An Efficient Model for Forest Fire Detection using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Forest fires are a significant natural disaster that causes extensive damage to both human and wildlife habitats. Early detection and management of forest fires are critical in preventing potential losses. In recent years, deep learning-based approaches have emerged as promising solutions for forest fire detection. This paper proposes a deep learning-based approach for forest fire detection using SqueezeNet model.The proposed approach utilizes still images captured from forest areas under different weather conditions to classify whether an image contains a fire or not. The models were trained and tested using accuracy, precision, and recall metrics. The experimental results show that SqueezeNet achieve high precision, and recall in detecting forest fires.SqueezeNet is a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) architecture designed to reduce the number of parameters and computations required in a deep learning model while maintaining high accuracy in image classification tasks.

A novel seed plants gene regulates oxidative stress tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana

Oxidative stress can lead to plant growth retardation, yield loss, and death. The atr7 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana exhibits pronounced tolerance to oxidative stress. Using positional cloning, confirmed by knockout and RNA interference (RNAi) lines, we identified the atr7 mutation and revealed that ATR7 is a previously uncharacterized gene with orthologs in other seed plants but with no homology to genes in lower plants, fungi or animals. Expression of ATR7-GFP fusion shows that ATR7 is a nuclear-localized protein. RNA-seq analysis reveals that transcript levels of genes encoding abiotic- and oxidative stress-related transcription factors (DREB19, HSFA2, ZAT10), chromatin remodelers (CHR34), and unknown or uncharacterized proteins (AT5G59390, AT1G30170, AT1G21520) are elevated in atr7. This indicates that atr7 is primed for an upcoming oxidative stress via pathways involving genes of unknown functions. Collectively, the data reveal ATR7 as a novel seed plants-specific nuclear regulator of oxidative stress response

A novel seed plants gene regulates oxidative stress tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana

Oxidative stress can lead to plant growth retardation, yield loss, and death. The atr7 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana exhibits pronounced tolerance to oxidative stress. Using positional cloning, confirmed by knockout and RNA interference (RNAi) lines, we identified the atr7 mutation and revealed that ATR7 is a previously uncharacterized gene with orthologs in other seed plants but with no homology to genes in lower plants, fungi or animals. Expression of ATR7-GFP fusion shows that ATR7 is a nuclear-localized protein. RNA-seq analysis reveals that transcript levels of genes encoding abiotic- and oxidative stress-related transcription factors (DREB19, HSFA2, ZAT10), chromatin remodelers (CHR34), and unknown or uncharacterized proteins (AT5G59390, AT1G30170, AT1G21520) are elevated in atr7. This indicates that atr7 is primed for an upcoming oxidative stress via pathways involving genes of unknown functions. Collectively, the data reveal ATR7 as a novel seed plants-specific nuclear regulator of oxidative stress response

A novel seed plants gene regulates oxidative stress tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana

Oxidative stress can lead to plant growth retardation, yield loss, and death. The atr7 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana exhibits pronounced tolerance to oxidative stress. Using positional cloning, confirmed by knockout and RNA interference (RNAi) lines, we identified the atr7 mutation and revealed that ATR7 is a previously uncharacterized gene with orthologs in other seed plants but with no homology to genes in lower plants, fungi or animals. Expression of ATR7-GFP fusion shows that ATR7 is a nuclear-localized protein. RNA-seq analysis reveals that transcript levels of genes encoding abiotic- and oxidative stress-related transcription factors (DREB19, HSFA2, ZAT10), chromatin remodelers (CHR34), and unknown or uncharacterized proteins (AT5G59390, AT1G30170, AT1G21520) are elevated in atr7. This indicates that atr7 is primed for an upcoming oxidative stress via pathways involving genes of unknown functions. Collectively, the data reveal ATR7 as a novel seed plants-specific nuclear regulator of oxidative stress response

A Sustainable Development Perspective and Evaluating the Impact of Laser Cladding Parameters on Mild Steel

Mild steel is a popular material used in various applications due to its excellent machinability, strength and durability. Mild steel is one of the most affordable materials available, making it an excellent choice for budget-conscious projects. Regrettably, Mild steel is not typically used in some industries due to its low strength-to-weight ratio and limited corrosion resistance. AISI 1020 steel is relatively soft and has limited wear resistance compared to other types of steel, particularly those with higher carbon content. This review paper discusses the profitable and successful approach to enhance the service life and utility of the mild steel machinery components. Various investigators have put their effort into developing different methods to improve the properties of the mild steel components. The laser cladding process is developed by the melting of the preplaced coating layer with the surface of the substrate simultaneously which is able to prevent direct contact with the environment. The present review paper discussed in detail the impact of various parameters of laser cladding process and variation of the coating materials on the surface properties and microstructure of mild steel. Some challenges and remedies are also discussed in the paper. This review paper focused on some potential uses of the laser cladding process in diverse industries

