Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties of Hybrid Sisal/Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composite

Our environment is being pullulated due to the great use of synthetic fibre as reinforcement for polymer composites. Natural fibres may be better choice for replacement of synthetic fibre for polymer composite to reduced environment burden. Hybrid sisal/glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites are prepared by hand lay-up technique using different weight fractions (10, 20, 30 and 40 %) with 10 mm length of fibres. Mechanical and water absorption properties of prepared composites are investigated. This study shows that the addition of glass fibre into sisal fibre reinforced composite has increased its mechanical properties. Statistical analysis is also carried out using T-test and ANOVA and found significant variation among composites

Pattern and incidence of adverse drug reactions observed in cardiac clinic of tertiary hospital, Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi

Background: The aim of the present study was to monitor the incidence and pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in cardiac care unit at Hakeem Abdul Hameed (HAH) Centenary Hospital.Methods: Study was conducted with the permission of Institutional Ethics Committee. Patients visiting medicine outpatient department, cardiac clinic, medical ward, and emergency departments over a period of 15 months were recruited. ADRs were recorded on the prescribed form. Causality assessment was done using Naranjo probability scale. 223 patients of hypertension and stable coronary artery disease were enrolled of which 48.9% were males and 51.1% females. The most common prescribed drugs were ace-inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blocker, and beta-blockers. Other prescribed drugs were calcium channel blockers, statins, nitrates, and antiplatelets.Results: A total of 44 ADRs were recorded. 26 ADRs were seen in females and 18 in males. Statins were the commonest drug associated with ADRs (29.5%) in our study. The most common organ system associated with ADRs in the present study was central nervous system followed by skin 15.9% each. The incidence of ADRs was about 20% of which 20% ADRs were probable, and 80% were possible. Maximum ADRs occurred in patients prescribed statins followed by beta-blockers and angiotensin receptor blockers.Conclusion: There is a need for conducting such studies in more and more patients to see the pattern of ADRs in cardiac patients. More information will help in reducing the ADR occurrence and making drug use more rational and safe for patients.

SCAR Markers Linked with Mode of Reproduction in Eight \u3cem\u3eCenchrus\u3c/em\u3e Species

The genus Cenchrus comprises of forage grasses of tropical and sub-tropical regions. Some of the Cenchrus species were introduced into India from Australia, Africa and they are now important component of Dichanthium-Cenchrus-Lasiurus grasslands of India. Eight Cenchrus spp. are available in India but only four (C. ciliaris, C. glaucus, C. pennisetiformis and C. setigerus) species are used in sown pastures. The remaining four (C. biflorus, C. preiurii C. echinatus and C. myosuroides) species are grown in limited pockets and maintained as genetic resources for basic and applied studies (Chandra and Dubey, 2010). Number of Cenchrus species reproduces through apomixis, a mode of reproduction which produces seeds without fertilization. Apomixis in P. squamulatum and C. ciliaris has been reported to be controlled by the apospory-specific genomic region (ASGR) which is highly conserved and macrosyntenic between these species (Conner et al., 2008). Rarely, sexual plant of C. ciliaris has also been reported (Kumar et al., 2010). Molecular markers linked to apospory have been reported in several grasses including C. ciliaris (Ozias-Akins et al., 1998). However, reliable markers for apomictic and sexual modes of reproduction which can be used in breeding programs for these grasses have been still awaited. Therefore, we started looking for simple, robust and reliable marker linked with apomictic and sexual modes of reproduction in Cenchrus spp. Since molecular markers are not influenced by environmental factors and developmental stage of plant, they can be efficiently used in basic studies on apomixis as well as in grass breeding programs. PCR-based diversity analyses of these Cenchrus spp. resulted into identification of markers associated with the mode of reproduction, which were successfully converted into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) and validated using F2 mapping population of C. ciliaris. These markers would be very useful for genetic analysis of apomixis, fine mapping of apomixis locus, marker-assisted breeding and estimating genetic diversity in the Cenchrus spp

Preparation effect of mould systems on microstructure and mechanical properties of spheroidised graphite iron

This study is based on evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Brinell hardness and Charpy impact test of as-cast spheroidal graphite iron using sandwich techniques in different mould systems viz. green sand mould, dry sand mould and CO2 sand mould under varying cooling rates

4-[(4′-Chloro­methyl-[1,1′-biphen­yl]-4-yl)meth­yl]bis­(dimethyl­glyoximato-κ2 N,N′)(pyridine-κN)cobalt(III)1

The title compound, [Co(C14H14Cl)(C4H6N2O2)2(C5H5N)], is a model compound for the more complex cobalamines like vitamins B12. The CoIII atom is coordinated by a (4′-chloro­methyl-[1,1′-biphen­yl]-4-yl)methyl group, an N-bonded pyridine and two N,N′-bidentate dimethyl­glyoximate ligands in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The glyoximate ligands exhibit intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which is very common in cobaloxime derivatives

Prevention of endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits by Triphala, an Ayurvedic formulation

Purpose: Triphala (TA) is an Ayurvedic formulation used to treat various disorders. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of TA aqueous extract on experimental uveitis in the rabbit. Methods: Anterior uveitis was induced in rabbits by intravitreal injection of lipopolysaccharide from Eschericha coli after pretreatment with TA aqueous extract. Subsequently the anti-inflammatory activity of TA was evaluated by grading the clinical signs and estimating the inflammatory cell count, protein, and TNF-α level in the aqueous humour. Results: The anterior segment inflammation in the control group was significantly higher than in TA and prednisolone treated groups, as observed by clinical grading. The inflammatory cell count in the control group was 31.23 ± 0.80 × 105cells/ml, whereas it was 3.29 ± 0.47 × 105cells/ml (P < 0.0001 vs. control) and 1.31 ± 0.31 × 105 (P < 0.0001 vs. control) cells/ml in the TA and prednisolone treated groups, respectively. The protein content of the aqueous humour was 15.43 ± 0.54, 3.13 ± 0.35 (P < 0.0001 vs. control), and 1.96 ± 0.39 (P < 0.0001 vs. control) mg/ml in the control, TA and prednisolone treated groups respectively. The aqueous TNF- α level in the control group was 942.20 ± 6.46 pg/ml and was 261.30 ± 13.60 (P < 0.001 vs. control) and 104.00 ± 4.50 (P < 0.0001 vs. control) pg/ml in the TA and prednisolone treated groups, respectively. \ud Conclusions: Topical administration of aqueous extract of TA prevented uveitis in endotoxin-induced experimental rabbits.\u

Butyl­bis­(dimethyl­glyoximato-κ2 N,N′)(pyridine-κN)cobalt(III)1

In the title compound, [Co(C4H9)(C4H7N2O2)2(C5H5N)], which was prepared as a model complex of vitamin B12, the CoIII atom is coordinated by a butyl group, a pyridine and two N,N′-bidentate dimethyl­glyoximate ligands in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The bis-chelating dimethyl­glyoximate ligands, which occupy equatorial sites, are linked by strong intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds