Parental bonding and alexithymia: A meta-analysis

Aim: The primary purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore, clarify and report the strength of the relationship between alexithymia, as measured by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and parenting style as measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). Methods: Web of Science, PsycInfo, PubMed and ProQuest: Dissertations and Theses searches were undertaken, yielding nine samples with sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. Results: Evidence indicated moderate to strong relationships between maternal care and alexithymia, and between maternal care and two of the three TAS-20 alexithymia facets (Difficulties Describing Feelings and Difficulties Identifying Feelings, but not Externally Oriented Thinking). Moderate relationships were observed for both maternal- and paternal-overprotection and alexithymia respectively, and for overprotection (both maternal and paternal) and Difficulties Describing Feelings. Conclusion: This study is the first meta-analysis of the relationship between parenting styles and alexithymia, and findings confirm an especially strong association between maternal care and key elements of alexithymia. This review highlights the issues that still remain to be addressed in exploring the link between parenting style and alexithymia

Virtual Fidgets: Opportunities and Design Principles for Bringing Fidgeting to Online Learning

We present design guidelines for incorporating fidgeting into the virtual world as a tool for students in online lectures. Fidgeting is associated with increased attention and self-regulation, and has the potential to help students focus. Currently there are no fidgets, physical or virtual, designed for preserving attention specifically in online learning environments, and no heuristics for designing fidgets within this domain. We identify three virtual fidget proxies to serve as design probes for studying student experiences with virtual fidgeting. Through a study of eight students using our virtual fidget proxies in online lectures, we identify eight emergent themes that encompass student experience with virtual fidgeting in lectures. Based on these themes, we present four principles for designing domain-specific virtual fidgets for online lectures. We identify that virtual fidgets for lectures should be context-aware, visually appealing, easy to adopt, and physically interactive.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, CHI LBW 202

Behavioral and neuroendocrine consequences of social subjugation across adolescence and adulthood

BACKGROUND: Social subjugation is a very significant and natural stressor in the animal kingdom. Adult animals defeated and subjugated during establishment of dominance hierarchies or territorial encounters can be highly submissive in future agonistic interactions. While much is know about the biological and behavioral consequences of winning and losing fights in adulthood, little is known about adolescence; a developmental period noted for impulsivity and heightened agonistic behavior. The present studies were undertaken to determine if the behavioral and neuroendocrine consequences of social subjugation are comparable in adolescent versus adult Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Male siblings were studied from adolescence into adulthood following exposure to counterbalanced episodes of either a benign stressor, i.e., isolation in a novel cage, or the more severe stressor of social subjugation. RESULTS: As adults, hamsters with a history of social subjugation in adolescence show high levels of aggression toward intruders as compared to siblings subjugated in adulthood. Sibling controls subjugated in adulthood are highly submissive with little or no aggressive behavior. However, when subjugated in adulthood, hamsters with the earlier history of subjugation are no different than their sibling controls, i.e., adult subjugation promotes submissive behavior. Sexual motivation is high in adult hamsters with adolescent subjugation and testosterone levels remained stable over adulthood. In contrast, sibling controls subjugated in adulthood show lower levels of sexual motivation and reduced levels of testosterone. Release of cortisol during agonistic encounters is blunted in animals subjugated in adolescence but not adulthood. Measures of anxiety are reduced in hamsters with adolescent subjugation as compared to their sibling controls. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate a pronounced difference in behavior and neuroendocrinology between adolescent and adult hamsters in their response to social subjugation and suggest adolescence is a resilient period in development

Dedication to Prof. T. Suzuki

『千葉大学法学論集』第28巻第1・2号 半田吉信先生・鈴木庸夫先生 退職記念号HOGAKU RONSHU(CHIBA JOURNAL OF LAW AND POLITICS) Vol.28 Nos.1・2 Essays in Honor of Professors Yoshinobu Handa and Tsuneo Suzuki at their Retirement from Chiba Universit

Designing Assignments to Establish a Foundation for Evidenceâ Based Practice in an Undergraduate Clinical Nursing Course

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142903/1/wvn12198.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142903/2/wvn12198_am.pd

Corrigendum "Portal protein diversity and phage ecology"

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of John Wiley & Sons for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Environmental Microbiology 13 (2011): 2832, doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02616.x