed on sore areas. We investigated the utility of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) for assessing foot perfusion in CLI patients. (2) Methods: We measured the SMI-based vascular index (SMI-VI) at six sites in the foot before and after endovascular treatment (EVT) in 50 patients with CLI who underwent EVT of the superficial femoral artery and compared the results with SPP values and the ABI. (3) Results: SMI visualized foot perfusion in all subjects in accordance with the angiosome, including the toe areas, while the ABI was unmeasurable in three patients on hemodialysis and SPP failed in four patients. SMI-VI values were significantly lower in the CLI group than in controls, and the plantar SMI-VI had the highest diagnostic performance for CLI (sensitivity 88.6%, specificity 95.6%). After EVT, the increase in the SMI-VI was positively correlated with the increase in SPP but not that in the ABI, implying that the SMI-VI reflects foot microcirculation. (4) Conclusions: SMI enables the visualization and quantification of foot microcirculation based on the angiosome. SMI has high utility as a tool for assessing foot perfusion in CLI

Synthesis of Diazatricyclic Common Structure of Madangamine Alkaloids

A general synthetic route toward a diazatricyclic core common to the madangamine family is described. Ring-closing metathesis and palladium-catalyzed cycloisomerization provided the <i>cis</i>-fused diazadecalin structure, accompanied by formation of the <i>N</i>-Boc-enamine, which was utilized as an <i>N</i>-acyliminium ion equivalent. Direct cyclization from the <i>N</i>-Boc-enamine was achieved through the in situ formation of an <i>N</i>,<i>O</i>-acetal