16,032 research outputs found
Theory of Interacting Parallel Quantum Wires
We present self-consistent numerical calculations of the electronic structure
of parallel Coulomb-confined quantum wires, based on the Hohenberg-Kohn-Sham
density functional theory of inhomogeneous electron systems. We find that the
corresponding transverse energy levels of two parallel wires lock together when
the wires' widths are similar and their separation is not too small. This
energy level locking is an effect of Coulomb interactions and of the the
density of states singularities that are characteristic of quasi-
one-dimensional Fermionic systems. In dissimilar parallel wires level lockings
are much less likely to occur. Energy level locking in similar wires persists
to quite large wire separations, but is gradually suppressed by inter-wire
tunneling when the separation becomes small. Experimental implications of these
theoretical results are discussed.Comment: RevTeX, 23 papes, 8 compressed tar figures in a separate file, to be
published in the Canadian Journal of Physics
Unsteady loads for coaxial rotors in forward flight computed using a vortex particle method
Recent advances in coaxial rotor design have shown benefits of this configuration. Nevertheless, issues related to rotor-head drag, aerodynamic performance, wake interference, and vibration should also be considered. Simulating the unsteady aerodynamic loads for a coaxial rotor, including the aerodynamic interactions between rotors and rotor blades, is an essential part of analysing their vibration characteristics. In this article, an unsteady aerodynamic analysis based on a vortex particle method is presented. In this method, a reversed-flow model for the retreating side of the coaxial rotor is proposed based on an unsteady panel technique. To account for reversed flow, shedding a vortex from the leading edge is used rather than from the trailing edge. Moreover, vortex-blade aerodynamic interactions are accounted for. The model considers the unsteady pressure term induced on a blade by tip vortices of other blades, and thus accounts for the aerodynamic interaction between the rotors and its contribution to the unsteady airloads. Coupling the reversed-flow model and the vortex-blade aerodynamic interaction model with the viscous vortex-particle method is used to simulate the complex wake of the coaxial rotor. The unsteady aerodynamic loads on the X2 coaxial rotor are simulated in forward flight, and compared with the results of PRASADUM (Parallelized Rotorcraft Analysis for Simulation And Design, developed at the University of Maryland) and CFD/CSD computations with the OVERFLOW and the CREATE-AV Helios tools. The results of the present method agree with the results of the CFD/CSD method, and compare to it better than the PRASADUM solutions. Furthermore, the influence of the aerodynamic interaction between the coaxial rotors on the unsteady airloads, frequency, wake structure, induced flow, and force distributions are analysed. Additionally, the results are also compared against computations for a single-rotor case, simulated at similar conditions as the coaxial rotor. It is shown that the effect of tip vortex interaction plays a significant role in unsteady airloads of coaxial rotors at low speeds, while the rotor blade passing effect is obviously strengthened at high-speed
Simulation of Unsteady Aerdynamic Load for Rigid Coaxial Rotor in Forward Flight with Vortex Particle Method
Co-axial rotor systems are frequently used for high-speed helicopters. Nevertheless, issues related to rotor-head drag,
aerodynamic performance and vibration should also be considered. Simulating the unsteady aerodynamic loads for a rigid
coaxial rotor, including the aerodynamic interactions between rotors and rotor blades, is an essential part of analyzing
their vibration characteristics. In this paper, an unsteady aerodynamic analysis based on the vortex-lattice method is
presented. In this method, a reversed flow model on the retreating side of the coaxial rotor is proposed based on the
unsteady panel method. To account for reversed flow, shedding a vortex from the leading-edge is used rather than from
the trailing-edge. Moreover, vortex-blade aerodynamic interactions are modelled. The model considers the unsteady
pressure term induced on a blade by tip vortices of other blades, and thus accounts for the aerodynamic interaction
between the rotors and its contribution to the unsteady airloads. Coupling the reversed flow model and the vortex-blade
aerodynamic interaction model with a viscous vortex particle method is used to simulate the complex wake of the coaxial
rotor, closing the loop in modelling aerodynamic interactions of coaxial rotors. Following this, the unsteady aerodynamic
loads on the X2 coaxial rotor are simulated in forward flight, and compared with the results of PRASADUM (Parallelized
Rotorcraft Analysis for Simulation And Design, developed at the University of Maryland) and CFD/CSD computations with
the OVERFLOW and the CREATE-AV Helios tools. The results of the present method agree with the results of the
CFD/CSD method, and compare better than the PRASADUM solutions. Furthermore, the influence of the aerodynamic
interaction between the coaxial rotors on the unsteady airloads, frequency, wake structure, induced flow and force
distributions are analyzed. Additionally, the results are also compared against computation for a single rotor case,
simulated at similar conditions as the coaxial rotor. It is shown that the effect of tip vortex interaction plays a significant role
in unsteady airloads of coaxial rotors at low-speeds, while the rotor blade passing effect is obvious strengthened at
high-speed
A robust high-efficiency cross-coupled charge pump circuit without blocking transistors
This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of the following article: Minglin Ma, Xinglong Cai, Yichuang Sun, and Nike George, ‘A robust high-efficiency cross-coupled charge pump circuit without blocking transistors’, Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, Vol. 95 (3): 395-401, June 2018. Under embargo until 16 March 2019. The final publication is available at Springer via: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-018-1149-xA fully integrated cross-coupled charge pump circuit with a new clock scheme has been presented in this paper. The new clock scheme ensures that all NMOS pre-charge transistors are turned off when the voltages of main clock signals are high. Notably, all PMOS transfer transistors will be turned off when the voltages of the main clock signals are low. As a result, the charge pump eliminates all of the reversion power loss and reduces the ripple voltage. The proposed charge pump has a better performance even in scenarios where the main clock signals are mismatched. The proposed charge pump circuit was simulated using spectre in the TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS process. The simulation results show that the proposed charge pump circuit has a high voltage conversion efficiency and low ripple voltage.Peer reviewe
Neutrino Spectra from Nuclear Weak Interactions in -Shell Nuclei Under Astrophysical Conditions
We present shell model calculations of nuclear neutrino energy spectra for 70
-shell nuclei over the mass number range . Our calculations
include nuclear excited states as appropriate for the hot and dense conditions
characteristic of pre-collapse massive stars. We consider neutrinos produced by
charged lepton captures and decays and, for the first time in tabular form,
neutral current nuclear deexcitation, providing neutrino energy spectra on the
Fuller-Fowler-Newman temperature-density grid for these interaction channels
for each nucleus. We use the full -shell model space to compute initial
nuclear states up to 20 MeV excitation with transitions to final states up to
35-40 MeV, employing a modification of the Brink-Axel hypothesis to handle high
temperature population factors and the nuclear partition functions.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. Until data available at JINA-CEE, contact GWM
for spectra data file
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Theory of the perceived motion direction of equal-spatial-frequency plaid stimuli.
