Refleksi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Hutan Studi Refleksi Pelaksanaan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Kawasan Hutan di KPH Padangan Kabupaten Bojonegoro

The research on the profile Chilli seed breeding and its delivering service was done on MayAugust 2005 in Multi Agro Wiyata and Nuansa Agro Insani, Jember regency. The goals were to find description of service marketing perfomance and to analyce the dominant factor in service marketing from both service providers.There are seven variables in service marketing exactly: Product, Price, Promotion, Place, People, Process and Physical Evidence. This research used survey method with quitsioner by 200 farmers. Services are categorized as medium-high contact and thus a high degree of interaction. Interpersonal communication between farmers and service professional with usage appropiate technology is essential for succesful service delivery. The result of descriptive analysis showed that the diferenciation in service marketing performance between Multi Agro Wiyata and Nuansa Agro Insani are product and process delivering service. The dominant factors in service marketing,"People performance" in Multi Agro Wiyata and "physical evidence performance" in Nuansa Agro Insani.Keywords: Chilli Seed breeding, Service Marketing, Effective Technolog

Soft Computing Based Cavity Temperature Control of Plastic Injection Molding system

The plastic parts having complex three dimensional structures are produced by Plastic injection molding system. Thequality of the product is determined by controlling the temperature of the mold cavity. The mold cavity temperature controlwith the conventional ON/OFF, PI, and PID controllers have several disadvantages. This paper proposes the method toreduce settling time and undershoot in cavity temperature control with selected evolutionary algorithms. The controllerparameters are optimized with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm for PID and I-PDcontrollers by considering Mean Square Error (MSE) as fitness function. Compared to conventional methods theparameter optimization using soft computing methods such as GA and PSO improves the performance indices of PID andI-PD controllers

Effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on level of depression among geriatrics in selected old age homes at Kanyakumari

“A study to assess the effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on level of depression among geriatrics in selected old age homes at Kanyakumari” was done by Mrs. S. Suji as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Nursing at Sri. K. Ramachandran Naidu College of nursing, Tirunelveli under the Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai during the year of April 2014. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the pre test level of depression among geriatrics in experimental and control group. 2. To assess the post test level of depression among geriatrics in experimental and control group. 3. To find out the effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on level of depression among geriatrics in experimental group. 4. To compare the pre test and post test level of depression among geriatrics in experimental group. 5. To associate the post test level of depression in experimental and control group with their selected demographic variables. HYPOTHESES: All hypotheses are tested at 0.05 level. RH1 - The mean post test level of depression among geriatrics in experimental group was significantly lower than the mean post test level of depression in control group. RH2 - The mean post test level of depression was significantly lower than the mean pre test level of depression in the experimental group. RH3 – There was a significant association between the post test level of depression among geriatrics in experimental and control group with their selected demographic variables. The study was based on the Imogene King’s Goal Attainment Theory. The Quantitative approach was used for this study. The study was conducted in St. Mary’s home for aged and St. Joseph’s old age home at Kanyakumari. The design adopted for this study was quasi experimental pre test and post test control group design to evaluate the effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on level of depression among geriatrics. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to select 30 samples for control group from St. Joseph’s old age home and the same method was used to select 30 samples for experimental group from St. Mary’s home for aged. The data collection tool used for the study was Modified Yesavitch Geriatric Depression Scale. The content validity of the tool was obtained from four nursing experts and one medical expert in the field of psychiatry. The reliability of the tool(r=0.8) was established by test retest method by using Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient formula. The tool was accepted as reliable by the clinical experts. Pilot study was conducted to find out the feasibility and done the data analysis. Data collection was done by using the Modified Yesavitch Geriatric Depression Scale and the data obtained were analyzed both in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. MAJOR FINDINGS: 1. In experimental group the post test mean value was 10.8 with the standard deviation of 4.53. In control group the post test mean value was 21.2 with the standard deviation of 4.34. The calculated ‘t’ test value was 8.18. 2. In experimental group, it showed the mean value of 21.13 with the standard deviation 4.23 in pre test and a mean value of 10.8 with the standard deviation 4.53 in post test. The mean difference was 10.33. The calculated ‘t’ test value was 9.22. 3. There was a significant association between the post test level of depression among geriatrics in the experimental group with the demographic variable period of stay. There was no significant association between the post test level of depression among geriatrics in the experimental group with their selected demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, education, employment status, income, religion, number of children and mode of admission at the old age home. 4. There was no significant association between the post test level of depression among geriatrics in control group with their selected demographic variables. RECOMMENDATIONS: The following studies can be undertaken to strengthen reminiscence therapy as a good remedy for depression among geriatrics. 1. A study can be carried out to assess the quality of life, psychological well being and dementia among the geriatric residents. 2. A study can be conducted with large sample size to generalize the results of the study. 3. A study can be conducted to different population like older adults and widow/widowers. 4. A study can be conducted to middle aged adults, unresolved biographical conflicts, ego integrity and death preparation. 5. Comparative study can be conducted to find out the effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on level of depression among geriatrics residents in old age homes and geriatrics residing with their family. CONCLUSION: From the result of the study, it was concluded that providing reminiscence therapy to the geriatrics was effective on level of depression. Therefore the investigator felt that more importance should be given for reminiscence therapy to reduce the level of depression among the geriatrics

Spinal myxomas: review of a rare entity.

