Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of metal ions using dicarboethoxycalixarene-based sensor

In this paper, we have reported an electrochemical detection of metal ions based on Calixarene-based sensor. In the sensing strategy, 3-aminopropylsilane (APTMS) was initially self-assembled on indium tin oxide (ITO) followed by functionalization of dicarboethoxy-calix [4]arene (EtC4). The morphology and properties of electrodes were characterized by contact angle, atomic force microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical response characteristics of the modified electrodes (EtC4/APTMS/ITO) towards analyte ions; Zn(II), Cu(II), and Fe(II) ions were investigated by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) under optimized conditions. It was found that the response of modified electrode towards the analytes was improved significantly as compared to the ITO electrode and resulted in limit of detections (LOD) of 9.88 pg/L, 8.33 μg/L and 1.15 μg/L, respectively. In addition, the detection limit of simultaneous detection quantification of Cu2 +, Zn2 + and Fe2 + ions could be achieved with the concentration 6.19 ng/L, 3.02 mg/L and 2.79 mg/L, respectively. It is worth to show that dicarboethoxy-calix [4]arene modified electrode is a promising candidate as electrochemical sensors for simultaneous and ultrasensitive heavy metal ions determination

Countering uncertainty ‒ high-commitment work systems, performance, burnout, and wellbeing in Malaysia

This study examines the effect of high-commitment work systems on firm performance, employee burnout and wellbeing, and the mediating role of organisation support and employee effort in Malaysia. Through a survey of 215 employees working in manufacturing firms, the results show that high-commitment work systems have a significant positive direct impact on firm performance and a significant negative effect on employee burnout, yet no significant positive effect on employee wellbeing. Organisation support partially mediates the effect of high-commitment work systems on burnout. Both employee effort and organisation support fully mediate the effect of high-commitment work systems on wellbeing. The paper contributes to an understanding of how high-commitment work systems increase performance and highlights the centrality of organisation support in the context of low-skill, highly intense production work