A Beale-Kato-Majda Blow-up criterion for the 3-D compressible Navier-Stokes equations

We prove a blow-up criterion in terms of the upper bound of the density for the strong solution to the 3-D compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The initial vacuum is allowed. The main ingredient of the proof is \textit{a priori} estimate for an important quantity under the assumption that the density is upper bounded, whose divergence can be viewed as the effective viscous flux.Comment: 17 page

MiR-486 protects against acute myocardial infarction via regulation of PTEN

Purpose: To investigate the effect of miR-486 on rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and its mechanism of action.Methods: A rat model of AMI was established. They were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, sham, model, agomiR-486 and antagomiR-486 groups, respectively. Rats in these different groups were treated with agomiR-21 (5 μL, 40 nmol/mL), antagomiR-21 (5 μL, 40 nmol/mL) or agomiR-NC (5 μL, 40 nmol/mL), respectively. Then, key miRNAs were sorted out using gene-chip assay and verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. Luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to determine the interaction between miR-486 and gene of PTEN. After intraperitoneal injection of agomiR-486 and antagomiR-486, hemodynamics was measured to determine the effect of miR-486 on myocardial function of the rats. The effect of miR-486 expression level on the expression of myocardial enzymes in serum, the morphology of myocardial tissues, and the apoptosis of myocardial tissues in rats, were investigated. Additionally, the effect of miR-486 expression level on PTEN/AKT signaling pathway in the rats was determined by Western blotting.Results: The results of gene-chip and qRT-PCR assays revealed that there were 8 differentially expressed genes in rat myocardial tissues in the model group when compared with the sham group. MiR-486 improved the cardiac function of rats and the morphology of myocardial tissues, but reduced AMI-induced apoptosis of myocardial cells and the expression of myocardial enzymes (markers of myocardial injury) in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The results of luciferase reporter gene assay showed that PTEN was a direct target of miR-486. In rat models of AMI, a raised expression of miR-486 remarkably suppressed the protein expression level of PTEN and up-regulated that of p-AKT/AKT (p < 0.05).Conclusion: MiR-486 protects against AMI in rats probably by targeting PTEN and activating the AKT signaling pathway. The results of the current study may provide new insights for the treatment of AMI

Erratum to: Proceedings of the American Society for Enhanced Recovery/Evidence Based Peri-Operative Medicine 2016 Annual Congress of Enhanced Recovery and Perioperative Medicine

Lensless microscopy, which is also called coherent diffractive imaging (CDI), is a novel and revolutionary approach to imaging. Lensless microscopy relies on coherence of the illumination and on computational postprocessing of the measured data. CDI methods provide large imaging flexibility compared to the standard lens-based microscopy. In this thesis, we have demonstrated applications of the CDI methods with laboratory short wavelength sources such as high harmonic generation or plasma gas discharge sources. Moreover, a new nonlinear CDI method was demonstrated with at second harmonic generation crystals illuminated by IR light

Jitter Aware Economic PDN Optimization with a Genetic Algorithm

This paper proposes a jitter aware decoupling placement optimization method for capacitors that uses the genetic algorithm (GA). In addition, a novel method for defining the optimization target function in regard to power delivery network (PDN) optimization based on the GA-based tool is proposed. The proposed method can provide an optimum and economic solution for the number of decoupling capacitors to use in a power delivery network (PDN). In addition, by modifying the optimization target function with our proposed method, an optimum solution regarding both the number of decoupling capacitors and the power source induced jitter (PSIJ) can be obtained. The PSIJ analytical expressions are derived in conjunction with a resonant cavity model that includes the coordinates of the decoupling capacitors and the PSIJ transfer function. The GAbased optimization algorithm with the proposed target function is first applied to optimize the number of decoupling capacitors, and then, the PSIJ is taken into account. A comparison between these two cases is made, with the results proving the efficiency of our proposed method. Finally, the measured jitter from HSPICE simulation results is used to verify our optimization method, such that both the simulated results and analytically calculated results support the efficiency of our proposed optimization method

The potential therapeutic role of extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defects: Spring of cell-free regenerative medicine is coming

In recent years, the incidence of critical-size bone defects has significantly increased. Critical-size bone defects seriously affect patients’ motor functions and quality of life and increase the need for additional clinical treatments. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has made great progress in repairing critical-size bone defects. As one of the main components of bone tissue engineering, stem cell-based therapy is considered a potential effective strategy to regenerate bone tissues. However, there are some disadvantages including phenotypic changes, immune rejection, potential tumorigenicity, low homing efficiency and cell survival rate that restrict its wider clinical applications. Evidence has shown that the positive biological effects of stem cells on tissue repair are largely mediated through paracrine action by nanostructured extracellular vesicles (EVs), which may overcome the limitations of traditional stem cell-based treatments. In addition to stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, the potential therapeutic roles of nonstem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defect repair have also attracted attention from scholars in recent years. Currently, the development of extracellular vesicles-mediated cell-free regenerative medicine is still in the preliminary stage, and the specific mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the authors first review the research progress and possible mechanisms of extracellular vesicles combined with bone tissue engineering scaffolds to promote bone regeneration via bioactive molecules. Engineering modified extracellular vesicles is an emerging component of bone tissue engineering and its main progression and clinical applications will be discussed. Finally, future perspectives and challenges of developing extracellular vesicle-based regenerative medicine will be given. This review may provide a theoretical basis for the future development of extracellular vesicle-based biomedicine and provide clinical references for promoting the repair of critical-size bone defects