266 research outputs found
On the oxide formation on stainless steels AISI 304 and incoloy 800H investigated with XPS
The influence of cold work on the initially formed oxide layer on the stainless steels AISI 304 and Incology 800H has been studied by XPS. Oxidations were performed at pressures of 10-6-10-4 Pa and temperatures of 300–800 K. All samples showed a similar oxidation behaviour. The oxidation rates of iron and chromium are of the same order of magnitude at temperatures below 650 K. Subsequent oxidation results in an iron oxide on top of a chromium oxide layer. At temperatures above 650 K the metal surface becomes enriched in chromium, which is preferentially oxidized at these temperatures and pressures. Even prolonged oxidation does not result in an iron-rich oxide surface. Nickel has never been found in its oxidized form. The binding energy of oxygen, in the various oxide layers, is independent of the extent of oxidation and is 530.6 eV
Renormalization of thermal conductivity of disordered d-wave superconductors by impurity-induced local moments
The low-temperature thermal conductivity \kappa_0/T of d-wave superconductors
is generally thought to attain a "universal" value independent of disorder at
sufficiently low temperatures, providing an important measure of the magnitude
of the gap slope near its nodes. We discuss situations in which this inference
can break down because of competing order, and quasiparticle localization.
Specifically, we study an inhomogeneous BCS mean field model with electronic
correlations included via a Hartree approximation for the Hubbard interaction,
and show that the suppression of \kappa_0/T by localization effects can be
strongly enhanced by magnetic moment formation around potential scatterers.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, submitted to M2S-HTSC VIII, Dresden 200
The economic geography of offshore incorporation in tax havens and offshore financial centres: the case of Chinese MNEs
A large share of the outward foreign direct investment (FDI) of emerging market MNEs is directed towards a small number of specific tax havens and offshore financial centres. The establishment of investment-holding companies for taxation related purposes is frequently adduced as a key motivation (‘round-tripping’) for these investments. This explanation, however, accounts for neither the concentration of such investments in specific havens nor the comparatively large national shares of such investments that originate from emerging markets. Here we draw from and build links between the geography of money and finance and international business literatures to conceptually and empirically explore this prominent, if somewhat disregarded, feature of global FDI flows
Exact operator solution of the Calogero-Sutherland model
The wave functions of the Calogero-Sutherland model are known to be
expressible in terms of Jack polynomials. A formula which allows to obtain the
wave functions of the excited states by acting with a string of creation
operators on the wave function of the ground state is presented and derived.
The creation operators that enter in this formula of Rodrigues-type for the
Jack polynomials involve Dunkl operators.Comment: 35 pages, LaTeX2e with amslate
Correlations for the Dyson Brownian motion model with Poisson initial conditions
The circular Dyson Brownian motion model refers to the stochastic dynamics of
the log-gas on a circle. It also specifies the eigenvalues of certain
parameter-dependent ensembles of unitary random matrices. This model is
considered with the initial condition that the particles are non-interacting
(Poisson statistics). Jack polynomial theory is used to derive a simple exact
expression for the density-density correlation with the position of one
particle specified in the initial state, and the position of one particle
specified at time , valid for all .
The same correlation with two particles specified in the initial state is
also derived exactly, and some special cases of the theoretical correlations
are illustrated by comparison with the empirical correlations calculated from
the eigenvalues of certain parameter-dependent Gaussian random matrices.
Application to fluctuation formulas for time displaced linear statistics in
made.Comment: 17 pgs., 2 postscript fig
A generalized plasma and interpolation between classical random matrix ensembles
The eigenvalue probability density functions of the classical random matrix
ensembles have a well known analogy with the one component log-gas at the
special couplings \beta = 1,2 and 4. It has been known for some time that there
is an exactly solvable two-component log-potential plasma which interpolates
between the \beta =1 and 4 circular ensemble, and an exactly solvable
two-component generalized plasma which interpolates between \beta = 2 and 4
circular ensemble. We extend known exact results relating to the latter --- for
the free energy and one and two-point correlations --- by giving the general
(k_1+k_2)-point correlation function in a Pfaffian form. Crucial to our working
is an identity which expresses the Vandermonde determinant in terms of a
Pfaffian. The exact evaluation of the general correlation is used to exhibit a
perfect screening sum rule.Comment: 21 page
Disappearance of Spontaneous Echographic Contrast after Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty: An Indicator of Sustained Hemodynamic Improvement
In three patients undergoing mitral balloon valvuloplasty for mitral stenosis transesophageal echocardiography was performed before, immediately after, and 6 months after the procedure. In the one patient with persistent hemodynamically favorable result, the spontaneous echocardiographic contrast, which was seen in all three preoperatively, did not recur; in the other two patients the phenomenon was observed again after 6 months. We conclude that the disappearance of spontaneous echocardiographic contrast might be a functional morphological measure of sustained hemodynamic improvement after balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Copyrigh
Finite one dimensional impenetrable Bose systems: Occupation numbers
Bosons in the form of ultra cold alkali atoms can be confined to a one
dimensional (1d) domain by the use of harmonic traps. This motivates the study
of the ground state occupations of effective single particle states
, in the theoretical 1d impenetrable Bose gas. Both the system on a
circle and the harmonically trapped system are considered. The and
are the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions respectively of the one body
density matrix. We present a detailed numerical and analytic study of this
problem. Our main results are the explicit scaled forms of the density
matrices, from which it is deduced that for fixed the occupations
are asymptotically proportional to in both the circular
and harmonically trapped cases.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures (.eps), uses REVTeX
Gemini Observations of Disks and Jets in Young Stellar Objects and in Active Galaxies
We present first results from the Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrograph
(NIFS) located at Gemini North. For the active galaxies Cygnus A and Perseus A
we observe rotationally-supported accretion disks and adduce the existence of
massive central black holes and estimate their masses. In Cygnus A we also see
remarkable high-excitation ionization cones dominated by photoionization from
the central engine. In the T-Tauri stars HV Tau C and DG Tau we see
highly-collimated bipolar outflows in the [Fe II] 1.644 micron line, surrounded
by a slower molecular bipolar outflow seen in the H_2 lines, in accordance with
the model advocated by Pyo et al. (2002).Comment: Invited paper presented at the 5th Stromlo Symposium. 9 pages, 7
figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc
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