Penerimaan Pajak Daerah Kota Bandar Lampung Sebelum Dan Sesudah Penggunaan Tapping Box

The research objectives were to examine the differences between the achievement of tax revenues in Bandar Lampung before and after using the tapping box; moreover, to analyze the implementation, obstacles, and efforts to overcome the obstacles during the use of the tapping box. This research uses mixed methods, namely quantitative and qualitative approaches. This study uses primary and secondary data. Primary data includes interviews with the regional tax and retribution management agency (RTRMA) and restaurant, hotel, entertainment, and parking businesses. Secondary data includes reports on the realization and target of restaurant taxes, hotel taxes, entertainment taxes, and parking taxes every month during the 2017-2019 period, totalling 24 data obtained from the RTRMA of Bandar Lampung. The hypothesis testing was using paired sample t-test. The results showed significant differences in the tax achievement of restaurants, hotels, entertainment, and parking between before and after using the tapping box sequentially. The implementation of the use of tapping box was going well, and it is proven that the tax achievement of restaurants, hotels, entertainment, and parking increases every month. So, the use of the tapping box already provided supervision to taxpayers. So, tax leaks can be minimized and increase the original local government revenue of Bandar Lampung

Radiographic Study of Developmental Alteration in Tooth Number Among Children in IIUM Dental Clinic

Background: The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence, distribution and association of developmental alteration in tooth number with gender, location, and presence of delayed eruption of tooth among children who attended to Student's polyclinic of IIUM Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: A cross sectional study on total 727 Orthopanthomograms (OPGs) of 3-17 years old children from April 2009 to July 2012. OPGs with presence of alteration number were scrutinized to find out the prevalence, distribution and association. The data was analyzed comparing gender, location and presence of delayed eruption and tested using Chi-square test. Results: Out of 727 OPGs, 71 OPGs showed developmental alteration in tooth number. The prevalence was 98/1000 OPGs within 3 years. Among those 71 OPGs, the gender differences were: males (49.3%) and females (50.7%). Locations were found in maxilla (45.1%), mandible (40.8%) and both (14.0%). The finding of delayed eruption was (7.0%). There were significant differences between alteration in tooth number with location as (p<0.05) while there were no significant differences with gender and delayed eruption as (p>0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that hyperdontia was considerably lower than hypodontia. There was association between alteration in tooth number with location, but no association with gender and delayed eruption

Survey of musculoskeletal pain among dental clinician in Kulliyyah of Dentistry IIUM

This study aimed to determine the prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain and its associated risk factors among dental clinicians at the Kulliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM. A validated, pilot-tested self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 160 dental clinicians between March and June 2014 using convenience sampling method. Inclusion criteria includes dentist, clinical supervisors or clinical dental students. Dental clinicians whom were diagnosed with musculoskeletal disorders were excluded. Data obtained were recorded and analyzed using statistical package for the social science (SPSS) software version 19. Pearson correlation test was used to determine the association between the risk factors and pain sites. A total of 146 participants completed the questionnaire (91.3% response rate). The sample consist of 40 dentists (27.4%), 36 Year 3 students (24.7%) and 35 participants (24%) respectively from Year 4 and Year 5. There was high prevalence of neck pain (79.5%), back shoulder pain (74.7%) and lower back pain (71.9%) among dental clinicians. Significant correlation was found between physical activities with upper body region pain sites (r = 0.170, p=0.042) and lower body region pain sites (r = 0.221, p=0.008). There was a significant association between repetitive movements and wrist bending with upper and lower body region pain sites (r = 0.320, p = <0.001) (r = 0.278, p =0.001). No correlation between awkward postures with upper and lower body pain sites. This paper will relate to the Islamic teaching on moderation in working and in maintaining healthy lifestyle. The most prevalent site of musculoskeletal pain experienced by dental clinicians was at the neck area and the least was on the left arm. Repetitive movements, wrist bending and physical activities were associated with upper and lower body region pain sites

Daya anti bakteri ekstrak daun sisik naga dibandingkan dengan ekstrak daun saga, daun sirih dan kayu manis terhadap isolat bakteri dari penderita periodontitis kronis (Antibacterial effect of drymoglossum piloselloides, abrus precatoris, piper bettle and cinnamon aldehyde on isolated bacteria from periodontitis chronic patients)

