Trace amines produced by skin bacteria accelerate wound healing in mice

Certain skin bacteria are able to convert aromatic amino acids (AAA) into trace amines (TA) that act as neuromodulators. Since the human skin and sweat contain a comparatively high content of AAA one can expect that such bacteria are able to produce TA on our skin. Here we show that TA-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis strains expressing SadA are predominant on human skin and that TA accelerate wound healing. In wounded skin, keratinocytes produce epinephrine (EPI) that leads to cell motility inhibition by β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) activation thus delay wound healing. As β2-AR antagonists, TA and dopamine (DOP) abrogate the effect of EPI thus accelerating wound healing both in vitro and in a mouse model. In the mouse model, the S. epidermidis wild type strain accelerates wound healing compared to its ΔsadA mutant. Our study demonstrates that TA-producing S. epidermidis strains present on our skin might be beneficial for wound healing.Fil: Luqman, Arif. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.; Alemania. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember; IndonesiaFil: Muttaqin, Muhammad Zainul. Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik; IndonesiaFil: Yulaipi, Sumah. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember; IndonesiaFil: Ebner, Patrick. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.; AlemaniaFil: Matsuo, Miki. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.; AlemaniaFil: Zabel, Susanne. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.; AlemaniaFil: Tribelli, Paula Maria. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Nieselt, Kay. Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik; IndonesiaFil: Hidayati, Dewi. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember; IndonesiaFil: Götz, Friedrich. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.; Alemani

The GET pathway can increase the risk of mitochondrial outer membrane proteins to be mistargeted to the ER

Tail-anchored (TA) proteins are anchored to their corresponding membrane via a single transmembrane segment (TMS) at their C-terminus. In yeast, the targeting of TA proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can be mediated by the guided entry of TA proteins (GET) pathway, whereas it is not yet clear how mitochondrial TA proteins are targeted to their destination. It is widely observed that some mitochondrial outer membrane (OM) proteins are mistargeted to the ER when overexpressed or when their targeting signal is masked. However, the mechanism of this erroneous sorting is currently unknown. In this study, we demonstrate the involvement of the GET machinery in mistargeting of non-optimal mitochondrial OM proteins to the ER. These findings suggest that the GET machinery can, in principle, recognize and guide mitochondrial and non-canonical TA proteins. Hence, under normal conditions, an active mitochondrial targeting pathway must exist that dominates the kinetic competition against other pathways

Stoichiometry-controlled FeP nanoparticles synthesized from a single source precursor

Phase-pure FeP nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized through low temperature thermolysis of the single source precursor [(CO)4Fe(PH3)]. Examination of the mechanism demonstrates the central role of the labile CO ligands and the weak P–H bonds to yield stoichiometry controlled FeP materials

The influence of temperature varying material parameters on the dynamic behavior of short span railway bridges

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

The influence of temperature varying material parameters on the dynamic behavior of short span railway bridges

The influence of temperature varying material parameters on the dynamic behavior of short span railway bridge

Evaluation of coupled partial models in structural engineering using graph theory and sensitivity analysis

The process of analysis and design in structural engineering requires the consideration of different partial models of loading, structural material, structural elements and analysis type, among others. All of these, need an adequate modelling as individuals and as coupled sets to catch a behaviour of interest. This paper proposes an innovative algorithm to facilitate quantitative measures to evaluate coupled partial models in structural engineering. Adapting graph theory and utilising variance based sensitivity analysis enable evaluation and drawing conclusions regarding the combinations of partial models in an engineering system. The algorithm is applied in bridge engineering, analysing bridge behaviour considering dynamic loading, creep and shrinkage material models and further considering geometric nonlinear effects. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd