The Effect of Personality Characteristics and Organizational Culture on Service Emotional Labor

This study analyzed data from 328 emotional workers to examine how personality traits and organizational culture affect emotional labor. Extraversion (CR value – 3.078, *** ρ < .001), agreeableness (CR value 2.135, * ρ < .05), and neuroticism (CR value 2.557, * ρ < .05) are significant in surface acts of emotional labor. The results showed that conscientiousness (CR value 1.761) and openness (CR value -0.55) were not significant. In internal behavior, extraversion (CR value 3.771, *** ρ < .001) and openness (CR value 3.216, ** ρ < 0.1) appeared significantly, while agreeableness (CR value -1.42) and conscientiousness (CR value 0.322)), neuroticism (CR value –0.324) was not significant

KOREA OUTBOUND TOURISM TO SEVEN COUNTRIES: VAR MODEL AND GRANGER CAUSALITY TEST

This paper investigates the causal relationship among Korean outbound tourism demand for seven countries such as United States, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Since there are no long-run relationships among Korean outbound tourism demand for those international destinations the vector autoregressive (VAR) model is used for testing such causality. From the causality results, we found United States is leading country for Korean outbound tourism demand. When Korean tourism demands for United States increase, those for the other countries get a raise. Also, tourism demand for Thailand is influenced by tourism demands for three countries such as Hong Kong, Singapore and United States. Our results imply that government and managerial implications are recognized based on the empirical findings

Balanced RFID Tag Antenna Mountable on Metallic Plates

A novel balanced tag antenna for radio frequency identification (RFID) system is presented. The radiating elements of two planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) are inductively coupled by the feed loop with out of phase. The balanced structure provides smaller degradation of performances when an RFID tag is mounted on the various sizes of metal plates. The HFSS simulator is employed to analyze the proposed antenna in the design process and to compare with measured results

RFID Tag Antenna Moutable on Metallic Plates

RFID tag antenna which could be mountable on metallic plate is designed and measured for 900MHz band. The proposed antenna consists of ground plane, substrate (εr = 4.7), feed line with shorted circuit and radiating patch with L-shaped slit. The feed line with shorted circuit is designed for the direct impedance matching between the antenna and the RFID microchip. Especially, it is possible to obtain considerably the easy impedance match with the proposed design. Overall dimension of the proposed antenna is 90×54×5mm3. When the antenna is placed in free space and mounted on 125×150mm2, 250×300mm2 metallic plates, the maximum reading distance is 6m, 4.8m and 5.2m, respectively

Interrelationships Among Korean Outbound Tourism Demand:Granger Causality Analysis

This study investigated Korean outbound tourism demand and its determinants using the Granger causality (GC) analysis. In contrast to previous studies, which dealt only with internal factors, such as exchange rate and income, this study examined the effects of interactions among countries and, therefore, more complete and relevant results were found. Korean outbound tourism to the USA is causally related to Korean outbound tourism to the other six countries in this present study. These results can be applicable for the purpose of tourism marketing and strategies for industries and governments to allocate tourism resources more efficiently.This paper is forthcoming in Tourism Economics

Quantile Elasticity of International Tourism Demand for South Korea using Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model

This paper investigates international inbound tourism demand for South Korea and its determinants using quantile autoregressive model. In contrast to previous studies which dealt with only conditional mean, we examine effects of covariates at various conditional quantile levels; and therefore, more complete and interesting results are found. For inbound tourism demand, U.S. and Japanese tourism  demand are considered. For U.S. tourism demand, costs of living in Korea and competing destinations have moderate significant negative effects only at very high and low quantiles, while income does not have any significant effect to tourism demand. On the other hand, for Japanese tourism demand, income has significantly positive effects at lower quantiles, and living costs in Korea and competing destinations have significant negative effects at higher quantiles. These results address the heterogeneity in the tourism demand analysis.This paper has been accepted for publication to Tourism Economics