Drymoglossum piloselloides, Abrus precatoris, Piper bettle and Cinnamon aldehyde have been traditionally used in dentistry. However, there are not many scientific research on investigating those leafs and their therapeutic efficacy to bacteria causing periodontitis. Aims: to investigate antibacterial of extracted of Drymoglossum piloselloides, Abrus precatoris, Piper bettle and Cinnamon aldehyde on black pigmented bacteria isolated from periodontitis patient. Materials and Methode: The study sample was a black pigmented bacterial taken from the fluid of gingival socket of patient with chronic marginal periodontitis. The bacteria was planted in the LAD and was isolated in the schalder medium. The examination of antibacterial effect was done using disc diffusion methods, determination of minimal concentration of bacteriostatic effect and also bactericidal effect using tube dilution methods. ANOVA test was done to analysis the differences of extracts' efficacy. Result: Antibacterial effect test using disc diffusion methods on concentration of extracts were 5%, 10 %, 15% and 20% were shown bacterial development. However there is no statistically differences on antibacterial effect among those four extracted on the disc diffusion test. The minimal bacterostatic effect of Drymoglossum piloselloides, Abrus precatoris, Piper bettle and Cinnamon aldehyde were 25o/o, 50%, 3,25% and 208 % respectively. Meanwhile, the minimal bacterial effect of Drymoglossum piloselloides, Abrus precatoris, Piper bettle and Cinnamon aldehyde were 50 %, 25%, 3,25% 41,7% respectively. Conclusion: There were differences on antibacterial effect between Drymoglossum pilloselloides, Abrus precatoris , Piper bettle and Cinnamon aldehyde particularly for black pigmented bacteria. Piper Bettle has been proven has strongest potential antibacterial

Evaluation of the salivary flow rate and pH in patients with recurrent oral ulcers

Introductions: Recurrent oral ulcers primarily effect mucosal surfaces and are among the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. Numerous studies to find the aetiopathogenesis have been conducted however the cause still remains unclear. Saliva is of utmostimportance for oral health maintenance. In current study, saliva was used as a diagnostic tool for comparison of salivary flow rate and pH in patients suffering from recurrent oral ulcers and control group. Materials and Methods: Saliva samples taken from 20 recurrent aphthous ulcer patients and 20 control (healthy) patients using a convient sampling method. Drooling method was used to collect unstimulated whole saliva sample. Pre-weighted specimen bottles were used and then weighed after sample collection on a graduated scale where as chair-side pH meter was used to determine the salivary pH. Independent t-test and Pearson’s correlation were performed. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significance. Results: Positive correlation was found between the flow rate and pH in recurrent oral ulcer patients. Patients with recurrent oral ulcers had higher flow rate and pH compared to the control group. These effects were exaggerated in female patients with ulcers. Conclusions: Disturbances in salivary flow rate and pH were not significantly associated with recurrent oral ulcers

Knowledge, attitude and practice of ethnomedicine in common oral and dental diseases in patients attending IIUM dental polyclinic

Information from the user of ethnomedicine is required as the baseline data for further research and to conserve local medicine. To identify the association between knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of ethnomedicine in common oral and dental diseases. A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted on patients attending IIUM dental clinic within three months. A total of 87 participants aged 18 and above were conveniently selected to answer quantitative questionnaires. The relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice scores was analysed using Spearman correlation coefficient. The participants were Malay, Chinese, Indian and Others with frequency of 49 (56.3%), 28 (32.2%), 4 (4.6%) and 6 (6.9%), respectively. They were 41.4% male and 58.6% female. 97.7% were educated. The participants were knowledgeable in common oral diseases (96.6%). Knowledge of ethnomedicine was correlated with attitude (rho=0.283, p=0.008) and practice (rho=0.251, p= 0.019), while attitude was correlated with practice (rho=0.436, p=0.000). There was a clear pattern of using ethnomedicine to treat oral and dental diseases with significant correlation between KAP. Therefore, further studies on the efficiency and efficacy of the findings described in this study is highly advisable. Keywords: Knowledge; Attitude; Practice; Ethnomedicine; Common Oral and Dental Disease

Phytochemical and antioxidant capacity profiles of syzygiumcumini (L.) skeelsleaves grown in Telur Bagan Kedah, Malaysia using sequential cold percolation extraction

