The value of cotton seed meal as a stock food

Citation: Jones, Charles Sumner. The value of cotton seed meal as a stock food. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1906.Morse Department of Special CollectionsIntroduction: The three most important principles which must be supplied in stock feed are protein, carbohydrates and fat. In most feeds fed today the two latter principles can be very easily supplied in feeds such as corn, which is the most universal feed used today, but this feed is very poor in protein which is a very important part of a ration and which costs the most. But the part of the feed which must be supplied to a feeding ration if a balanced rat ion is to be fed. The balanced ration rot only causes the animal to make better gains when in the feed lot but also keeps them in better health and they are more resistant to disease. The problem then that confronts the stockmen is, How can protein be added to the feed with a minimum cost. Linseed Meal, bran, and dried blood contain a large percent of this substance, but on account of the great demands for these substances, the price has risen so high that the average stockmen cannot afford to feed them. So some other source must be resorted to, and here is where cotton seed meal comes in to help out the stockmen. This meal is made every year in large Quantities at the southern oil mills and can be bought at a moderate price, about $25 per ton. No other food contains as much digestible protein pound for pound as does cotton seed meal. So if cotton seed meal does cost as much as oil meal or some of the other protein feeds it will pay to buy the cotton seed meal as we get much more protein than we would in the same weight of oil meal. Recent experiments have been conducted in feeding this concentrated feed to various domestic animals. The results of some of some of the most recent work along this line will be given in the following lines. Also some of the most recent conclusions reached in regard to the value of Cotton seed meal as a stock food

Child Poverty, Evidence and Policy

This book is about the ideas, networks and institutions that shape the development of evidence about child poverty and wellbeing, and the use of such evidence in development policy debates

Child Poverty, Evidence and Policy

This book is about the ideas, networks and institutions that shape the development of evidence about child poverty and wellbeing, and the use of such evidence in development policy debates

Development of a RN Clinical Coach program to improve retention of ICU residents and fellows

Development of a RN Clinical Coach program to improve retention of ICU residents and fellowsBackground:The COVID-19 pandemic caused contributed to significant increases in ICU nurse turnover. To restore the ICU nursing workforce and rebuild a healthy work environment, evidence-based strategies are needed to provide social support and ongoing clinical skills development for large cohorts of ICU residents and fellows.Purpose:The purpose of the Clinical Coach program was to increase retention of ICU residents and fellows and foster a healthy work environment at a ministry in Southern California.Methods:In September 2021 the ICU manager at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center (PSJMC) hired 18 RN residents (n=11) and fellows (n=7) as the January 2022 cohort. Acknowledging the challenges of such a large cohort, the manager brainstormed with her team to identify innovative strategies to ensure their success. A literature review was conducted to identify factors contributing to successful transition into ICU nursing practice. Evidence demonstrated the most important factor was having a designated support person. The Clinical Nurse Transition Program at Yale New Haven Health system was identified as an exemplar for a similar program at PSJMC. A team of PSJMC ICU nurses and leaders met with the Yale New Haven team to learn about their program and later convened to develop a program with the resources available locally. The team adopted the American Nurses’ Association Healthy Work Environment (HWE) Model as the theoretical framework for the program. The HWE model consists of six standards: skilled communication, true collaboration, effective-decision making, appropriate staffing, authentic leadership, and meaningful recognition. Six experienced preceptors were selected and trained to become clinical coaches to advance the HWE model and support the new nurses. In May 2022, the January cohort completed their formal preceptorship and began independent practice. At that time, the clinical coaches stepped in, providing up to four hours each weekly of dedicated time on the unit with the new nurses. During the encounters, the coaches provided at the elbow clinical support and debriefing on past challenging experiences. Visits were structured to reinforce clinical skills and address the HWE standards. The coaches submitted a brief report on the coaching sessions to a REDCap instrument that could be used to track encounters and identify common trends.Results:More than 250 coaching sessions from three cohorts have been recorded in 2022.100% of RN residents and 85% of RN fellows from the January cohort have been retained.Conclusion:The Clinical Coach program has contributed to retention of RN residents and fellows. New ICU nurses are at risk for becoming overwhelmed and leaving the clinical setting, exacerbating existing staffing challenges.Experienced preceptors may be key resources to support the ongoing clinical and social needs of new nurses after preceptorship.Implications for practiceInpatient units with limited preceptor resources who must onboard large cohorts of new nurses should consider partnering with experienced preceptors to identify unit-specific clinical and unit culture needs and develop a similar program for their specialties. The healthy work environment model provides a structured approach for coach/new nurse encounters