Serodiagnosis of pearl millet resistance to downy mildew by quantitating cell wall P/HRGP using polyclonal antiserum Pab-P/HRGP

Proline/hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (P/HRGP) level in pearl millet genotypes resistant to downy mildew increase after inoculation with the oomycete pathogen Sclerospora graminicola. Using purified P/HRGPs from pearl millet cell walls, polyclonal antibodies (Pab-P/HRGP) were raised in rabbit. Based on this antiserum, an enzyme immunoassay was developed that displays a linearity detection range from 0.01 to 10 μg P/HRGP. Western blot analysis, confirming the induction of three marker P/HRGPs in the infected resistant genotype, and immunocytochemical studies on P/HRGP localization either in epidermal peelings or in suspension-cultured cells demonstrated the specificity of the antiserum. Besides its characterization, Pab-P/HRGP was employed to screen various genotypes of pearl millet for fast, sensitive and specific detection of induced P/HRGPs upon infections. The results presented are discussed with presumed importance to downy mildew disease and the use of this new antiserum in pearl millet screening for disease resistance

Purification and characterization of proline/hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein from pearl millet coleoptiles infected with downy mildew pathogen Sclerospora graminicola

Hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) are important plant cell wall structural components, which are also involved in response to pathogen attack. In pearl millet, deposition and cross-linking of HRGPs in plant cell walls was shown to contribute to the formation of resistance barriers against the phytopathogenic oomycete Sclerospora graminicola. In the present study, the purification and characterization of HRGPs that accumulated in coleoptiles of pearl millet seedlings in response to S. graminicola inoculation has been carried out. Periodic acid Schiff’s staining revealed that the purified protein was a glycoprotein. The protein to carbohydrate ratio was determined to be 95.5:4.5 (w/w). Proline amounted for 20mol of the total amino acids as indicated by amino acid composition analysis. The isolated protein had a pI of 9.8 and was shown to be composed of subunits of 27, 17, and 14kDa. Cross reactivity with the monoclonal antibody MAC 265 and the presence of the signature amino acid sequence, PVYK, strongly suggested to classify the purified glycoprotein as a member of the P/HRGPs class. In the presence of horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 the purified glycoprotein served as a substrate for oxidative cross-linking processes

A Sustainable Development Perspective and Evaluating the Impact of Laser Cladding Parameters on Mild Steel

Mild steel is a popular material used in various applications due to its excellent machinability, strength and durability. Mild steel is one of the most affordable materials available, making it an excellent choice for budget-conscious projects. Regrettably, Mild steel is not typically used in some industries due to its low strength-to-weight ratio and limited corrosion resistance. AISI 1020 steel is relatively soft and has limited wear resistance compared to other types of steel, particularly those with higher carbon content. This review paper discusses the profitable and successful approach to enhance the service life and utility of the mild steel machinery components. Various investigators have put their effort into developing different methods to improve the properties of the mild steel components. The laser cladding process is developed by the melting of the preplaced coating layer with the surface of the substrate simultaneously which is able to prevent direct contact with the environment. The present review paper discussed in detail the impact of various parameters of laser cladding process and variation of the coating materials on the surface properties and microstructure of mild steel. Some challenges and remedies are also discussed in the paper. This review paper focused on some potential uses of the laser cladding process in diverse industries

Surgical Precision JIT Compilers

Just-in-time (JIT) compilation of running programs provides more optimization opportunities than offline compilation. Modern JIT compilers, such as those in virtual machines like Oracle's HotSpot for Java or Google's V8 for JavaScript, rely on dynamic profiling as their key mechanism to guide optimizations. While these JIT compilers offer good average performance, their behavior is a black box and the achieved performance is highly unpredictable. In this paper, we propose to turn JIT compilation into a precision tool by adding two essential and generic metaprogramming facilities: First, allow programs to invoke JIT compilation explicitly. This enables controlled specialization of arbitrary code at run-time, in the style of partial evaluation. It also enables the JIT compiler to report warnings and errors to the program when it is unable to compile a code path in the demanded way. Second, allow the JIT compiler to call back into the program to perform compile-time computation. This lets the program itself define the translation strategy for certain constructs on the fly and gives rise to a powerful JIT macro facility that enables "smart" libraries to supply domain-specific compiler optimizations or safety checks. We present Lancet, a JIT compiler framework for Java bytecode that enables such a tight, two-way integration with the running program. Lancet itself was derived from a high-level Java bytecode interpreter: staging the interpreter using LMS (Lightweight Modular Staging) produced a simple bytecode compiler. Adding abstract interpretation turned the simple compiler into an optimizing compiler. This fact provides compelling evidence for the scalability of the staged-interpreter approach to compiler construction. In the case of Lancet, JIT macros also provide a natural interface to existing LMS-based toolchains such as the Delite parallelism and DSL framework, which can now serve as accelerator macros for arbitrary JVM bytecode