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of Syzygiumcumini(L.) Skeels grown in Telur BaganKedah, Malaysia Syzygiumcuminiwas extracted successively in 5 different solvents which are petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, and water, using sequential cold percolation method. The dried crude extractswerecharacterized for percentage yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ using FRAP assay.Extracts from different solvents produced different results. Toluene extract had the highest percentage yield, and highest total phenolic content, whereas acetone extract had the highest total flavonoid content. Water extract had the highest antioxidant capacity using DPPH test, with value of 11.89 ± 1.14 mg AEAC/g of dried leaves and reducing power from FRAP assay with value of 4512.83 ± 287.73 µg AAE/g of dried leaves. Petroleum ether had the highest antioxidant capacity in terms of inhibitory concentration of DPPH, due to its lowest IC50 value.All the phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Syzygiumcumini were successfully documented, analyzed

Potential oral wound healing of topical application of dental gel prepared from baccaurea angulata fruit in diabetic rats

Objective: This study investigates the effect of Baccaurea angulata fruit extract towards wound healing activity at tooth extractions sites. Significance: High antioxidant content in underutilised Baccaurea angulata were expected to open up new possibilities for tooth extraction procedure among diabetic patients. Methods: Sprague dawley rats were divided into 6 groups, and l their left mandibular first molar tooth were extracted. The alveolar socket were treated accordingly where group 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were diabetic rats (induced using Streptozotocin) applied with plain gel, alveolex, 3%, 5%, and 10% Baccaurea angulata extract respectively. Group 6 were non diabetic rats applied with plain gel. On day 4, 7 and 18, rats were euthanized, and the tissue samples were processed for histomorphological analysis. Results: It was found that Baccaurea angulata does significantly promotes tooth extraction wound healing in diabetic rats comparable to diabetic group treated with alveolex and non-diabetic rats at early phase of the wound. However the positive effect were not obvious at day 7, while at day 18, groups treated with Baccaurea angulata treated group had higher mean scores in most categories although may not statistically significant different. BADG concentration of 4% was found to give the best effects on wound healing. Conclusion: To a certain extent, Baccaurea angulata extract does promotes tooth extraction wound healing in diabetic rats

Effects of sucking exercise using straws on mouth rinsing ability in children with down syndrome

Background: Down syndrome (DS) children with facial hypotonus need muscle exercise to improve oral hygiene. Aim: To investigate the effect of sucking exercises using different shaped straws in Down syndrome children. Methods: The study in 41 DS children at DS Parents Association in Bandung. They scored using the Mouth Rinsing Test Function (MRT-F) scale and taught how to suck water using the straw, then performed at home. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks were used to assess MRT-F scores before and after sucking exercises and Mann-Whitney U test to determine the differences between two different shaped of straws. Result: The first day of MRF-T scores in circular straws group were 1(30%), 2(35%), 3(20%) and 4(15%), while in straight straws were 1(38.2%), 2(19%), 3(42.9%) and 4(0%) respectively. At the end of the third week the scores were 1(25%),2(25%),3(15%), 4(20%), and 5(15%), while in straight straws were 1(33%),2(19%),3(28.6%), 4(14.3%), and 5(4.8%). The significant difference of MRFT scores before and after exercises were p0.05. Conclusion: The ability to mouth rinse in DS children was improved after performing water sucking exercises in both groups. However, no significant differences between the straight and circular straw exercises

Potential oral wound healing of topical application of dental gel prepared from Baccaurea angulata fruit in diabetic rats

Objective: This study investigates the effect of Baccaurea angulata fruit extract towards wound healing activity at tooth extractions sites. Significance: High antioxidant content in underutilised Baccaurea angulata were expected to open up new possibilities for tooth extraction procedure among diabetic patients. Methods: Sprague dawley rats were divided into 6 groups, and l their left mandibular first molar tooth were extracted. The alveolar socket were treated accordingly where group 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were diabetic rats (induced using Streptozotocin) applied with plain gel, alveolex, 3%, 5%, and 10% Baccaurea angulata extract respectively. Group 6 were non diabetic rats applied with plain gel. On day 4, 7 and 18, rats were euthanized, and the tissue samples were processed for histomorphological analysis. Results: It was found that Baccaurea angulata does significantly promotes tooth extraction wound healing in diabetic rats comparable to diabetic group treated with alveolex and non-diabetic rats at early phase of the wound. However the positive effect were not obvious at day 7, while at day 18, groups treated with Baccaurea angulata treated group had higher mean scores in most categories although may not statistically significant different. BADG concentration of 4% was found to give the best effects on wound healing. Conclusion: To a certain extent, Baccaurea angulata extract does promotes tooth extraction wound healing in diabetic rats