A Preliminary Study on the Germination of Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC.

The germination response of Uraria picta to different treatments viz. water soaking for 24 h and 72 h, hot water 50 ± 2 oC and 80 ± 2 oC, conc. HCl, conc. H2SO4, BAP, IAA, IBA and Kinetin was investigated. The higher percentage of germination ( 80% ) occur in conc. H2SO4 for 10 min and lower percentage of germination ( 10 % ) occur in 50 ± 2 0 C, 80± 20 C and conc. H2SO4 for 5 min i.e.10 % .There was no any response on germination by the treatment of hormones and conc. HCl, water soaking for 24 and 72 h

OPENCV BASED VIRTUAL TOUCH SCREEN FOR ROBOTIC NAVIGATION

Touch-screens have emerged as a very popular technology. The major advantage of virtual touch screens is its low cost as compared to its counterparts and their up gradation also involves minimal changes to hardware. In areas where there is no necessity of slim touch-screens, image processing touch screens are of a great asset. This paper presents very new and innovative method of robotic Navigation. In this paper we attempt to address the various problems, by focusing on achieving a high level of Accuracy at low costs, utilizing GUI techniques, all the while keeping the process simple and fast. By using web camera at PC side we have controlled robot and the communication range is also increased as the very new technology i.e. Zigbee have been introduced here

A NOVEL PHENOMENON IN THE LITERARY HISTORY OF INDIA

The novel phenomenon in Indian English Writing is new but became popular very soon. In Indian literature, other forms of literature were quite old as their foundations were laid down centuries back but the ‘novel’ as literary genre was new to India. Poetry, epics, drama, short stories and fables have their old literary history. ‘Novel’ was actually the last to arrive on the Indian English literary scene. It was only during a period of little more than a century that the novel-the long sustain piece of prose fiction-has crop up and taken root in India. At initial level, the Indian English novel has been reflected upon explored and analyzed from the perspective of history and historiography, genre and language, ‘Indianness’ and Indian sensibility with the majority of critics date its beginning back to the mid nineteenth century when the Bengali writer Bankimchandra Chatterjee published his Raj Mohan’s Wife (1864). In India, the beginning of the modern novel as a realistic portrayal of Indian men and women in society and relating back to the European genre as it had evolved from the 18th century onward has been dated back to the late second decades of the 20th century. Indian novels are governed by their writer’s more general and social interest while a younger generation is more politically and socially 32 aware of contemporary issues. In the second half of the 19th century, stray novels continued to appear mostly by writers from the Bengal, Madras and Bombay. A majority of these novels are social and historical, and their models are obviously the eighteenth and nineteenth century British fiction, particularly Defoe, Fielding and Scott. An interesting development is the surprisingly early appearance of women novelists. In this paper the researcher is going to take the survey of Indian English literature. This study focuses only Novel phenomenon and will not deal with the study of Drama and poetry

Phytochemical Studies on Datura metel Linn. in Marathwada Region, Maharashtra

During present investigation attempts were made to find out the active phytochemical components. It is felt that, the investigation will enlighten the importance of much neglected species of Datura and its taxonomic significance along with its exploitation as a medicinal plant. The quantitative and qualitative analysis is very essential for identifying the compounds present in the medicinal plants. The experiments were carried out in the laboratory using various parts of D. metel Linn. such as root, stem, leaves, seeds and fruit coat for quantitative and qualitative analysis. Key words: Phytochemical studies, Marathwada, Maharashtra, Datura metel Linn. M.S. Jamdhade edited. Phytochemical Studies on Datura metel Linn. in Marathwada Region, Maharashtra. J Phytol 2/12 (2010) 46-48

Biobutanol: the outlook of an academic and industrialist.

Abstract The gradual shift of transportation fuels from oil based fuels to the alternative fuel resources and worldwide demand for energy has been the impetus for research to produce alcohol biofuels from renewable resources. Current bioethanol and biodiesel can, however, not cover an increasing demand for biofuels. Hence, there is an extensive need for advanced biofuels with superior fuel properties. The present review is focused on the developments of biobutanol, which is regarded to be superior to bioethanol in terms of energy density and hygroscopicity. Although acetone-butanolethanol (ABE) fermentation is one of the oldest large-scale fermentation processes, butanol yield by anaerobic fermentation remains sub-optimal. For sustainable industrial scale butanol production, a number of obstacles need to be addressed including choice of feedstock, low product yield, product toxicity to production strain, multiple end-products and downstream processing of alcohol mixtures. Metabolic engineering provides a means for fermentation improvements. Different strategies are employed in the metabolic engineering of Clostridia that aim to enhance the solvent production, improve selectivity for butanol production, and increase the tolerance of Clostridia to solvents. The introduction and expression of a non-clostridial butanol producing pathway in E. coli is most promising strategy for butanol biosynthesis. Several rigorous kinetic and physiological models for fermentation have been formulated, which form useful tool for optimization of the process. Due to the lower butanol titers in the fermentation broth, simultaneous fermentation and product removal techniques have been developed to improve production economics. With the use of new strains, inexpensive substrates, and superior reactor designs, economic ABE fermentation may further attract an attention of researchers all over the world. The present review is attempting to provide an overall outlook on discoveries and strategies that are being developed for commercial n-butanol production

Proizvodnja gelan gume fermentacijom, njezino izdvajanje, pročišćavanje i primjena

