Immunohistochemical identification of primary peritoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma mimicking advanced colorectal carcinoma: a case report

Primary peritoneal cystadenocarcinoma is a rare tumor of similar histogenic origin as primary ovarian carcinoma. We present a case of primary peritoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma mimicking advanced colorectal cancer in a 68 yr-old African American female. Radiology, endoscopy and cytology yielded only inconclusive findings. Immunohistochemical analysis of percutaneously obtained ascitic fluid provided a correct diagnosis of primary peritoneal cystadenocarcinoma. The discovery of serous ascites at the time of laparotomy confirmed a diagnosis of primary peritoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma. Final surgical pathology reconfirmed the diagnosis of primary peritoneal cystadenocarcinoma. This case demonstrates the utility of immunohistochemistry for accurately diagnosing patients with inconclusive findings in the setting of peritoneal carcinomatosis and primary peritoneal cystadenocarcinoma

Molecular Docking of Known Carcinogen 4- (Methyl-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) with Cyclin Dependent Kinases towards Its Potential Role in Cell Cycle Perturbation

Cell cycle is maintained almost all the times and is controlled by various regulatory proteins and their complexes (Cdk+Cyclin) in different phases of interphase (G1, S and G2) and mitosis of cell cycle. A number of mechanisms have been proposed for the initiation and progression of carcinogenesis by abruption in cell cycle process. One of the important features of cancer/carcinogenesis is functional loss of these cell cycle regulatory proteins particularly in CDKs and cyclins. We hypothesize that there is a direct involvement of these cell cycle regulatory proteins not only at the genetic level but also proteins level, during the initiation of carcinogenesis. Therefore, it becomes significant to determine inconsistency in the functioning of regulatory proteins due to interaction with carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Hence, we investigated the interaction efficiency of NNK, against cell cycle regulatory proteins. We found a different value of ΔG (free energy of binding) among the studied proteins ranging between -3.29 to -7.25 kcal/mol was observed. To validate the results, we considered Human Oxy-Hemoglobin at 1.25 Å Resolution, [PDB_ID:1HHO] as a +ve control, (binding energy -6.06 kcal/mol). Finally, the CDK8 (PDB_ID:3RGF) and CDK2 (PDB_ID:3DDP) regulatory proteins showing significantly strong molecular interaction with NNK -7.25 kcal/mol, -6.19 kcal/mol respectively were analyzed in details. In this study we predicted that CDK8 protein fails to form functional complex with its complementary partner cyclin C in presence of NNK. Consequently, inconsistency of functioning in regulatory proteins might lead to the abruption in cell cycle progression; contribute to the loss of cell cycle control and subsequently increasing the possibility of carcinogenesis

Whole-body tissue stabilization and selective extractions via tissue-hydrogel hybrids for high-resolution intact circuit mapping and phenotyping

To facilitate fine-scale phenotyping of whole specimens, we describe here a set of tissue fixation-embedding, detergent-clearing and staining protocols that can be used to transform excised organs and whole organisms into optically transparent samples within 1–2 weeks without compromising their cellular architecture or endogenous fluorescence. PACT (passive CLARITY technique) and PARS (perfusion-assisted agent release in situ) use tissue-hydrogel hybrids to stabilize tissue biomolecules during selective lipid extraction, resulting in enhanced clearing efficiency and sample integrity. Furthermore, the macromolecule permeability of PACT- and PARS-processed tissue hybrids supports the diffusion of immunolabels throughout intact tissue, whereas RIMS (refractive index matching solution) grants high-resolution imaging at depth by further reducing light scattering in cleared and uncleared samples alike. These methods are adaptable to difficult-to-image tissues, such as bone (PACT-deCAL), and to magnified single-cell visualization (ePACT). Together, these protocols and solutions enable phenotyping of subcellular components and tracing cellular connectivity in intact biological networks

Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Carissa carandas (Auct.) Leaves Extract in Egg Yolk Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

The  Purpose  of  this  study  was  to  examine  the  lipid  lowering  activity  of  aqueous:  ethanol  (1:1)  extract  of Carissa  carandas  in  Egg  yolk  induced  hyperlipidemic  rats.  A  highly  significant  increase  in  the  weight  of  group C (High cholesterol  diet)  rats  was  observed  when  compared  with  control  group N (P<0.01).  The  extract  caused  a  significant reduction  in  body  weight,  Cholesterol,  Triglycerides,  HDL  and  LDL  in  hyperlipidemic  rats.  Histopathological  changes induced by  high cholesterol diet were  also significantly reduced by the  extract. The  activity of  ethanol  and water extract of C. carandas was comparable to that of atorvastatin

Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Carissa carandas (Auct.) Leaves Extract in Egg Yolk Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

The  Purpose  of  this  study  was  to  examine  the  lipid  lowering  activity  of  aqueous:  ethanol  (1:1)  extract  of Carissa  carandas  in  Egg  yolk  induced  hyperlipidemic  rats.  A  highly  significant  increase  in  the  weight  of  group C (High cholesterol  diet)  rats  was  observed  when  compared  with  control  group N (P<0.01).  The  extract  caused  a  significant reduction  in  body  weight,  Cholesterol,  Triglycerides,  HDL  and  LDL  in  hyperlipidemic  rats.  Histopathological  changes induced by  high cholesterol diet were  also significantly reduced by the  extract. The  activity of  ethanol  and water extract of C. carandas was comparable to that of atorvastatin