TRA-958: A METHODOLOGY FOR INTEGRATING ASSET VALUATION IN TRANSPORTATION ASSET MANAGEMENT

Asset valuation is an essential component of effective asset management. It is an important method to demonstrate proper management of public assets and effective utilization of government’s budgets. In addition, it allows agencies to demonstrate justifications of funds needed to preserve its assets. Asset valuation is used in standard reporting, depreciation schedules, auditor requirements and condition assessments. Several government regulatory bodies mandate agencies to report their Capital Tangible Assets’ (CTA) values within their annual statement. For example, the Canadian Public Sector Accounting Board (PSAB), the Governmental Accounting Standard Board (GASB) and the New Zealand International Financial Reporting Standards (NZ IFRS) to name a few. Integrating asset valuation in asset management is imperative to manage assets in the most optimized cost-effective ways while maintaining or enhancing the value of these assets. Furthermore, the increased movement towards Public Private Partnerships (PPP) raises the question of how to identify the optimum or practical asset value criteria in performance based specifications that provide the required Level of Service (LOS). The objective of this paper is to present a research overview to develop an asset management methodology to integrate asset value and valuation concepts and techniques with performance measures, prediction models, life-cycle cost analysis, prioritization and optimization tools as well as decision-making tools of asset management state-of-the-practice

TRA-962: COLOURED ASPHALT BUS RAPID TRANSIT LANES IN THE REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF YORK: INTEGRATING LABORATORY PERFORMANCE TESTING INTO SUSTAINABLE PAVEMENT ASSET MANAGEMENT

Located north of Toronto, Ontario, The Regional Municipality of York, the sixth largest municipality in Canada, is a thriving community and home to a well-established service sector. York Region’s population is expected to grow from 1.1 million in 2013 to 1.8 million in 2041. With more people coming to the Region every year, Rapid Transit projects provide significant benefits. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) lanes are built or being built along the three most heavily travelled roads in York Region: Yonge Street, Highway 7 and Davis Drive. To improve the level of safety through enhanced visibility and help residents and motorists easily understand this new transit system and follow the right-of-way, York Region uses coloured asphalt pavement design for its dedicated BRT lanes. York Region and Metrolinx, an agency of the Government of Ontario created to improve the coordination and integration of all modes of transportation in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, retained the Centre for Pavement and Transportation Technology (CPATT), located at the University of Waterloo, to identify innovative and sustainable future preservation and maintenance solutions to ensure durability and high performance throughout the material’s life cycle. This paper highlights information on how coloured asphalt can be used to achieve technical and social benefits in a number of transportation applications. This paper also looks at pavement performance results obtained from conducting material testing at the state-of-the-art pavement laboratory at CPATT. These results provide insight into the level of resistance the pavement structure will exhibit to loss of surficial colour and friction due to inevitable wear and tear. These results are used to compliment performance prediction models describing the expected path of deterioration over time. Materials under evaluation included those collected during paving operations and those produced under controlled laboratory conditions

TRA-961: FOAM GLASS LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE: THE NEW APPROACH

Foam glass lightweight aggregate (LWA) derived from mixed waste and recycled glass has great potential for use as an alternative material for several applications in building and other industrial applications. Despite the significant superior features of the current product, there is still room for further research to improve the structural performance of newly developed foam glass and foam glass-ceramics produced from waste and recycled materials. Improvements may be achieved through controlling microstructures and the distributions of pore sizes and shapes, altering chemical and phase compositions, creating reinforced structures by the inclusion of other fibrous materials as well as adding colour to the foam glass and glass-ceramics. One commercially used foam glass gravel has been selected and was the subject of a wide range of tests to determine its physical and mechanical properties and to compare them to conventional products in the industry. Results obtained from percent crushed particle content, abrasion resistance and freezing and thawing resistance testing are presented and analysed. Methods for improving foam properties and expanding its usefulness in engineering applications are proposed; adjusting the microstructure characteristics and changing the chemical and phase composition were found to be effective. A deeper examination of the microstructure by microscopy (SEM or TEM) further revealed the promising features of the evaluated material as a new versatile construction material. In addition, inclusion of colouring oxides in foam formulation was examined as an innovative way for increasing mechanical strength in a colourful product

TRA-935: REPAIRING HIGH VOLUME HMA HIGHWAYS WITH PRECAST CONCRETE INLAY PANELS

The pavements which make up Canada’s high volume highways are subjected to some of the most demanding conditions in the world. They must structurally be capable of supporting significant traffic loading, which can exceed an average of 30,000 trucks per day. They must be capable of supporting these loads throughout the wide variety of environmental conditions to which they are exposed, ranging from hot summers to cold winters. In order to achieve service lives which do not necessitate frequent maintenance and repair activities, these pavement structures are required to be very resilient. A complication to constructing the resilient pavement structures is that construction activities on high volume highways are generally limited to over-night construction windows that are six to eight hours long. At the end of this construction window, full traffic must typically be reinstated. Ontario’s Ministry of Transportation (MTO) has a number of high volume highways which have been reaching the end of their service lives prematurely due to deep-seated pavement rutting issues. These highways have previously been rehabilitated using a mill and replace strategy. In response to this issue and the restricted construction windows for rehabilitation operations, a new rehabilitation strategy has been developed for rehabilitating high volume hot mix asphalt (HMA) highways. This strategy is the use of Precast Concrete Inlay Panels (PCIPs) which are placed within a partially milled HMA pavement structure. A trial section of the PCIP strategy has been designed and proposed to the MTO for implementation and this paper outlines the development of the rehabilitation strategy, with specific focus on details produced to address to the unique nature of this rehabilitation strategy. These details include panel support conditions, built in design details, and construction specifications that address various constructability and performance concerns

