4,251 research outputs found
Cross-waves induced by the vertical oscillation of a fully immersed vertical plate
Capillary waves excited by the vertical oscillations of a thin elongated
plate below an air-water interface are analyzed using time-resolved
measurements of the surface topography. A parametric instability is observed
above a well defined acceleration threshold, resulting in a so-called
cross-wave, a staggered wave pattern localized near the wavemaker and
oscillating at half the forcing frequency. This cross-wave, which is stationary
along the wavemaker but propagative away from it, is described as the
superposition of two almost anti-parallel propagating parametric waves making a
small angle of the order of with the wavemaker edge. This
contrasts with the classical Faraday parametric waves, which are exactly
stationnary because of the homogeneity of the forcing. Our observations suggest
that the selection of the cross-wave angle results from a resonant mechanism
between the two parametric waves and a characteristic length of the surface
deformation above the wavemaker.Comment: to appear in Physics of Fluid
Classification of Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence Images Using Convolutional Neural Network
Images are an important data source for diagnosis and treatment of oral
diseases. The manual classification of images may lead to misdiagnosis or
mistreatment due to subjective errors. In this paper an image classification
model based on Convolutional Neural Network is applied to Quantitative
Light-induced Fluorescence images. The deep neural network outperforms other
state of the art shallow classification models in predicting labels derived
from three different dental plaque assessment scores. The model directly
benefits from multi-channel representation of the images resulting in improved
performance when, besides the Red colour channel, additional Green and Blue
colour channels are used.Comment: Full version of ICANN 2017 submissio
Prevalence of Muscle Dysmorphia and Associated Health Activities in Male Medical Students in Karachi, Pakistan
Background: Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) is a subtype of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and is currently classified under anxiety disorders (subheading: Obsessive-compulsive disorder) in DSM 5. MD is hypothesized to affect the self-esteem and social outlook of the younger generation. MD shows a higher rate in males and may influence their self-confidence rendering them more prone towards using steroids, supplementary proteins and other drugs to alter their physical outlooks as shown in previous studies. This problem has been on the rise lately due to revolutionary advancement in the media and film industry and the abrupt changes about the standards of physical good looks and body shapes. With the lack of studies done in our population, our study will be helpful to consider the prevalence of the disease in our setting and increase awareness in the general public and clinicians. We hope to help clinicians/ therapists find better options in managing the disease.
Materials: We performed a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 246 medical school students in Karachi to collect data through self-administered questionnaires. We used the DSM 5 criteria for the diagnosis of BDD and additional questions on the presence of MD. Nutritional habits, exercise routines, use of supplements and drugs were also obtained for exploratory analysis.
Results: Our study predicted the prevalence of MD to be 25%. Other main findings included statistical significant associations between MD and the thoughts and practice of steroid use for muscularity.
Conclusion: MD is an underdiagnosed and often unrecognized disease that we believe has significant consequences for the young male population. Further work is needed on this in our part of the world. Our research, we believe, can be a stepping stone for further studies that would incorporate wider populations
Structural health monitoring (SHM) for composite structure undergoing tensile and thermal testing
Application of ultrasonic guided waves generated by piezoelectric smart transducers has become one of the widely-used techniques in structural health monitoring. This technique has led to significant improvements and profound effects in the field of aircraft reliability and safety. Lamb wave propagation on composite plate-like structure undergoing mechanical testing is investigated in the paper. Smart PZT actuator/sensor is bonded on the carbon-fiber and glassfiber epoxy composites, which are subjected to tensile and thermal stress tests. The acquired results indicate the changes in scattering waves in composites materials due to the applied thermal and tensile force. Wavelet analysis was incorporated in this research work in order to distinguish different structural status
Addressing Uncertainty in Imbalanced Histopathology Image Classification of HER2 Breast Cancer: An interpretable Ensemble Approach with Threshold Filtered Single Instance Evaluation (SIE)
Breast Cancer (BC) is among women's most lethal health concerns. Early
diagnosis can alleviate the mortality rate by helping patients make efficient
treatment decisions. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER2) has become
one the most lethal subtype of BC. According to the College of American
Pathologists/American Society of Clinical Oncology (CAP/ASCO), the severity
level of HER2 expression can be classified between 0 and 3+ range. HER2 can be
detected effectively from immunohistochemical (IHC) and, hematoxylin \& eosin
(HE) images of different classes such as 0, 1+, 2+, and 3+. An ensemble
approach integrated with threshold filtered single instance evaluation (SIE)
technique has been proposed in this study to diagnose BC from the
multi-categorical expression of HER2 subtypes. Initially, DenseNet201 and
Xception have been ensembled into a single classifier as feature extractors
with an effective combination of global average pooling, dropout layer, dense
layer with a swish activation function, and l2 regularizer, batch
normalization, etc. After that, extracted features has been processed through
single instance evaluation (SIE) to determine different confidence levels and
adjust decision boundary among the imbalanced classes. This study has been
conducted on the BC immunohistochemical (BCI) dataset, which is classified by
pathologists into four stages of HER2 BC. This proposed approach known as
DenseNet201-Xception-SIE with a threshold value of 0.7 surpassed all other
existing state-of-art models with an accuracy of 97.12\%, precision of 97.15\%,
and recall of 97.68\% on H\&E data and, accuracy of 97.56\%, precision of
97.57\%, and recall of 98.00\% on IHC data respectively, maintaining momentous
improvement. Finally, Grad-CAM and Guided Grad-CAM have been employed in this
study to interpret, how TL-based model works on the histopathology dataset and
make decisions from the data
Improved planning abilities in binge eating.
OBJECTIVE: The role of planning in binge eating episodes is unknown. We investigated the characteristics of planning associated with food cues in binging patients. We studied planning based on backward reasoning, reasoning that determines a sequence of actions back to front from the final outcome. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 20 healthy participants, 20 bulimia nervosa (BN), 22 restrictive (ANR) and 23 binging anorexia nervosa (ANB), without any concomitant impulsive disorder. In neutral/relaxing, binge food and stressful conditions, backward reasoning was assessed with the Race game, promotion of delayed large rewards with an intertemporal discounting task, attention with the Simon task, and repeating a dominant behavior with the Go/No-go task. RESULTS: BN and to a lower extent ANB patients succeeded more at the Race game in food than in neutral condition. This difference discriminated binging from non-binging participants. Backward reasoning in the food condition was associated with lower approach behavior toward food in BN patients, and higher food avoidance in ANB patients. Enhanced backward reasoning in the food condition related to preferences for delayed large rewards in BN patients. In BN and ANB patients the enhanced success rate at the Race game in the food condition was associated with higher attention paid to binge food. CONCLUSION: These findings introduce a novel process underlying binges: planning based on backward reasoning is associated with binges. It likely aims to reduce craving for binge foods and extend binge refractory period in BN patients, and avoid binging in ANB patients. Shifts between these goals might explain shifts between eating disorder subtypes
The structures of Malay language existential sentences
This study aims to analyze the syntactic structures of existential sentences in Malay and focuses on the verb ada to produce generalization regarding existential verbs in Malay. Our findings showed that the transitive verb ada is motivated by the position of the verb as it occurs as a ditransitive verb in the ada-DP-VP structure, while in the DP-ada structure it acts as an unaccusative ver
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