At an early stage, 3 different systems independently extract visual motion information from visual inputs. At later stages, these systems combine their outputs. Here, we consider a much studied (>650 publications) class of visual stimuli, plaids, which are combinations of 2 sine waves. Currently, there is no quantitative theory that can account for the perceived motion of plaids. We consider only perceived plaid direction, not speed, and obtain a large set of data exploring the various dimensions in which same-spatial-frequency plaids differ. We find that only 2 of the 3 motion systems are active in plaid processing, and that plaids with temporal frequencies 10 Hz or greater typically stimulate only the first-order motion system, which combines the plaid components by vector summation: Each plaid component is represented by a contrast-strength vector whose length is contrast-squared times a factor representing the relative effectiveness of that component's temporal frequency. The third-order system, which becomes primary at low temporal frequencies, also represents a plaid as 2 vectors that sum according to their contrast strength: a pure plaid in which both components have equal contrast and a residual sine wave. Second-order motion is irrelevant for these plaids. These principles enable a contrast-strength-vector summation theory for the responses of the first-order and third-order motion systems. With zero parameters estimated from the data, the theory captures the essence of the full range of the plaid data and supports the counterintuitive hypothesis that motion direction is processed independently of speed at early stages of visual processing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)
A Novel Network NOMA Scheme for Downlink Coordinated Three-Point Systems
In this paper, we propose a network non-orthogonal multiple access (N-NOMA)
technique for the downlink coordinated multipoint (CoMP) communication scenario
of a cellular network, with randomly deployed users. In the considered N-NOMA
scheme, superposition coding (SC) is employed to serve cell-edge users as well
as users close to base stations (BSs) simultaneously, and distributed analog
beamforming by the BSs to meet the cell-edge user's quality of service (QoS)
requirements. The combination of SC and distributed analog beamforming
significantly complicates the expressions for the
signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the reveiver, which makes the
performance analysis particularly challenging. However, by using rational
approximations, insightful analytical results are obtained in order to
characterize the outage performance of the considered N-NOMA scheme. Computer
simulation results are provided to show the superior performance of the
proposed scheme as well as to demonstrate the accuracy of the analytical
results
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High-capacity preconscious processing in concurrent groupings of colored dots.
Grouping is a perceptual process in which a subset of stimulus components (a group) is selected for a subsequent-typically implicit-perceptual computation. Grouping is a critical precursor to segmenting objects from the background and ultimately to object recognition. Here, we study grouping by color. We present subjects with 300-ms exposures of 12 dots colored with the same but unknown identical color interspersed among 14 dots of seven different colors. To indicate grouping, subjects point-click the remembered centroid ("center of gravity") of the set of homogeneous dots, of heterogeneous dots, or of all dots. Subjects accurately judge all of these centroids. Furthermore, after a single stimulus exposure, subjects can judge both the heterogeneous and homogeneous centroids, that is, subjects simultaneously group by similarity and by dissimilarity. The centroid paradigm reveals the relative weight of each dot among targets and distractors to the underlying grouping process, offering a more detailed, quantitative description of grouping than was previously possible. A change detection experiment reveals that conscious memory contains less than two dots and their locations, whereas an ideal detector would have to perfectly process at least 15 of 26 dots to match the subjects' centroid judgments-indicating an extraordinary capacity for preconscious grouping. A different color set yielded identical results. Grouping theories that rely on predefined feature maps would fail to explain these results. Rather, the results indicate that preconscious grouping is automatic, flexible, and rapid, and a far more complex process than previously believed
A Novel Millimeter-Wave Channel Simulator and Applications for 5G Wireless Communications
This paper presents details and applications of a novel channel simulation
software named NYUSIM, which can be used to generate realistic temporal and
spatial channel responses to support realistic physical- and link-layer
simulations and design for fifth-generation (5G) cellular communications.
NYUSIM is built upon the statistical spatial channel model for broadband
millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communication systems developed by
researchers at New York University (NYU). The simulator is applicable for a
wide range of carrier frequencies (500 MHz to 100 GHz), radio frequency (RF)
bandwidths (0 to 800 MHz), antenna beamwidths (7 to 360 degrees for azimuth and
7 to 45 degrees for elevation), and operating scenarios (urban microcell, urban
macrocell, and rural macrocell), and also incorporates multiple-input
multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays at the transmitter and receiver. This
paper also provides examples to demonstrate how to use NYUSIM for analyzing
MIMO channel conditions and spectral efficiencies, which show that NYUSIM is an
alternative and more realistic channel model compared to the 3rd Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP) and other channel models for mmWave bands.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, in 2017 IEEE International Conference on
Communications (ICC), Paris, May 201
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