Intramuscular myxomas are rare, benign mesenchymal tumours, occurring predominantly in large skeletal muscles as large, slow-growing and painless masses. Spinal occurrence is rare, and may present incidentally, or diagnosed via localized symptoms secondary to local infiltration of surrounding structures. Differential diagnosis based on imaging includes sarcomas, meningiomas and lipomas. We discuss two contrasting cases presenting with well-circumscribed cystic paraspinal lesions indicative of an infiltrative tumour and discuss the radiological and histological differences that distinguish myxomas from similar tumours. Surgical resection of the tumour was performed in both cases, however one patient required surgical fixation due to bony erosion secondary to tumour infiltration. Immuno-histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a cellular myxoma. Follow up imaging at 6 months confirmed no symptomatic or tumour recurrence in both cases. Histological analysis is the definitive means for diagnosis to differentiate myxomas from other tumours. Recurrence is rare if full resection is achieved

Analysis of Population Structure and Genetic Diversity in Rice Germplasm Using SSR Markers: An Initiative Towards Association Mapping of Agronomic Traits in Oryza Sativa

Background Genetic diversity is the main source of variability in any crop improvement program. It serves as a reservoir for identifying superior alleles controlling key agronomic and quality traits through allele mining/association mapping. Association mapping based on LD (Linkage dis-equilibrium), non-random associations between causative loci and phenotype in natural population is highly useful in dissecting out genetic basis of complex traits. For any successful association mapping program, understanding the population structure and assessing the kinship relatedness is essential before making correlation between superior alleles and traits. The present study was aimed at evaluating the genetic variation and population structure in a collection of 192 rice germplasm lines including local landraces, improved varieties and exotic lines from diverse origin. Results A set of 192 diverse rice germplasm lines were genotyped using 61 genome wide SSR markers to assess the molecular genetic diversity and genetic relatedness. Genotyping of 192 rice lines using 61 SSRs produced a total of 205 alleles with the PIC value of 0.756. Population structure analysis using model based and distance based approaches revealed that the germplasm lines were grouped into two distinct subgroups. AMOVA analysis has explained that 14 % of variation was due to difference between with the remaining 86 % variation may be attributed by difference within groups. Conclusions Based on these above analysis viz., population structure and genetic relatedness, a core collection of 150 rice germplasm lines were assembled as an association mapping panel for establishing marker trait associations

Are violence, harmful alcohol/substance use and poor mental health associated with increased genital inflammation?: A longitudinal cohort study with HIV-negative female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.

Violence, alcohol use, substance use and poor mental health have been linked with increased HIV acquisition risk, and genital inflammation enhances HIV susceptibility. We examined whether past 6 month experience of these exposures was associated with increased genital inflammation, thereby providing a biological link between these exposures and HIV acquisition risk. The Maisha Fiti study was a longitudinal mixed-methods study of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya. Behavioural-biological surveys were conducted at baseline (June-December 2019) and endline (June 2020-March 2021). Analyses were restricted to HIV-negative women (n = 746). Women with raised levels of at least 5 of 9 genital inflammatory cytokines were defined as having genital inflammation. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate (i) baseline associations between genital inflammation and violence, harmful alcohol/substance use, and poor mental health, and (ii) longitudinal associations between these exposures at different survey rounds, and genital inflammation at follow-up. Inflammation data was available for 711 of 746 (95.3%) women at baseline; 351 (50.1%) had genital inflammation, as did 247 (46.7%) at follow-up. At baseline, 67.8% of women had experienced physical and/or sexual violence in the past 6 months, 33.9% had harmful alcohol use, 26.4% had harmful substance use, 25.5% had moderate/severe depression/anxiety, and 13.9% had post-traumatic stress disorder. In adjusted analyses, there was no evidence that these exposures were associated cross-sectionally or longitudinally with genital inflammation. We report no associations between past 6 month experience of violence, harmful alcohol/substance use, or poor mental health, and immune parameters previously associated with HIV risk. This suggests that the well-described epidemiological associations between these exposures and HIV acquisition do not appear to be mediated by genital immune changes, or that any such changes are relatively short-lived. High prevalences of these exposures suggest an urgent need for sex-worker specific violence, alcohol/substance use and mental health interventions

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: Underlying Pathophysiology and New Therapeutic Modalities

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are major lung diseases affecting millions worldwide. Both diseases have links to cigarette smoking and exert a considerable societal burden. People suffering from COPD are at higher risk of developing lung cancer than those without, and are more susceptible to poor outcomes after diagnosis and treatment. Lung cancer and COPD are closely associated, possibly sharing common traits such as an underlying genetic predisposition, epithelial and endothelial cell plasticity, dysfunctional inflammatory mechanisms including the deposition of excessive extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, susceptibility to DNA damage and cellular mutagenesis. In fact, COPD could be the driving factor for lung cancer, providing a conducive environment that propagates its evolution. In the early stages of smoking, body defences provide a combative immune/oxidative response and DNA repair mechanisms are likely to subdue these changes to a certain extent; however, in patients with COPD with lung cancer the consequences could be devastating, potentially contributing to slower postoperative recovery after lung resection and increased resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Vital to the development of new-targeted therapies is an in-depth understanding of various molecular mechanisms that are associated with both pathologies. In this comprehensive review, we provide a detailed overview of possible underlying factors that link COPD and lung cancer, and current therapeutic advances from both human and preclinical animal models that can effectively mitigate this unholy relationship