The Foundation of Hallyu – K-Pop's Coming of Age

We are still, collectively struggling to come to terms with Hallyu, Korean Wave. This is seen in the multitude of contrasting perspective that have been applied by journalists and academics alike since the turn of the new millennium. This article explores the various different approaches, argues for new theoretical paradigms, and explores, as a case study, how foundations for K-Pop as Korean Wave were built in the years before the term itself, Hallyu, was created

Low-temperature ion beam mixing of Pt and Si markers in Ge

The mixing of Pt and Si marker atoms in Ge during 750-keV Xe irradiation was measured at temperatures between 6 and 500 K. The low-temperature measurements show that the mixing parameter for Pt is nearly twice that for Si. This result is in strong contradiction to the collisional theory of ion beam mixing. A weak temperature dependence in the mixing is found for both markers

Femininity in North Korea

Important changes are taking place inside North Korea. The collapse of the command economy, and the emergence of capitalism in its place, is ongoing. A burgeoning moneyed elite and increasing exposure to foreign pop culture are transforming how North Korean femininity is conceived. These changes are reaching far beyond Pyongyang to affect many, if not most, women in the country. Officially, North Korea’s founding juche (self-reliance) ideology supports gender equality. In practice the leadership cult that was entrenched under Kim Il-sung, who led the country from 1948 to 1994, gave patriarchal relations a significant boost. Under Kim Il-sung, the nation was recast in line with traditional, largely Confucian, male-dominated family structures — a considerable backslide from the progressive gender norms promoted by the early Korean socialist movement. Despite its rhetoric, Kim Il-sung’s juche ideology directly perpetuated gender subordination

Revisiting Martin Luther King’s Last Campaign and Unfinished Agenda

“Stayed on freedom,” sung by slaves emancipating themselves during the U.S. Civil War and again in churches and during the civil rights movements of the 1950s and 1960s, reminds us that the struggle for African American freedom has been long and hard. “Solidarity Forever,” composed in 1915 by Industrial Workers of the World activist Ralph Chaplin during World War I, picks up another thread of American history: the struggle for worker rights. Chaplin’s song tells us of the exploitation of labor for the benefit of the wealthy, and that through organizing, workers can make their demands: “the union makes us strong.” These two songs are not usually sung together, but I like to sing them that way because they link the ongoing struggle in American history for freedom and for economic justice.1 As we rethink the historical legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr., who died in Memphis, Tennessee, from an assassin’s bullet on April 4, 1968, over fifty years ago, these two struggles remain interconnected

An Autoignition Study of iso-Butanol: Experiments and Modeling

The autoignition delays of iso-butanol, oxygen, and nitrogen mixtures have been measured in a heated rapid compression machine (RCM). At compressed pressures of 15 and 30 bar, over the temperature range 800-950 K, and for equivalence ratio of $\phi$ = 0.5 in air, no evidence of an NTC region of overall ignition delay is found. By comparing the data from this study taken at $\phi$ = 0.5 to previous data collected at $\phi$ = 1.0 (Weber et al. 2013), it was found that the $\phi$ = 0.5 mixture was less reactive (as measured by the inverse of the ignition delay) than the $\phi$ = 1.0 mixture for the same compressed pressure. Furthermore, a recent chemical kinetic model of iso-butanol combustion was updated using the automated software Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG) to include low- temperature chain branching pathways. Comparison of the ignition delays with the updated model showed reasonable agreement for most of the experimental conditions. Nevertheless, further work is needed to fully understand the low temperature pathways that control iso-butanol autoignition in the RCM.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 8th US National Combustion Meetin