Site Suitability Analysis for Landfill in an Industrial Area in Nigeria

This study was set against the background of identifying management strategies to combat the menace associated with poor solid waste management in urban areas of Nigeria. Therefore, it becomes highly necessary to determine suitable sites for landfill. Using remote sensing and geographic information tools and technologies the study identified the scenes of present dump sites; evaluated the conditions for selecting landfill sites; and determined suitable landfills in Ajaokuta, Nigeria. Data for the study were sourced from Sentinel-2A, 2021. Integrated GIS-based analysis using multi-criteria evaluation method was employed to scrutinise the appropriateness of the existing dumpsites for siting landfills. However, with reference to Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) guidelines, results of buffering and proximity analyses indicated that none of the existing dumpsites could be converted to landfill sites. Moreover, a fuzzy overlay of all the criteria considered was employed to identify and propose the most suitable areas for solid waste disposal sites in the study area. Based on the official stipulated distance, new sites were proposed for landfills. The study emphasised the increasing mounds and improper disposal of municipal solid wastes in Nigerian urban centres which have become too agonising and repulsive to sights. Nevertheless, if the recommendations of this study are taken with utmost seriousness, any unexpected outbreak of epidemic and environmental pollution will be greatly avoided in the study area

An Evaluation of Poverty Reduction Programme in Maiduguri Metropolitan Area, Borno State, 2008-2012.

There is a global call to action on the issue of poverty, everyone was called upon to examine poverty and share ideas on how to deal with it or how it can be reduced or eliminated. This work is an attempt at Evaluating Poverty alleviation programme in Maiduguri; the effectiveness of the programme, the number of beneficiaries and the types of assistance they get from the government. Data for this study were generated through questionnaire and in-depth interview. One hundred beneficiaries were selected through proportionate sampling and administered with questionnaire. While five (5) officials from the Borno state ministry of poverty alleviation and Youth Empowerment were selected for an in-depth interview. In all one hundred and five respondents took part in the study. The study revealed that these beneficiaries received different materials as assistance in order to improve their living standard. It was discovered that most of these beneficiaries engaged in commercial tricycles (Keke NAPEP) for survival. It was suggested that government should increase the number of beneficiaries so that the poverty can be reduced. Government and non-governmental organizations are equally implored to establish small scale industries to give more loans and create more job opportunities so as to add value to the life of the people. Key words: Evaluation, Poverty reduction, Programm

Site suitability analysis for landfill in an industrial area in Nigeria

This study was set against the background of identifying management strategies to combat the menace associated with poor solid waste management in urban areas of Nigeria. Therefore, it becomes highly necessary to determine suitable sites for landfill. Using remote sensing and geographic information tools and technologies the study identified the scenes of present dump sites; evaluated the conditions for selecting landfill sites; and determined suitable landfills in Ajaokuta, Nigeria. Data for the study were sourced from Sentinel-2A, 2021. Integrated GIS-based analysis using multi-criteria evaluation method was employed to scrutinise the appropriateness of the existing dumpsites for siting landfills. However, with reference to Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) guidelines, results of buffering and proximity analyses indicated that none of the existing dumpsites could be converted to landfill sites. Moreover, a fuzzy overlay of all the criteria considered was employed to identify and propose the most suitable areas for solid waste disposal sites in the study area. Based on the official stipulated distance, new sites were proposed for landfills. The study emphasised the increasing mounds and improper disposal of municipal solid wastes in Nigerian urban centres which have become too agonising and repulsive to sights. Nevertheless, if the recommendations of this study are taken with utmost seriousness, any unexpected outbreak of epidemic and environmental pollution will be greatly avoided in the study area

In Vitro Antilithiasis Activity of Melastoma malabathricum Linn

Urolithiasis is a painful disease that affects the human population in every part of the world and majority of cases of renal lithiasis have calcium oxalate. The present study was carried out to study effect of M. malabathricum on calcium oxalate crystals in vitro and to determine the relationship between total flavonoid content and anti-crystallization activity of different extract. Four different extract from different parts of M. malabathricum were studied to determine the part with higher activity against calcium oxalate crystallization.The leaf of M. malabathricum demonstrated the highest crystal growth inhibition activity compared to other parts of the plant. The leaf extract was further fractionated by column chromatography. The fractions were studied for total flavonoid content as well as crystal growth inhibition and Spearman correlation showed that there was a good correlation between TFC and antilithiasis activity with the F1 fraction having highest activity. The activity of the F1 fraction was confirmed by calcium oxalate aggregation assay and microscopic examination. The higher content of flavonoids and calcium oxalate antilithiasis activity of the leaves suggest further studies for development of newer effective drugs from this herb. Keywords: M. malabathricum, calcium oxalate, crystallization, lithiasis and total flavonoid content

THE IMPACT OF ICT IN ADULT AND NON FORMAL EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW

