Constructivist Learning Theory: The Contribution to Foreign Language Learning and Teaching

This study deals with John Dewey’s constructivism. Dewey’s theory in Jia (2010) is the main idea or theory of conducting this study. The idea of using constructivism theory is not a new theory in educational teaching and learning in Indonesia. The Dewey’s theory states that constructivism can build individual and social knowledge and it is then the result of this study. The essence contained in constructivism theory is the meaning of a learning process. Dewey in Jia (2010) claims that knowledge is uncertain. Knowledge must be applied because it is an interpretation of reality. Case study is the approach used in this study to ensure the validity of the research result (Kothari. 2004). Thus, the purposes of this study are: (1) to shed the light on the schools of constructivism, and (2) to clarify the principles of constructivism in general and language teaching in particular as its contributions in the classroom activities. The result shows that constructivism contribute positive impact on educational progress as to improve students ability because constructivism opens the learner’s curiosity about something new. Students can also build their knowledge to create, and design something related to their needs.   Keywords: constructivism, language learning, language teaching, constructivism principle

Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Flavonoid Dari Daun Dewandaru (Eugenia Uniflora L.)

Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) secara tradisional digunakan sebagai penurun panas dan sakit Perut. Penelitian membuktikan aktivitas biologis dewandaru sebagai antibakteri, antidiabetes, dan antioksidan. Senyawa yang diduga bertanggungjawab adalah flavonoid. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis senyawa flavonoid yang terdapat dalam daun dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.). Ekstraksi dilakukan dua tahap yaitu tahap penghilangan lemak dengan metode sokletasi menggunakan pelarut kloroform dan tahap kedua maserasi dengan etanol 70%. Ekstrak difraksinasi dengan etil asetat dan air, kemudian fraksinya diperiksa dengan KLT menggunakan fase gerak asam asetat 15% dan BAW. Fraksi etil asetat diisolasi dengan KLT preparatif. Bercak pita yang memiliki harga Rf dan warna yang sama dengan deteksi awal diambil dan disari. Kemudian dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, pereaksi diagnostic NaOH, NaOAc, H3BO3, AlCl3, HCl, KLT dua dimensi, hidrolisis isolat fraksi etil asetat. Berdasarkan pergeseran panjang gelombang spektra UV-Vis dengan dan tanpa pereaksi diagnostik serta uji KLT didapatkan struktur parsial yang diduga kuat 5,7,3',4'-tetra hidroksi flavonol atau kuersetin

Minangkabau’s Marriage and Delik Adat Laws in Abdulkarim Khiratullah’s Mencari Cinta Yang Hilang

This research aims at analysing two of the Minangkabau’s Adat Laws: marriage and delik adat laws reflected in Abdulkarim Khiratullah’s Novel Mencari Cinta Yang Hilang (2008). The theory of the Minangkabau’s Adat Law used as the basis of analysing the data in this research is proposed by Soekanto (2010). The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive method proposed by Moleong (2004). The research result shows that the existence of Minangkabau’s marriage and delik adat laws have caused the protagonist of the novel named Fauzi encountered some certain obstacles to marry a girl whom he loves so much, named Rahima. Even though he has tried his best to materialize his love to Rahima, the marriage as well as delik Adat Law prevailing in his society has made him fail to marry Rahima. He fails in marrying his beloved girl as the girl is of the same clan as his, and it is strickly forbiden for a man in Minangkabau’s adat law to marry a woman from the same clan as he.   Keywords: adat, inheritance, marriage adat law, delik adat law, kinshi

Nias Traditional Ceremonies in J. A. Sonjaya’s Novel Manusia Langit

This research contains an analysis of Nias traditional ceremonies in the novel Manusia Langit by J.A. Sonjaya. To reveal the traditional ceremonies of Nias people depicted in the novel Manusia Langit, and see what the views were put to the author of the novel, the author uses the sociological approach of literature. Through a sociological approach of literature, it is seen that people of Nias in the novel have a high trust in ancestors, and the myths in society. The study is analyzed by using descriptive qualitative method. The theory used to analyse the data in this research is that of Sonjaya (2008). The findings show that Nias people can be observed from Banuaha public trust in ancestors and the origins of their ancestors. They also believe in in spirits, and adhere in the traditions and myths prevailing in society, as well as in the implementation of traditional ceremonies.   Keywords: banuaha, excavation, myth, traditional ceremony, ancestor, spiri

Aspects of Interpersonal Conflicts in Benni Setiawan’s Film Scripts Toba Dreams

This paper is concerned with aspects of interpersonal conflicts in a family depicted in Benni Setiawan’s film scripts Toba Dreams released in 2015. The aims of the research are to find out the causing factors of interpersonal conflicts found in the film scripts and to describe how those conflicts lead to bad impacts to the family members. The problems of this research focus on interpersonal conflicts involving father, mother, and the children. The theory of conflict in this research is adopted from Wilmot and Hocker (2011). The method used in this research was a qualitative method proposed by Creswell (2007). The analysis in this study covers the aspects of interpersonal conflicts consisting of expressed struggle, interdependence, perceived incompatible goal, perceived scarce resources and interference. The findings show that conflicts in a family may lead to serious effects that can damage children and the whole family. This research is theoretically significant to give the readers the concept of interpersonal conflict. This is also practically significant to provide some insight and knowledge for readers about conflicts in literary works and in the film scripts as well as in real life.   Keywords: interpersonal conflict, expressed struggle, interdependence, perceived incompatible goal, perceived scarce resources, interference

Automation of Keithley 617 Programmable Electrometer System for Obtaining Current-Voltage Characteristics

The hardware and software of the Keithley 617 Programmable Electrometer System, which is used for electrical characterization of materials and devices, have been automated so that users can work under convenient environment. The main constraint in automation of the system was budget. It was decided that the PCL488 ISA card is reused. The computer supporting the ISA bus was Pentium II with 128 Megabytes of RAM and the best operating system for the Pentium II computer was Windows 98 SE. The software driver for the PCL488 card was also updated to be CEC488 v7, which is the latest version for Windows. Interactive software for measurement, processing and displaying data has been written by using the Borland Delphi version 6.0, which is a programming language with graphical-user interface capability. Therefore, users can operate the system conveniently. Keywords: Electrometer, Device, GPIB, I-V characteristic, Material, Programmin

Pendidikan agama Islam dan budi pekerti kelas X

Penyajian buku teks untuk disusun dengan tujuan agar peserta didik dapat melakukan proses pencarian pengetahuan berkenaan dengan materi pelajaran melalui berbagai aktivitas para ilmuwan dalam melakukan eksperimen, dengan demikian peserta didik diarahkan untuk menemukan sendiri berbagai fakta, membangun konsep, dan nilai-nilai baru secara mandi