Dry Matter Variability and Quality in Some Perspective Populations of some Agrostis Species

Important goals in forage grass breeding are improvement in forage yield and quality. The objective of this study was the examination of dry matter variability of autochtonous populations of three species from the genus Agrostis L. in order to choose the best ones for creating cultivars. Since we have not had domestic cultivars of these species so far, and it is known that they can be used for various purposes like cutting and grazing and having good quality, this research is made reasonable in many ways. The present results refer to the variability of genetic potentiality of the dry matter production in the year of usage. They refer to the basic parameters of quality on the chosen families originating from 14 populations of colonial bentgrass, Agrostis capillaris L., 22 populations creeping bentgrass, Agrostis stolonifera L. and 7 families originating from redtop, Agrostis gigantea Roth. With all the three species, the most productive family, with statistically significant higher yield, present the initial material for creating the first cultivars in our country

Inbreeding of Some Populations in the Genus Agrostis L.

This work presents some properties on produced inbred lines of the 5 best populations of 4 species of Agrostis for breeding purposes. The cultivars of forage grasses should meet a given aim for selection, which is the increasing dry matter and quality. The populations used in this research were the best ones for morphological and productive properties from a previous study. By the process of selfing there have been produced S1 offsprings which appeared to be quite superior in relation to open pollinated offspring from the mother plants. The obtained results were processed by multiple range regression analyses. According to the regression coefficient the inheritance of phenotype value of parental plants and the obtained offsprings after the selfing, and the properties like height of plant, tillering, number of vegetative and generative shoots, and dry matter yield for each plant has been determined. The selfed seed setting was quite satisfactory and it did not exppressed a very significant depression. Since the results relating to the inbred plants do not show inbreeding depression, process of selection and creating new cultivars should be continued for these species

Genotype x Environment interaction for antioxidants and phytic acid contents in bread and durum wheat as influenced by climate

Antioxidants prevent oxidative stress and exert positive health effects. However, phytic acid among them decreases micronutrients absorption, representing also antinutrient to human and non-ruminant animals. Fifteen bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 15 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes were evaluated across six environments to determine contents of phytic acid (PA), inorganic P (Pi), total yellow pigment, total soluble phenolic compounds, free protein sulfhydryl groups (PSH), and also phytic acid P/P-i (P-p/P-i). The objective of this study was to quantify, for each trait the effects of environment, genotype, and their interaction; and the influence of climatic factors on the Genotype x Environment interaction (GEI) by the use of the factorial regression. GEI (P lt 0.001) prevailed as source of variation over genotype (P lt 0.001) in determining PA content in bread and durum wheat (44.3% and 34.7% of sum of squares-SS, respectively), PSH content in bread and durum wheat (27% and 28.4% of SS, respectively) and total soluble phenolic compounds content in durum wheat (35.5% of SS). The major contribution to the GEI represented climatic variables during stages of stem elongation for PA and phenolic compounds, and also flowering, fertilization, grain formation and grain filling for PSH. Total yellow pigment and Pi contents in bread and durum wheat were predominantly determined by genotype (P lt 0.001). Models of climatic variables proved to be efficient in the explanation of more than 92% of the SS of GEI for PA and antioxidants contents