Evaluating the Potential for Hot Mix Asphalt Rutting Performance Using Laboratory and Digital Imaging Technique

ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to evaluate the non-structural rutting resistance of six typical Superpave™ mixes used in Ontario for surface course using conventional and advanced methods. Hamburg Wheel Rut Tester (HWRT), Dynamic modulus test, and Digital Imaging Processing (DIP) technique were used in the evaluation. These mixes include two Superpave SP12.5 and four SP12.5 FC2 mixes. Six Superpave Performance Grading (PG) binders and three traffic levels were used in the design of these mixes. The effect of aggregate type and binder type in improving the rutting resistance was investigated. Manual method was used to quantify the shear upheave for all mixes. The common devices in measuring Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) rutting ignore the effect of shear flow and only measure the effect of densification which might affect the ranking of mixes according to rutting susceptibility. DIP was used for further analysis of aggregate effect on HMA rutting resistance. This included estimating aggregate contacts, segregation and orientation of two dimensional cross section images after loading. This method provides internal structural analysis of HMA in order to understand the failure mechanism in rutting and its relationship with each individual component characteristics. Dynamic modulus test was also conducted to investigate the correlation between the HMA stiffness and rutting. It was found that Dynamic modulus |E*| is very effective for evaluating the resistance of HMA mixtures against rutting due to the strong correlation. The results of this study also showed that DIP provides an indication of HMA rutting potential. Aggregate contacts showed a good correlation with mixture rutting resistance measured manually and by using HWRT. Overall, imaging analysis would assist in the design of long lasting pavement

Sustainability Evaluation of Pavement Technologies through Multicriteria Decision Techniques

This paper presents findings of a recent study that was conducted in Canada on the quantification of pavement sustainability. The ultimate goal of this study was to develop a framework and explore the use of multicriteria decision-making techniques to formally assess the sustainability of pavement engineering alternatives. While sustainability is of increasing concern in pavement engineering, environmental performance is rarely used by pavement managers to select maintenance practices. There is therefore a need to develop a framework for the practical consideration of environmental effects in pavement management. This paper aims to provide a better understanding on the use of multicriteria decision-making techniques based on hierarchy process (AHP) and choosing by advantages (CBA) for the integration of sustainable aspects in the decision-making process of pavement management. A case study comparing pavement maintenance technologies using cold-in-place recycling and traditional solutions based on mill and overlay is analyzed for illustrative purposes. Results obtained using both multicriteria techniques are compared, including a sensitivity analysis on the importance of sustainability criteria in the evaluation of maintenance alternatives. Results obtained from this case study show that AHP and CBA provide consistent recommendations in which cold-in-place technologies are preferred over traditional alternatives. However, CBA presents the advantage of separating cost from the analysis, letting the agency to decide whether they are willing to pay more to use more sustainable alternatives. This finding has significant implications for engineering practice, given that AHP is widely used not only in the pavement field but in infrastructure management. Further research is needed to incorporate social aspects and existing barriers for the implementation of sustainable technologies in the proposed sustainability evaluation.</p

Safety and Economic Benefits of Partially Paved

ABSTRACT The main function of partially paved shoulders (PPSs) is to improve safety and reduce maintenance. As well, any tendency to edge cracking is moved from the travel lane to the partially paved shoulder, thereby extending pavement life. Safety is improved by minimizing pavement edge drop off and reducing granular maintenance. Property damage is also reduced and driver comfort increases because of a perceived increase in road width. This paper is based on a study of 180 PPS sections, and is directed toward quantifying the safety and economic benefits. Motivation for the study came from a climate of economic restrictions and the associated need to quantify any benefits of PPS&apos;s. Survey and evaluation procedures are described in the paper, as is the innovative life-cycle cost approach. Based on the survey, the majority of people did not feel that gravel shoulders were safe and found them to be a dramatic exit from the roadway. Gravel fly up was identified to be a major concern and 80% of those surveyed had experienced broken or cracked windshields while 73% had experienced paint chips and 8% had encountered broken headlights due to gravel fly up. The results show that PPS&apos;s have definite safety benefits; moreover, granular PPS&apos;s had a significantly longer service life than earth PPS&apos;s. Performance equations and life-cycle costs which quantify these results are provided. Finally the paper presents conclusions and recommendations toward those situations where partially paved shoulders are warranted for safety and economic reasons