A qualitative and linguistic analysis of an authority issues training group

textPsychologists, psychotherapists, and others in the field of mental health research and practice often engage in ongoing training in order to increase both their professional skills and their self-awareness. One context for this training is an experiential training group. These groups often select a specific psychological process to study, and then use the here-and-now interactions in the group to gain awareness of the related emotions, thoughts, social processes, and behavior patterns. Members increase their knowledge through a unique combination of experience, observation, and analysis. The data for this study come from an experiential training group focused upon the authority issue, a complex psychological construct that refers to the ways in which members avoid (defend against) feelings of vulnerability in interpersonal relationships in which differences in power are perceived to exist. This study is exploratory and descriptive. I use both qualitative research methods and computerized linguistic analysis to interpret a selection of transcripts from one training group across a two and a half year period. Through multiple readings of the transcripts, triangulation through three different theories, consultation with experts, and the use of peer debriefers, four areas of interest emerge from selected transcripts. First, there is substantial evidence that this advanced group replicated the phases of development long theorized to exist in less advanced groups. Second, members demonstrated an ability to observe and articulate increasingly complex group interactions, thereby increasing their capacity to benefit from the experiential group process. Third, members explored the consequences of intra-group competition, perhaps using it as a defense against feelings of vulnerability. Finally, the linguistic analysis showed changes in language style over time.Educational Psycholog

Eradication of Exotic Weeds in Australia: Comparing Effort and Expenditure

Weeds have many adverse impacts on agriculture and the environment and therefore are often targets of eradication attempts. Eradication attempts involve large commitments of labour and financial resources over significant periods of time. Using data from 12 Australian weed eradication attempts the authors compare work hours and expenditure on each attempt for various initial-infestation sizes. Analysis of a limited data set shows: (1) that while the eradication effort increases with the initial area of infestation, the effort applied per hectare actually decreases; (2) that application of a greater work effort was not the reason why completed eradications were successful; and (3) that the larger the initial infestation size, the smaller the amount of resources applied per hectare for eradication.weeds, eradication, work effort, expenditure, infestation size, Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Rechargeable Batteries Including High-Voltage Cathode and Redox Shuttle Conferring Overcharge Protection

Compounds for use as photoredox catalysts and as redox shuttles in a rechargeable battery having a high-voltage cathode providing overcharge protection capabilities are provided, including a compound according to the formula: (see patent for formula) wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, aryl carbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, glycols, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, and a polymer

Liquid Phenothiazine Catholytes for Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries

Highly soluble, liquid phenothiazines containing methoxy-terminated ether and oligoether substituents are disclosed with high diffusion coefficients and robust performance in electrochemical measurements, which can be synthesized in one step from commercially-available starting materials, thereby circumventing previous synthetic limitations

Application of Cross-Linked Polyborosiloxanes and Organically Modified Boron Silicate Binders in Silicon-Containing Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

To determine the effect of cross-linking in polymer binders on gravimetric capacity and retention in charge/discharge cycling of lithium-ion batteries containing silicon anodes, polymers with a varied chemiophysical characters have been studied as electrode binders. Here we report the utilization of cross-linked polyborosiloxanes and a boron-modified organosilicate as binders for nanoparticulate silicon-containing anodes for lithium-ion batteries. We show that highly cross-linked binders enable a large degree of capacity to be accessed and that capacity retention is greater when the electrodes are cycled in half cells. More extensive analysis of the boron-modified organosilicate is further explored

Silylethynylated Heteroacenes and Electronic Devices Made Therewith

Novel silylethynylated heteroacenes and electronic devices made with those compounds are disclosed

Two-Electron Donating Phenothiazines and Use Thereof

Compounds for use as electrolyte in a non-aqueous redox battery are provided, including an N-substituted phenothiazine compound according to the formula: (see patent for formula.) R\u27 is alkyl and R is selected from alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, arylcarbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluo- roalkyl, glycol, polyether, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, a polymerizable unit, and a polymer

Distortion or Clarification: Defining Highly Qualified Teachers and the Relationship between Certification and Achievement

Recent studies of the relationship between teacher preparation pathways and student achievement have resulted in similar statistics but contradictory conclusions. These studies as a group have several limits: they sometimes focus on student-level indicators when many policy decisions are made with indicators at the school-level or above, are limited to specific urban locations or grade levels, or neglect the potential influence of building type, as defined as the grade-levels serviced. Using statewide data from the 2004-2005 school year, we examined the relationships between school-level indicators of student achievement on nationally-normed tests and proportions of alternatively certified teachers, while controlling for building type and other relevant covariates. Our findings indicate that the relationship between teacher preparation and student achievement at the school level depends on whether the building mixes multiple grade levels (e.g., elementary and middle). The implications of Missouri's policy change for research and school improvement are discussed with respect to the current high-stakes testing environment

Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries Including 3,7-Perfluoroalkylated Phenothiazine Derivatives

A non-aqueous redox flow battery includes a negative electrode immersed in a first non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution, a positive electrode immersed in a second nonaqueous liquid electrolyte solution, and a semi-permeable separator interposed between the negative and positive electrodes, wherein the second the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution comprises a compound of the formula... To see the remainder of this abstract, please download this patent