FeH Absorption in the Near-Infrared Spectra of Late M and L Dwarfs

We present medium-resolution z-, J-, and H-band spectra of four late-type dwarfs with spectral types ranging from M8 to L7.5. In an attempt to determine the origin of numerous weak absorption features throughout their near-infrared spectra, and motivated by the recent tentative identification of the E 4\Pi- A ^4\Pi system of FeH near 1.6 microns in umbral and cool star spectra, we have compared the dwarf spectra to a laboratory FeH emission spectrum. We have identified nearly 100 FeH absorption features in the z-, J-, and H-band spectra of the dwarfs. In particular, we have identified 34 features which dominate the appearance of the H-band spectra of the dwarfs and which appear in the laboratory FeH spectrum. Finally, all of the features are either weaker or absent in the spectrum of the L7.5 dwarf which is consistent with the weakening of the known FeH bandheads in the spectra of the latest L dwarfs.Comment: accepted by Ap

Comparison of pre-emptive and reactive strategies to control an incursion of bluetongue virus serotype 1 to Great Britain by vaccination.

Bluetongue (BT) is a disease of ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), which is spread between its hosts by Culicoides midges. Vaccination is the most effective way to protect susceptible animals against BTV and was used reactively to control the recent northern European outbreak. To assess the consequences of using vaccination pre-emptively we used a stochastic, spatially explicit model to compare reactive and pre-emptive vaccination strategies against an incursion of BTV serotype 1 (BTV-1) into Great Britain. Both pre-emptive and reactive vaccination significantly reduced the number of affected farms and limited host morbidity and mortality. In addition, vaccinating prior to the introduction of disease reduced the probability of an outbreak occurring. Of the strategies simulated, widespread reactive vaccination resulted in the lowest levels of morbidity. The predicted effects of vaccination were found to be sensitive to vaccine efficacy but not to the choice of transmission kernel

Environmental Performance and Sustainability of Bioretention Cells

Bioretention cells use vegetation and soil media for source control of urban stormwater runoff, alleviating waterway impairment. Environmental performance of two cells was investigated. First, a cell capturing road runoff was monitored for one year. At a second cell, media were sampled to measure lifetime metal accumulation and evaluate the environmental, health, and maintenance implications of metal sequestration. Monitoring found high metal and suspended solids removal, generally poor nutrient performance, and chloride export. Runoff volume and peak flow rate reduction occurred for small storm events. For larger events, outflow volume consistently exceeded inflow because of unique site conditions. Lead, copper, and zinc media concentrations in the second cell were elevated but well below cleanup thresholds. Metals were strongly bound to bioretention media and largely immobile; lead bioavailability was comparable to generic soil estimates. Most metal accumulation was near the inflow point in the top 3 to 12 cm of media

