Kajian Lingkungan Tempat Pemilahan Sampah di Kota Makassar

This study aims to evaluate the existing condition of waste sorting place in Makkassar City and the existing regulations in supporting the handling of waste in Makassar City in order to produce formulation of waste sorting system from household to TPS. Methods of data collection used in this study are: (1) study of literature and regulation, and waste management system in several cities and major countries to be adopted in Makassar; (2) field survey to find out the complaints in the community around the place of sorting of garbage; (3) Focus Group Discussion (FGD) from various stakeholders including the community around the place of waste segregation and related SKPD. Likert scale (as one of attitude scale) for the development of statistical analysis technique where ordinal data is converted to interval data, the result will be analyzed using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to formulate policy about septic and environmentally friendly waste separation place in Makassar City. The result of the research shows that: (1) Waste Bank and TPS3R in Makassar city can improve the economy of society and reduce unemployment, (2) Waste Bank in Makassar city acceptable to society and not cause negative impact, (3) TPS3TR in Makassar City according to people's perception around the location can make dirty air due to dust and environmental smoke, (4) TPS3TR in Makassar City according to the perception of the people around the location can disrupt the general traffic around the TPS3R location, (5) Garbage Bank and TPS3R in Makassar City can improve people's economy and reduce unemployment

Kualitas Papan Komposit yang Terbuat dari Limbah Kayu Sengon dan Karton Daur Ulang

The use of recycled carton as an alternative material for the layer of composite board may increase the board strength properties. The objective of this research was to find out the influence of face and back layer types on the quality of produced boards. Materials used in this study were wafer made from sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), water based polymer isocyanate adhesive, and several kinds of cartons such as duplex carton, recycled carton, and waste of corrugated board. The composite board was produced with the target density of 0.65 g/cm3 and the resin solid content of 6% based on oven dry weight of particle, face and back layers. The results are as follows : 1) Utilization of carton layers improved the dimensional stability and bending strength of board; 2) Composite board with recycled carton layer fullfilled the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A-5908-1994 for wafer board type in terms of density, water content, and modulus of rupture (MOR) in lengthwise and widhtwise of board but, did not fullfill that for veneered particled board type; 3) The presence of those layer material types decreased internal bond of the board. Keywords : composite board, face and back layer types, recyled carto

Inovasi Karakteristik Produk Souvenir Bambu Laminasi sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Teknologi Pembuatan Souvenir yang Ekonomis dan Ramah Lingkungan

Bamboo plants have long been known as the raw material for souvenir products, but the diversity of bamboo products is limited to the basic shape of the cylinder, the segments, and the hollow. Application of lamination technology is useful to shape bamboo as desired. Laminate bamboo technology has been widely developed, but limited to the purpose of construction and furniture. However, the use of technology for souvenir purposes remain limited. This research is conducted to identify the characteristics of souvenir products made from raw laminated Petung bamboo. Petung (Denrocalanus asper) is chosen because the blade is thick and the diameter is relatively large compare to other bamboo species. This type of souvenir product used in this research is board and beam based. Identification of product characteristics is done by qualitative method (interview) and quantitative (observation of defective products). Souvenir products made from raw bamboo laminate tend to have a higher aesthetic value than solid wood products. The results showed that the average defect-free value of souvenir products was 66%, and included in defect-free class II, with good machining quality. Of the 30 respondents interviewed related to the perception of bamboo laminate products, 53% of respondents said the type of product is interesting, while 36% said very interesting. On the scale of 1-10, most of the respondents choose 8 and 9. It indicates that the uniqueness, function, and distinctiveness of the product are important for the respondents. The additional future such as better shape and function adjustment, and improved finishing quality will further enhance consumer interest in bamboo laminate souvenir products

Characteristics of Several Wood from Community Forest as Potential Application for Raw Material for Composite Board

Four species of fast growing species are potential forest product from community forest. The four species are Jabon (Antochepalus cadamba), lento-lento (Arthrophyllum diversifolium), akasia (Acacia mangium) and pulai (Alstonia spp). The objective of the research was to examine several basic properties (i.e., fiber dimension, physical, chemical and crystallinities) of woods. Fiber dimension were according to IAWA Standard. The properties of physical were conducted according to American Standard Testing Machine (ASTM) D 143 2002, while chemical properties were analyzed according to TAPPI Standard. The results indicated that except acacia wood, the basic properties of woods as forest product from the community forest are suitable for application to particle boards

CHARACTERISTIC OF BINDERLESS COMPLY MADE FROM SENGON WOOD USING OXIDATION TREATMENT

Comply is one type of composites product that has several advantages including high modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. Technology for producing binderless comply has been developed by using oxidation treatment. The treatment was used to produce free radical in chemical component of particle and veneer that can form bond formation between particle or veneer when hot pressing was applicated. Produced comply will free from formaldehyde emission because it was produced without adhesive. Method to produce binderless comply has been studied in our previous work and its indicated that optimum oxidant distribution between veneer and particle is 1 : 6 w/w. The purpose of this study is to determine optimum oxidant level to produce binderless comply. Materials used in this study were particle and veneer from sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria). Particle and veneer in air dry condition were oxidized using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate in various level, namely; 5/5 ; 5/7.5 ; 10/5 ; 10/7.5 ; 15/5 ; 15/7.5 ; 20/5 ; 20/7.5 (hydrogen peroxide/ferrous sulphate). Hydrogen peroxyde was calculated based on oven dry weight of particle and veneer, meanwhile, ferrous sulphate was calculated based on hydrogen peroxyde weight. Oxidized particle and veneer were hot pressed in 180?? C for 12 minutes. The density target of comply were 0.75 g cm-3 with dimension of 30 x 30 x 0,7 cm. The result indicated that 10% hydrogen peroxide and 5% ferrous sulphate are adequate to produce high quality of binderless comply. The mechanical properties of the boards are fullfill Japanese Industrial Standard A 5908 2003

SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL TANPA PEREKAT DARI KAYU KEMIRI PADA KADAR OKSIDATOR YANG BERVARIASI

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menentukan kadar oksidator optimal dalam pembuatan papan partikel tanpa perekat dengan menggunakan perlakuan oksidasi. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah partikel kayu kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) dengan ukuran lolos saringan 10 mesh. Partikel dalam kondisi kering udara dioksidasi dengan hidrogen peroksida dengan kadar yang bervariasi yaitu 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% berdasarkan berat kering partikel dan fero sulfat dengan kadar 5% dan 7,5% berdasarkan berat hidrogen peroksida. Papan dibuat dengan ukuran 30 cm x 30 cm x 0,7 cm dengan kerapatan sasaran 0,75 g cm-3. Pengujian papan dilakukan dengan merujuk pada Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5908 2003. Hasil-hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kadar hidrogen peroksida menghasilkan papan partikel dengan stabilitas dimensi dan sifat mekanis yang semakin baik. Akan tetapi peningkatan kadar fero sulfat tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan pada perbaikan sifat fisik dan mekanis papan partikel. Papan partikel yang memiliki karakterisitik terbaik adalah papan partikel yang dibuat dengan perlakuan oksidasi menggunakan 20% hidrogen peroksida dan 7,5% fero sulfat. Stabilitas dimensi dan sifat mekanis papan partikel tanpa perekat tersebut memenuhi JIS A 5908 2003

Correlation between Social Media Utilization and the Young Generation’s Online Shopping Behavior in Eastern Indonesia

Online shopping is popular among generations Y and Z in Indonesia. This research study evaluated consumer online shopping behavior in Eastern Indonesia, a lower income and lower internet penetration region than western Indonesia. Online study questionnaires were distributed to the region's main cities or provincial capitals to collect profile data on the internet and social media use in the Indonesian society. A total of 613 respondents completed the questionnaires. Correspondence analysis was used to assess the relationship between two categorical variables. Instagram was the most popular social media followed by Facebook, Youtube, Twitter, and TikTok. Most of the respondents used more than one platform. Almost all respondents had shopped online (95.76%) after a product review from mainly consumer reviews and rarely from promotions by influencers. However, online shoppers were still wary of products that did not match their online description

THE POSSIBILITY OF OXIDATION TREATMENT APPLICATION IN MANUFACTURING BINDERLESS PARTICLEBOARD USING SEVEREAL WOOD SPECIES FROM COMMUNITY FOREST

Binderless Particleboard manufacturing technology using oxidation treatment has been successfully applicated on sengon wood and candlenut wood species as raw material. The key factor of the technology is activating of wood chemical component. Therefore, wood species will determine the bond quality of resulting particleboard, because of it is closely related to variations in their chemical components. This study aimed to evaluate the possible application of oxidation technique to produce binderless particleboard made of several wood species from community forests. The wood species that used were pulai (Alstonia scholaris), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), acacia (Acacia mangium), and lento-lento (Athropyllum diversifolium). There are two particle type that used in this study namely coarse particles (shaving shape) with an average size of 10 x 5 x 0.1 mm and fine particles that pass 10 mesh sieve. Binderless particleboard was produced using oxidized particles. The results showed that produced particleboard made from several wood species have a various characterisitics both of particleboard made from coarse particles or fine particles. Good quality was found in jabon and lento-lento wood. It???s Bonding strength, modulus of elasticity, and dimensional stability fulfill JIS A 5908 2003. It???s indicated that wood species has significant effect on binderless particleboard quality

Carbon Dioxide Injection in Bamboo Cement Board Manufacturing

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CO2 injection in liquid phase to the physical and mechanical properties of cement board made from bamboo particles of Gigantochloa atter, Dendrocalamus asper and Schizostachyium brachycla. Mixtures of bamboo culm particles, cement, and water in the ratio by weight of 1:2.5:1.25 were casted in iron plate mold of (25x25x1) cm3, pressed and then hold for 24 h to obtain the target density of 1 g cm-3. The board was then injected by CO2 in liquid phase for 30 min of curing time period. Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of board were evaluated in accordance to JIS A 5417-1992 standard. The results showed that moisture content of the boards was 3.15-3.62%, density was 0.68-0.80 g cm-3, water absorption and thickness swelling after immersed in cold water for 24 h were 45.11-57.60%, and 0.65-0.87%, respectively. The internal bond, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were 0.18-0.74, 1339-5031, and 40.12-79.59 kg cm-2, respectively. Only cement board made from mixture of G. atter particles, cement and water met physical properties requirement of JIS A 5417-1992 standard. However, no cement board fulfilled the mechanical properties requirement of JIS A 5417-1992