39 research outputs found
Assessing r2SCAN meta-GGA functional for structural parameters, cohesive energy, mechanical modulus and thermophysical properties of 3d, 4d and 5d transition metals
The recent development of the accurate and efficient semilocal density
functionals on the third rung of Jacob's ladder of density functional theory
such as the revised regularized strongly constrained and appropriately normed
(r2SCAN) density functional could enable the rapid and highly reliable
prediction of the elasticity and temperature dependence of thermophysical
parameters of refractory elements and their intermetallic compounds using
quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA). Here, we present a comparative evaluation
of the equilibrium cell volumes, cohesive energy, mechanical moduli, and
thermophysical properties (Debye temperature and thermal expansion coefficient)
for 22 transition metals using semilocal density functionals, including local
density approximation (LDA), the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) and PBEsol
generalized gradient approximations (GGA), and the r2SCAN meta-GGA. PBEsol and
r2SCAN deliver the same level of accuracies for structural, mechanical and
thermophysical properties. Otherwise, PBE and r2SCAN perform better than LDA
and PBEsol for calculating cohesive energies of transition metals. Among the
tested density functionals, r2SCAN provides an overall well-balanced
performance for reliably computing the cell volumes, cohesive energies,
mechanical properties, and thermophysical properties of various 3d, 4d, and 5d
transition metals using QHA. Therefore, we recommend that r2SCAN could be
employed as a workhorse method to evaluate the thermophysical properties of
transition metal compounds and alloys in the high throughput workflows
Repair of orbital bone defects in canines using grafts of enriched autologous bone marrow stromal cells
Environmentally vulnerable or sensitive groups exhibiting varying concerns towards air pollution can drive government response to improve air quality
Air pollution seriously threatens human health, and its consequences are particularly prevalent among environmentally vulnerable or sensitive groups. However, whether the concerns among these groups are different and how they affect air pollution governance remain unclear. Here, we extract 3.8 million haze-related posts from China’s Sina Weibo and analyse the concerns raised by these groups by constructing an air pollution notability index. The results show that protection is the key theme for women aged 20-35 years, while elderly individuals are easily influenced by haze-related product ads yet lack awareness of scientific-based protection. Concerns shared by young individuals are more effective in pressuring the government in cities that experience higher levels of pollution. Concerns shared by women are more effective in cities that experience lower levels of pollution. This study evidences the influence of the public concerns conveyed via social media on air pollution governance in China
Descope of the ALIA mission
The present work reports on a feasibility study commissioned by the Chinese
Academy of Sciences of China to explore various possible mission options to
detect gravitational waves in space alternative to that of the eLISA/LISA
mission concept. Based on the relative merits assigned to science and
technological viability, a few representative mission options descoped from the
ALIA mission are considered. A semi-analytic Monte Carlo simulation is carried
out to understand the cosmic black hole merger histories starting from
intermediate mass black holes at high redshift as well as the possible
scientific merits of the mission options considered in probing the light seed
black holes and their coevolution with galaxies in early Universe. The study
indicates that, by choosing the armlength of the interferometer to be three
million kilometers and shifting the sensitivity floor to around one-hundredth
Hz, together with a very moderate improvement on the position noise budget,
there are certain mission options capable of exploring light seed, intermediate
mass black hole binaries at high redshift that are not readily accessible to
eLISA/LISA, and yet the technological requirements seem to within reach in the
next few decades for China
Sciences for The 2.5-meter Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST)
The Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) is a dedicated photometric survey
facility under construction jointly by the University of Science and Technology
of China and Purple Mountain Observatory. It is equipped with a primary mirror
of 2.5m in diameter, an active optical system, and a mosaic CCD camera of 0.73
Gpix on the main focus plane to achieve high-quality imaging over a field of
view of 6.5 square degrees. The installation of WFST in the Lenghu observing
site is planned to happen in the summer of 2023, and the operation is scheduled
to commence within three months afterward. WFST will scan the northern sky in
four optical bands (u, g, r, and i) at cadences from hourly/daily to
semi-weekly in the deep high-cadence survey (DHS) and the wide field survey
(WFS) programs, respectively. WFS reaches a depth of 22.27, 23.32, 22.84, and
22.31 in AB magnitudes in a nominal 30-second exposure in the four bands during
a photometric night, respectively, enabling us to search tremendous amount of
transients in the low-z universe and systematically investigate the variability
of Galactic and extragalactic objects. Intranight 90s exposures as deep as 23
and 24 mag in u and g bands via DHS provide a unique opportunity to facilitate
explorations of energetic transients in demand for high sensitivity, including
the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational-wave events detected by the
second/third-generation GW detectors, supernovae within a few hours of their
explosions, tidal disruption events and luminous fast optical transients even
beyond a redshift of 1. Meanwhile, the final 6-year co-added images,
anticipated to reach g about 25.5 mag in WFS or even deeper by 1.5 mag in DHS,
will be of significant value to general Galactic and extragalactic sciences.
