Tribal Relation to Spatio-Temporal Variation of Wild Mushrooms in Eastern Lateritic Part of India

Mushroom is one of the most significant biodiversity components for both ecological and economic point of view. It deserves not only the good sources of nutrients, medicine but also has key function in nutrient recycling and niche for several animal resources.  Eastern lateritic part of India with its distinct seasonality and undulated topography, harbours mosaic macro fungal resources on the forest floors with distinct spatio-temporal variation. Among 18 species related to tribal use, the most usable species were Astraeus hygrometricus Amanita vaginata var. alba, Amanita banangiana, Russula Nigerians, Termitomyces eurhizus, Termitomyces microcarpus etc. During monsoon and post monsoon period, second half of August is the optimum time for 11 wild edible mushrooms. Out of total production 47.2% production was taken place at that time. These regions with its tribal population, especially the Santals in the forest fringes, were very potential for traditional knowledge related to mushrooms. This paper deals with ethnic pattern of utilization in relation to spatio-temporal distribution of macro fungal diversity, its habitat and traditional tribal knowledge in ecology, use and others

Patient-Ventilator Asynchrony: Etiology and Solutions

Patient-ventilator asynchrony is one of the most cited reasons for giving sedation during mechanical ventilation. Various studies show that 40-50% of increase in sedative dosing is done to curb asynchrony. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) network protocol for lung protective ventilation directs the clinician to adjust the ventilator settings or give sedation when there are more than three breaths stacking (double triggers) per minute. This review article discusses the etiology behind patient-ventilator asynchrony and the proposed solutions

COVID-19 : EFFECT ON LUNG CANCER PROGRESS

The advent of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused confusion, changed people's living conditions, including commuting restrictions, fear of disease transmission, The corona virus is  "Aladdin's meracle lamp" for lungs cancer, this is a huge curse for lung cancer patients. As the Root of entry of Virus is Respiratory tract,Complicaion arises in lungs. The risk of chemotherapy-related infections increases for such patients.  "Targeted therapy is generally safe while the potential interaction between immunotherapy and COVID-19 remains unknown at present”. The Present article focus on Different Immunological fact related to COVID-19 and Physiological degradation of Lungs by Corona Virus and Effect on Lung cancer

Second Generation Integrated Combined Heat And Power Engine Generator And Liquid Desiccant System

ABSTRACT The Combined Heat and Power (CHP) concept is aptly suited to improve or eliminate some of the global and local issues concerning electric commercial buildings. CHP involves on-site or near-site generation of electricity by using gas-fired equipment along with utilization of thermal energy available from the power generation process. CHP has the potential of providing a 30% improvement over conventional power plant efficiency and a CO 2 emissions reduction of 45% or more. In addition, an overall total system efficiency of 80% can be achieved because of the utilization of thermal energy, that would otherwise be wasted, and the reduction of transmission, distribution and energy conversion losses. CHP technology also makes cost savings possible by reducing high summertime electrical demand charges while at the same time providing necessary space heating and cooling. Savings are further increased in applications where waste heat can replace electric heating. Moreover, CHP has the ability to address indoor air quality issues when utilizing a desiccant dehumidifier by providing direct humidity control and consequently reducing the potential for mold and bacteria development. Because power generation is done on-site, CHP provides control in meeting a building's electrical needs and also provides an increased level of reliability to ensure high employee productivity. The current research is being carried out in a four -story commercial office building that has been established as the CHP research and demonstration facility on the campus of the University of Maryland in College Park, MD, USA. The 52,700 square feet administrative building includes two heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) zones of equal area where zone 1 includes the first and second floors and zone 2 includes the second and third floors. This has facilitated the installation of two different CHP systems for the two zones. The research in this paper discusses about the CHP system catering to zone 1. This paper describes a second generation CHP system involving the integration of a new 75 kW commercial engine generator with the existing liquid desiccant system. The engine generator is connected parallel to the grid for supplying 75 kW of electrical power to the building while the combined waste heat recovered from the exhaust gases as well as the jacket water from the engine is used to heat a 50:50 ethyl glycolwater loop through a packaged heat recovery system. This recovered heat is then used for the regeneration of the lithium chloride solution in a liquid desiccant system and the ethyl glycol -water solution is returned back to the engine. The liquid desiccant system reduces the latent load of the ventilation air entering the roof top unit. Technical challenges concerning electrical and control aspects that were related to modifications of the original CHP system are described and improvements to the original system design and performance are evaluated. The paper then discusses the experimental results obtained with first generation CHP system and its overall performance