Developing a Web Analytics Strategy for the National Science Digital Library

In August 2004, a two-day workshop was held on Developing a Web Analytics Strategy for the National Science Digital Library (NSDL) . The workshop was sponsored by the NSDL Educational Impact and Evaluation Standing Committee (EIESC) and was jointly organized with the NSDL Technology Standing Committee (TSC). It brought together 26 representatives from government and industry, as well as some of the projects funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) NSDL program, to discuss how web metrics could be implemented in a pilot study to identify current NSDL use and develop strategies to support the collection of usage data across NSDL in the future. This new pilot follows a study that the EIESC conducted in 2002 to identify and collect basic web metrics data for NSDL.A bibliography on web metrics was prepared and distributed to the participants of the 2004 workshop. During the workshop, participants first reviewed the processes and technology used to gather web metrics data by two different organizations: the Association of Research Libraries E-Metrics Project and Sun Microsystems. Through a series of breakout and plenary sessions, participants identified high-level goals for the new pilot study, formulated and prioritized a list of desired effects and requirements for collecting web metrics across NSDL, and developed recommendations for implementing web metrics data collection on a project and program level. The workshop concluded with the EIESC and TSC establishing a joint taskforce to lead the pilot study in NSDL over the next year. Web analytics will be used to address two high-level goals. That high quality learning resources be accessible to a large spectrum of the US population That there be value added to users and projects by participating in NSDL.This workshop report provides a brief history of previous evaluation activities across NSDL and discusses the importance of web analytics to NSDL. After a review of the literature on web metrics, the report identifies cross-cutting issues that affect implementing web metrics in the upcoming pilot study (e.g., build vs. buy, data ownership and storage, organizational structure that supports ongoing data collection, user privacy); describes the goals and requirements for the pilot study; and lists near term action items for the joint task force. Documents from the workshop, including a preliminary report entitled Workshop on Web Metrics in NSDL , slides from ARL and Sun Microsystems presentations, participant statements and the web metrics bibliography can be found on the workshop website

Digital screen use for a road safety campaign message was not associated with attitudes or knowledge of passers-by: an experimental study

Introduction: Recent evidence suggests fatality risks for cyclists may be increasing in Britain. Understanding how to increase levels of cycling while keeping risk low is paramount. Educating drivers about cyclists may help with road safety, and mass-media messaging is a possible avenue, potentially utilizing digital displays screens in public areas. However, no studies have examined the use of these screens for road safety campaigns.  Methods: A quasi-experiment was conducted to examine if digital screens may be effective to raise awareness of a campaign message and encourage recall of car drivers. A digital campaign image was selected that encouraged car drivers and cyclists to ‘look out for each other,’ and stated than 80% of cyclists owned a driving license. Views and knowledge on driver priorities around cyclists were examined before (control) and after campaign exposure (intervention), and tested using regression modelling.  Results: 364 people were interviewed over five days. Those interviewed on intervention days were more likely to rank ‘Look out for cyclists’ as being more important compared to those interviewed on control days (OR 1.20), but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.355). Those who said they had seen the image did not rank ‘Look out for cyclists’ higher than those who said they had not seen it (p = 0.778). The disparity between reported and displayed percentage of cyclists with a driving license did not differ between intervention and control days, but was 8% higher amongst those who claimed to have seen the image (p = 0.026).  Conclusions: We did not find strong evidence that use of an image on digital screens increased public awareness or recall of a casualty reduction campaign message. Work is needed to investigate the effects of longer-term exposure to road safety images. Practical Applications: Short-term use of digital signage is not recommended for raising awareness of road safety campaigns

Face processing in autism spectrum disorder re-evaluated through diffusion models

Objective: Research using cognitive or perceptual tasks in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often relies on mean reaction time (RT) and accuracy derived from alternative-forced choice paradigms. However, these measures can confound differences in task-related processing efficiency with caution (i.e., preference for speed or accuracy). We examined whether computational models of decision-making allow these components to be isolated. Method: Using data from two face-processing tasks (face recognition and egocentric eye-gaze discrimination), we explored whether adolescents with ASD and wide-ranging intellectual ability differed from an age and IQ matched comparison group on model parameters that are thought to represent processing efficiency, caution, and perceptual encoding/motor output speed. Results: We found evidence that autistic adolescents had lower processing efficiency and caution but did not differ from nonautistic adolescents in the time devoted to perceptual encoding/motor output. These results were more consistent across tasks when we only analyzed participants with IQ above 85. Cross-task correlations suggested that processing efficiency and caution parameters were relatively stable across individuals and tasks. Furthermore, logistic classification with model parameters improved discrimination between individuals with and without ASD relative to classification using mean RT and accuracy. Finally, previous research has found that ADHD symptoms are associated with lower processing efficiency, and we observed a similar relationship in our sample, but only for autistic adolescents. Conclusions: Together, these results suggest that models of decision-making could provide both better discriminability between autistic and nonautistic individuals on cognitive tasks and also a more specific understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving these differences