The microbial exopolysaccharides are water-soluble polymers secreted by microorganisms during fermentation. The biopolymer gellan gum is a relatively recent addition to the family of microbial polysaccharides that is gaining much importance in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries due to its novel properties. It is commercially produced by C. P. Kelco in Japan and the USA. Further research and development in biopolymer technology is expected to expand its use. This article presents a critical review of the available information on the gellan gum synthesized by Sphingomonas paucimobilis with special emphasis on its fermentative production and downstream processing. Rheological behaviour of fermentation broth during fermentative production of gellan gum and problems associated with mass transfer have been addressed. Information on the biosynthetic pathway of gellan gum, enzymes and precursors involved in gellan gum production and application of metabolic engineering for enhancement of yield of gellan gum has been specified. Characteristics of gellan gum with respect to its structure, physicochemical properties, rheology of its solutions and gel formation behaviour are discussed. An attempt has also been made to review the current and potential applications of gellan gum in food, pharmaceutical and other industries.Tijekom fermentacije mikroorganizmi izlučuju egzopolisaharide, polimere topljive u vodi. Gelan guma je biopolimer odnedavno uvršten u skupinu mikrobnih polisaharida koji se zbog svojih novih svojstava sve više primjenjuje u industriji hrane te farmaceutskoj i kemijskoj industriji. Proizvodi ga tvrtka C.P. Kelco u Japanu i SAD-u. Dodatnim istraživanjem i razvojem tehnologije biopolimera proširit će se njegova primjena. U ovom je radu dan kritički osvrt na podatke o sintezi gelan gume s pomoću Sphingomonas paucimobilis, a osobito na proizvodnju fermentacijom te izdvajanje i pročišćavanje proizvoda. Opisana su i reološka svojstva medija tijekom proizvodnje te problemi vezani uz prijenos tvari. Navedeni su podaci o biosintetskom putu, enzimima i prekurzorima koji sudjeluju u njezinoj proizvodnji te primjena metaboličkog inženjeringa radi poboljšanja prinosa. Također se raspravljalo o značajkama gelan gume s obzirom na strukturu, fizičko-kemijska svojstva, reologiju otopina te ponašanje pri formiranju gela. Autori su prikazali sadašnju i buduću primjenu gelan gume u industriji hrane, farmaceutskoj industriji i ostalim industrijama

Skleroglukan: proizvodnja fermentacijom, izdvajanje, pročišćavanje i primjena

Exopolysaccharides produced by a variety of microorganisms find multifarious industrial applications in foods, pharmaceutical and other industries as emulsifiers, stabilizers, binders, gelling agents, lubricants, and thickening agents. One such exopolysaccharide is scleroglucan, produced by pure culture fermentation from filamentous fungi of genus Sclerotium. The review discusses the properties, fermentative production, downstream processing and applications of scleroglucan.Razni mikroorganizmi proizvode egzopolisaharide koji imaju višestruku primjenu u proizvodnji hrane, farmaceutskoj industriji i drugim industrijama, kao emulgatori, stabilizatori, učvršćivači, te sredstva za geliranje, podmazivanje i zgušnjavanje. Jedan takav polisaharid je skleroglukan proizveden fermentacijom s pomoću filamentoznih gljiva iz roda Sclerotium. U ovom se revijalnom prikazu raspravlja o svojstvima skleroglukana, njegovoj proizvodnji fermentacijom te izdvajanju i primjeni

Skleroglukan: proizvodnja fermentacijom, izdvajanje, pročišćavanje i primjena

Exopolysaccharides produced by a variety of microorganisms find multifarious industrial applications in foods, pharmaceutical and other industries as emulsifiers, stabilizers, binders, gelling agents, lubricants, and thickening agents. One such exopolysaccharide is scleroglucan, produced by pure culture fermentation from filamentous fungi of genus Sclerotium. The review discusses the properties, fermentative production, downstream processing and applications of scleroglucan.Razni mikroorganizmi proizvode egzopolisaharide koji imaju višestruku primjenu u proizvodnji hrane, farmaceutskoj industriji i drugim industrijama, kao emulgatori, stabilizatori, učvršćivači, te sredstva za geliranje, podmazivanje i zgušnjavanje. Jedan takav polisaharid je skleroglukan proizveden fermentacijom s pomoću filamentoznih gljiva iz roda Sclerotium. U ovom se revijalnom prikazu raspravlja o svojstvima skleroglukana, njegovoj proizvodnji fermentacijom te izdvajanju i primjeni

Vitamin D: prescription audit in tertiary health care centre

Background: Vitamin-D is critically important for development, growth and maintenance of health of human being. Many evidences show association between vit-D deficiency and several serious health conditions. Data collection on use of drugs is being obtained with the aim of optimizing drug therapy. So far till date only few studies about prescription pattern of vit-D have been found. Hence it is very important to do audit of prescriptions of vit-D. The aim of the study is to provide concise and updated information about the use of vit-D in tertiary care hospital and to record demographic details of patients.Methods: After ethical approval, this cross sectional study was conducted at tertiary health centre. Patient and drug data (name of drug, dose, dosage form and route of administration) was collected from the patient’s prescriptions in OPD.Results: Highest prescriptions of vit-D were found in orthopedic department (22% of total prescriptions of that department). Prescribing percentage of vit-D in medicine department was 4.6%, dermatology 1.5% and in psychiatry 0.8% of total prescriptions. Prescriptions of vit-D in combination with calcium were found in orthopedics (52%), medicine (7%) and obstetrics and gynecology (10%) departments.Conclusions: Highest prescriptions of vit-D alone and with calcium found in orthopedic department. Periodic therapeutic audit is necessary to rationalise the use of vit D