Incidence and mutation analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in eastern indonesian populations

We conducted a field survey of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenese (G6PD) deficiency in the eastern Indonesian islands, and analyzed G6PD variants molecularly. The incidence of G6PD deficiency in 5 ethnic groups (Manggarai, Bajawa, Nage-Keo, Larantuka, and Palue) on the Flores and Palue Islands was lower than that of another native group, Sikka, or a nonnative group, Riung. Molecular analysis of G6PD variants indicated that 19 cases in Sikka had a frequency distribution of G6PD variants similar to those in our previous studies, while 8 cases in Riung had a different frequency distribution of G6PD variants. On the other hand, from field surveys in another 8 ethnic groups (Timorese, Sumbanese, Savunese, Kendari, Buton, Muna, Minahasa, and Sangirese) on the islands of West Timor, Sumba, Sulawesi, Muna and Bangka, a total of 49 deficient cases were detected. Thirty-nine of these 49 cases had G6PD Vanua Lava (383T＞C) of Melanesian origin. In our previous studies, many cases of G6PD Vanua Lava were found on other eastern Indonesian islands. Taken together, these findings may indicate that G6PD Vanua Lava is the most common variant in eastern Indonesian populations, except for Sikka

Extremely low Helicobacter pylori prevalence in North Sulawesi, Indonesia and identification of a Maori-tribe type strain: A cross sectional study

Background: Sulawesi in Indonesia has a unique geographical profile with assumed separation from Sundaland. Studies of Helicobacter pylori in this region are rare due to the region's rural location and lack of endoscopy equipment. Indirect methods are, therefore, the most appropriate for measuring H. pylori infection in these areas; with the disposable gastric brush test, we can obtain gastric juice as well as small gastric tissue samples for H. pylori culture. We investigated the prevalence of H. pylori infection and evaluated human migration patterns in the remote areas of North Sulawesi. Methods. We recruited a total of 251 consecutive adult volunteers and 131 elementary school children. H. pylori infection was determined by urine antibody test. A gastric brush test was used to culture H. pylori. We used next-generation and polymerase chain reaction based sequencing to determine virulence factors and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Results: The overall H. pylori prevalence was only 14.3 for adults and 3.8 for children, and 13.6 and 16.7 in Minahasanese and Mongondownese participants, respectively. We isolated a single H. pylori strain, termed -Manado-1. Manado-1 was East Asian type cagA (ABD type), vacA s1c-m1b, iceA1 positive/iceA2 negative, jhp0562-positive/β-(1,3) galT-negative, oipA "on", and dupA-negative. Phylogenetic analyses showed the strain to be hspMaori type, a major type observed in native Taiwanese and Maori tribes. Conclusions: Our data support that very low H. pylori infection prevalence in Indonesia. Identification of hspMaori type H. pylori in North Sulawesi may support the hypothesis that North Sulawesi people migrated from north. © 2014 Miftahussurur et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Breeding Preference and Bionomics of Anopheles spp. At the Malarial Endemic Area, Runut Village, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

Abstract Introduction: Anopheles mosquito is transmitting malaria, one of the health problems in Indonesia. Understanding Anopheles mosquito behaviour and its breeding preference is one of the crucial keys to prevent malaria transmission. This study aimed to identify the breeding place distribution and bionomics of Anopheles spp. in Runut village, Sikka district, East Nusa Tenggara. Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted in Runut village, Waigete sub- district, in April 2018. Anopheles spp. larvae were collected in 7 suspected breeding places consisting of 2 rice fields, 3 fish ponds, and 2 puddles. Mosquitos behaviour was observed using bed-net traps located inside and outside the house from 7.15 PM to 1.15 AM after obtaining informed consent. Mosquito collection using bed-net trap were performed for 40 minutes then followed by resting mosquito collection for 10 minutes. Results: Anopheles spp. larvae were found in most of the suspected aquatic habitats, presenting different densities and together with larvae of the other mosquito species. Relatively high number of Anopheles spp. larvae was obtained from a puddle. Only one female mosquito of Anopheles spp. resting on the wall inside house was found around 00.55 – 01.05 AM and resulted in low mosquito density determination. Conclusion: Anopheles spp. larvae were harbouring in most of the aquatic habitats and one puddle contained moderately abundant larvae of Anopheles in Runut village, Sikka district, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Even only one Anopheles spp. mosquito was detected inside the house, residents in Runut village should regular use insecticide-treated bed nets and continuous observation of mosquito breeding places especially puddles to prevent malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases

COMPARISON OF MULTIPLEX SINGLE ROUND PCR AND MICROSCOPY IN DIAGNOSIS OF AMOEBIASIS

Background: Amoebiasis, the cause of dysentery and extra-intestinal abscesses, now becomes second fatal parasitic disease in the world. As routine microscopic diagnosis cannot differentiate causative Entamoeba histolytica from non-pathogenic E. dispar and E. moshkovskii, better diagnosis has to be searched. Materials and Methods: Multiplex single round PCR was tested and compared with results of microscopy of wet preparation on 30 samples of diarrheic stools and extra intestinal lesions from amoebiasis suspected patients. Results: Microscopy examination showed that 21 (70%) of the samples were positive for E. histolytica/E. dispar/E. moshkovskii complex and 18 (86%) of them contained hematophagous trophozoites. Multiplex single round PCR showed 12 positive results, from which seven were positive for E. histolytica, two were positive for E. moshkovskii, and three showed mixed of E. histolytica and E. moshkovskii. No samples were positive for E. dispar. High positive rate of microscopy might be related with highly suspected amoebiasis cases, while lower positive PCR might be caused by low parasite density and time-related trophozoite disintegration. Conclusion: The study showed that multiplex single-round PCR is a valuable diagnostic tool for species differentiation, but cannot replace microscopy in the diagnosis of amoebiasis because of its low sensitivity and impossibility to discriminate the form of E. histolytica and whether it is in the disease-causing stage, while microscopic examination is capable to demonstrate the presence of hematophagous trophozoites that indicates it is invasive and at the disease-causing stage of E. histolytica

ATLAS PARASITOLOGI KEDOKTERAN

ix,179hlm;15,5 x 24 c

Atlas Parasitologi Kedokteran

ix, 179 hlm.; 24 cm

ATLAS PARASITOLOGI KEDOKTERAN

ix, 179 hlm.; 15,5x24 cm.: ilus

Pengaruh Pemberian Gentamisin Terhadap Perubahan Morfologi Sel Epitel Tubulus Proksimal Ginjal Pada Marmut

Gentamisin merupakan salah satu anggota kelompok antibiotika yang tergolong aminoglikosida. Pada umumnya obat• -obat yang tergolong aminoglikosida terutama gentamisin dewa. ..sa masih merupakan obat yang penting untuk mengatasi infeksi berat yang 'disebabkan oleh kuman-kuman negati

Helmintologi Kedokteran

xi, 168 hlm.; 20 c

Atlas parasitologi kedokteran

ix, 179 pages ; illustrations ; 24 cm