"The fruits of independence": Satyajit Ray, Indian nationhood and the spectre of empire

Challenging the longstanding consensus that Satyajit Ray's work is largely free of ideological concerns and notable only for its humanistic richness, this article shows with reference to representations of British colonialism and Indian nationhood that Ray's films and stories are marked deeply and consistently by a distinctively Bengali variety of liberalism. Drawn from an ongoing biographical project, it commences with an overview of the nationalist milieu in which Ray grew up and emphasizes the preoccupation with colonialism and nationalism that marked his earliest unfilmed scripts. It then shows with case studies of Kanchanjangha (1962), Charulata (1964), First Class Kamra (First-Class Compartment, 1981), Pratidwandi (The Adversary, 1970), Shatranj ke Khilari (The Chess Players, 1977), Agantuk (The Stranger, 1991) and Robertsoner Ruby (Robertson's Ruby, 1992) how Ray's mature work continued to combine a strongly anti-colonial viewpoint with a shifting perspective on Indian nationhood and an unequivocal commitment to cultural cosmopolitanism. Analysing how Ray articulated his ideological positions through the quintessentially liberal device of complexly staged debates that were apparently free, but in fact closed by the scenarist/director on ideologically specific notes, this article concludes that Ray's reputation as an all-forgiving, ‘everybody-has-his-reasons’ humanist is based on simplistic or even tendentious readings of his work

Chikungunya Infection in India: Results of a Prospective Hospital Based Multi-Centric Study

Chikungunya (CHIKV) has recently seen a re-emergence in India with high morbidity. However, the epidemiology and disease burden remain largely undetermined. A prospective multi-centric study was conducted to evaluate clinical, epidemiological and virological features of chikugunya infection in patients with acute febrile illness from various geographical regions of India.A total of 540 patients with fever of up to 7days duration were enrolled at Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Karnataka (South); Sawai Man Singh Medical College (SMS) Rajasthan (West), and All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi (North) from June 2008 to May 2009. Serum specimens were screened for chikungunya infection concurrently through RT-PCR and serology (IgM). Phylogenetic analysis was performed using Bioedit and Mega2 programs. Chikungunya infection was detected in 25.37% patients by RT-PCR and/or IgM-ELISA. Highest cases were detected in south (49.36%) followed by west (16.28%) and north (0.56%) India. A difference in proportion of positives by RT-PCR/ELISA with regard to duration of fever was observed (p<0.05). Rashes, joint pain/swelling, abdominal pain and vomiting was frequently observed among chikungunya confirmed cases (p<0.05). Adults were affected more than children. Anti-CHIK antibodies (IgM) were detected for more than 60days of fever onset. Phylogenetic analysis based on E1 gene from KIMS patients (n = 15) revealed ∼99% homology clustering with Central/East African genotype. An amino acid change from lysine to glutamine at position 132 of E1 gene was frequently observed among strains infecting children.The study documented re-emergence of chikungunya in high frequencies and severe morbidity in south and west India but rare in north. The study emphasizes the need for continuous surveillance for disease burden using multiple diagnostic tests and also warrants the need for an appropriate molecular diagnostic for early detection of chikungunya virus

Outcome effectiveness of the severe sepsis resuscitation bundle with addition of lactate clearance as a bundle item: a multi-national evaluation

10.1186/cc10469Critical Care155R22

Preliminary Design of the SAFE Platform

Safe is a clean-slate design for a secure host architecture. It integrates advances in programming languages, operating systems, and hardware and incorporates formal methods at every step. Though the project is still at an early stage, we have assembled a set of basic architectural choices that we believe will yield a high-assurance system. We sketch the current state of the design and discuss several of these choices