This article is attempting to comprehend the effects of Information and Communication Technology in the exercises of Adult and Non-Formal and Education. It diagrams various techniques to confer training by using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) apparatuses, developments, and arising patterns. Simultaneously, this text features the benefits accumulated by the utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in teaching and learning processes. The effect of Information and Communication Technology on all schooling areas raises difficulties for legislatures, educators and learners. There is a more noteworthy interest for and reception of innovation in training in adult and non-formal education. The realization of the potential of ICTs to improve educational practices is a series of pedagogical and practical challenges. This article considers the issues starting with the basic motivation behind instruction and closes by raising a progression of difficulties that instructive foundations should confront in case they are to effectively coordinate ICT into educating and learning rehearses. The inescapable utilization of ICTs for long-lasting learning just as local area strengthening is a huge pattern in realizing in the current century

Pre-marital Medical Examination is a Panacea to the High Rate of Parental Mortality in the Society; A Reflection on its Implication towards Children Upbringing: An Islamic Jurisprudence Perspective

Procreation and establishment of happily and healthy community is among the objectives of marriage in Islam. Establishment of a healthy family is the foundation of having a successful and vibrant community. Obviously, health is an engine room for survival here in the world and as well, a key leading to success in the Day hereafter. Children are product of marriage and indeed assets to the family and the community at large. They require so much parental care in order to become good ambassadors of their communities. Unfortunately, in recent times, such parental care has been taken away by high rate of parental mortality that bedeviled most of the Muslims developing countries. Death of parents has denied children from having access to primary care which they ought to have benefited from their parents during their childhood. Of course, lack of a parental care and moral upbringing of a child will certainly have a consequence and negative impact on the entire community. It is against this backdrop that the paper examines the possibility of accommodating modern developments into Islamic law, thereby making a reflection on the fate of children after birth. Thus, the paper suggests among other things, that there is a need to introduce a new Islamic rule which will mandate prospective spouses to conduct pre-marital medical examination, rather than just leaving it discretionary among the people. Keywords: Pre-marital, Medical Examination, Parental Mortality, Children, Islamic Jurisprudenc

Choice of delivery positions among multiparous women in Kano

Background: Confining women to hospital bed with limited power of movement and involvement of decision making during labor process and  restricting them to supine position in second stage of labor might contribute significantly to aversion to hospital delivery. Objective: To determine the different delivery positions women take during home delivery. Method: This was a cross sectional survey among 285 multiparous women who had vaginal delivery of life singleton babies. They were interviewed using questionnaire at Murtala Muhammad Specialist hospital Kano on choices of delivery position. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the state. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 19. Qualitative data were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Chi (χ2) test was used for categorical data. A P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 28.9 ± 7.12 years. Majority of the women that delivered at home assumed the squatting  position for delivery (60%) and were mainly assisted by traditional birth attendants (TBA) (41.3%). Over 50% of those that delivered at home were instructed to take the position they delivered in by their assistants at delivery while those that chose their position by themselves did that because they felt more comfortable in that position (85%). Over 80% of those that were instructed to take a position at delivery did not ask their assistant the reason for advising on that position. There was statistically significant association between educational level and right to decide in which positionto deliver the baby (χ²=28.517, P = 0.000). Conclusion: Squatting position was the most assumed position following home delivery. There was statistically significant association between educational level and right to decide in which position to deliver the baby. Key words: Choices; delivery position; multiparous women; Nigeria; vaginal birth

Challenges Associated with Midwifery Practice and Education in Northern Nigeria:Way Forward

Midwifery practice has continued to gain recognition as a result of its influence on the health of mothers and newborns. However, the practice of midwifery in Nigeria is associated with numerous challenges leading to negative health indicators in the region. This paper examined the challenges associated with midwifery practice and education in Northern Nigeria with a view of exploring the way forward. Relevant literatures of stakeholders ’ reports and studies conducted globally and locally were searched and reviewed. Findings from the reviewed literatures showed that midwifery workforce is short of the ideal number required globally and specifically in Northern Nigeria. This shortage of midwives could be linked to the poor performance of Nigeria in achieving MDGs and now SDGs leading to outrageous Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Northern Nigeria. Other highlighted challenges affecting midwifery practice and education in the region include; usurping of midwives’ roles/duties by doctors lack of comprehensive data on midwives, poor attitude of midwives, poor remuneration, negative patient’ s perception of midwives, feminization of midwifery profession and lack of resources and equipment. The paper therefore recommends that there should be continuous training of midwives as well as a need to review of the curriculum, code of ethics, scheme of service and entry qualification for midwives

Implication of fertiliser subsidy withdrawal on societal welfare, rice output and imports in Malaysia's rice sector

The study analysed the effects of de-subsidised fertiliser input, as an alternative policy, in the rice sector in Malaysia. Time series data (1980-2012) were collected and analysed through different stages of analyses. The fist stage of analysis involved time series econometric model, namely Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) which was used for coeffiients estimation. Estimated elasticities were subjected to and passed the relevant diagnostic tests. The estimated elasticities were then used for the second stage of analysis-that is scenario simulation (removal of fertiliser subsidy while retaining any other rice production subsidy and support) and forecast. Finally, the generated simulation results were further used in estimating societal welfare through the producer surplus change estimation technique. Results showed, on the average and by 2020, yields declined by 10%, national output contracted by 10% and net import increased by 19.1%. Producer welfare loss stood at RM839 million, revenue saved was RM183 million and the net loss or societal welfare loss was about RM655 million. Thus, the policy option should not be on the decision table of policy makers because of net lost to society in general