The highly uniform legacy surveys of WFST will also serve as an indispensable
complement to those of LSST which monitors the southern sky.Comment: 46 pages, submitted to SCMP
Gelation Performance and Feasibility Study of an Environmental Friendly Improved Inorganic Aluminum Gel for Conformance Control Under Harsh Reservoir Conditions
Structural, Bonding, Anisotropic Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Al4SiC4 and Al4Si2C5 by First-Principles Investigations
Structural, Mechanical, Thermal and Electronic Properties of Novel Ternary Carbide Al4Si2C5 under High-Pressure by DFT Calculation
Effect of physical properties of Cu-Ni-graphite composites on tribological characteristics by grey correlation analysis
Cu-Ni-graphite composites are intended for using as switch slide baseplates materials in high-speed railways industrials. The tribological characteristics of Cu-Ni-graphite composites with different graphite content were affected by physical properties and were generated variation correspondingly. It is difficult to study the correlation degree between tribological characteristics and physical properties by the means of experiments. However, grey correlation analysis (GCA) is a suitable mathematic method for researching the correlation with each factor. In this study, Cu-Ni-graphite composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and the correlation degree between tribological characteristics (Cu-Ni-graphite composites slid against U75V steel) and physical properties were calculated by GCA method. The results showed that through the calculating by GCA method, compared with physical properties of Cu-Ni-graphite composites, the most effective way to reduce the friction coefficient is to improve the relative density as well as the increasing of hardness can also bring down the friction coefficient usefully. The best way to reduce wear rate is the increasing of work of rupture and flexural strength, when these two properties have a small amount of ascension, the wear rate would be rapidly decreasing. The GCA results could help to improve materials’ performance and give reasonable advices to the following studies. Keywords: Switch slide baseplates, Gray correlation analysis, Cu-Ni-graphite composite
Structural, bonding, anisotropic mechanical and thermal properties of Al4SiC4 and Al4Si2C5 by first-principles investigations
The structural, bonding, electronic, mechanical and thermal properties of ternary aluminum silicon carbides Al4SiC4 and Al4Si2C5 are investigated by first-principles calculations combined with the Debye quasi-harmonic approximation. All the calculated mechanical constants like bulk, shear and Young's modulus are in good agreement with experimental values. Both compounds show distinct anisotropic elastic properties along different crystalline directions, and the intrinsic brittleness of both compounds is also confirmed. The elastic anisotropy of both aluminum silicon carbides originates from their bonding structures. The calculated band gap is obtained as 1.12 and 1.04 eV for Al4SiC4 and Al4Si2C5 respectively. From the total electron density distribution map, the obvious covalent bonds exist between Al and C atoms. A distinct electron density deficiency sits between AlC bond along c axis among Al4SiC4, which leads to its limited tensile strength. Meanwhile, the anisotropy of acoustic velocities for both compounds is also calculated and discussed