Morphing engines classification by code histogram

Morphing engines or mutation engines are exploited by metamorphic virus to change the code appearance in every new generation. The purpose of these engines is to escape from the signature-based scanner, which employs a unique string signature to detect the virus. Although the obfuscation techniques try to convert the binary sequence of the code, in some techniques, the statistical feature of the code binaries will be still remain unchanged, relatively. Accordingly, this feature can be utilized to classify the engine and detect the morphed virus code. In this article, we are going to introduce a new idea to classify the obfuscation engines based on their code statistical feature using the histogram comparison

Mesoscale Simulation of Natural Convection in Square Cavity Driven by Discrete Two Source-Sink Pairs On One Sidewall

Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was applied to predict fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of natural convection in a two-dimensional square cavity driven by two discrete source-sink pairs on one vertical sidewall. The size of sources and sinks was L/4. The arrangement of the sources and sinks were alternately located. Simulations were conducted at Rayleigh number 1000 to 100000. The characteristics were represented by streamlines and isotherms. It was found that the solution is comparatively acceptable with other previous study applying conventional approach

Morphing Engines Classification by Code Histogram

Abstract-Morphing engines or mutation engines are exploited by metamorphic virus to change the code appearance in every new generation. The purpose of these engines is to escape from the signature-based scanner, which employs a unique string signature to detect the virus. Although the obfuscation techniques try to convert the binary sequence of the code, in some techniques, the statistical feature of the code binaries will be still remain unchanged, relatively. Accordingly, this feature can be utilized to classify the engine and detect the morphed virus code. In this article, we are going to introduce a new idea to classify the obfuscation engines based on their code statistical feature using the histogram comparison

A non-dominated sorting Differential Search Algorithm Flux Balance Analysis (ndsDSAFBA) for in silico multiobjective optimization in identifying reactions knockout

Metabolic engineering is defined as improving the cellular activities of an organism by manipulating the metabolic, signal or regulatory network. In silico reaction knockout simulation is one of the techniques applied to analyse the effects of genetic perturbations on metabolite production. Many methods consider growth coupling as the objective function, whereby it searches for mutants that maximise the growth and production rate. However, the final goal is to increase the production rate. Furthermore, they produce one single solution, though in reality, cells do not focus on one objective and they need to consider various different competing objectives. In this work, a method, termed ndsDSAFBA (non-dominated sorting Differential Search Algorithm and Flux Balance Analysis), has been developed to find the reaction knockouts involved in maximising the production rate and growth rate of the mutant, by incorporating Pareto dominance concepts. The proposed ndsDSAFBA method was validated using three genome-scale metabolic models. We obtained a set of non-dominated solutions, with each solution representing a different mutant strain. The results obtained were compared with the single objective optimisation (SOO) and multi-objective optimisation (MOO) methods. The results demonstrate that ndsDSAFBA is better than the other methods in terms of production rate and growth rate

Intelligent clasification sewage treatment plant (STP) using E-nose

The environment is an invaluable gift. In an era of progress, economic activities and development projects are often carried out to improve living standards and keep pace with other developed countries. However, this activity has had a negative impact on the environment because some parties still fail to control the disposal of waste that can cause environmental pollution. The effects of this pollution can give to discomfort and disruption to the life of the community. It is because the effects of toxic emissions have caused air pollution to spread foul odors. Therefore, this study was conducted to classify air odor and water odor from the treatment plant in the area of Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang Campus. The classification of air and water odors was done using case-based reasoning

Inspection of crude oil condition using electronic nose (E-nose)

Oil and gas production and distribution processes technologies are highly complex and capital-intensive. Crude oil is a high demand commodity in Malaysia and across the world. Physical and chemical properties are used to classify crude oil in oil and gas industries. The human's nose cannot distinguish the difference of smell among various crude oils grade. Conventional approaches to detect odour are expensive and difficult to operate. Due to declining production and increasing demand, using E-nose technologies to inspect the odour condition of crude oil might be a significant change in the industries. The Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) classification method also is utilised in this project to classify crude oil conditions. As a result, all crude oil samples have their odour profile pattern extracted through the normalisation of data. The performance accuracy of the CBR classifier achieved a high rate, which is 99.31% on average. Hence, the using of E-nose and utilising CBR are excellent methods in investigating odour

The study of groundwater source by using KNN classification

This study was focused on assessing the groundwater as a source using odor by electronic nose (E-nose). Water is a finite resource that essential for humans and ecosystem existence. The suitable quality water resources need to be paid attention since it controlled by naturalistic activities such as geology, motion of groundwater, and water-rock interaction. In general, it is tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless liquid but in other aspect, it also fulfills the need of minerals in human body up to a certain limit. The anthropogenic activities had caused an imbalance of these minerals in water that result in degradation of its quality. The aim of this study to apply an E-nose in classification of water and to identify odor pattern. It consists of sensor array which mimic the olfactory receptor in human nose that ability to sniff volatile odor that usually undetectable by human nose. K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) is applied in performing the intelligent classification with mean feature data as an input. The finding results shows that the E-nose sensitivity, specificity and accuracy indicates at 100% for Euclidean distance

Classification for ammonia in water by specific concentration using artificial neural network (ANN)

Water pollution caused by poor management of waste water release or dump need to be monitored. This paper present to monitor on ammonia release by industry which can caused death to plant worker. This monitoring was a combination between E-Nose and Classification techniques which is ANN. ANN the most common retrieval method that used in industry nowadays. Furthermore, ANN classification successful to classify 100% accuracy for specific concentration of Ammonia which is using Lavernberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm with supervised learning and fast convergence Back Propagation (BP) method

Acceptance and application of Islamic financial planning among small and medium enterprises Halal operator in Peninsular of Malaysia

Halal Industry in Malaysia has created employment opportunities especially among Small, medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). High demand for Halal products especially from Islamic countries has put Halal industry as one of the national agenda priorities. In the Eleventh Malaysia Plan (11MP), the halal industry had been given special emphasis by the Prime Minister to ensuring the halal industry is highly and persistently competitive. In Asia, Malaysia has been considered as a leader in the development of the Halal hub center. However, halal industry is not only about halal food production, but also it covers Islamic finance services which prohibit interest (riba), uncertainties (gharar) and gambling (maysir). Islamic financial planning is one of the important parts of Islamic finance because it plays a big role in providing Shariah compliant funds and investment opportunities especially for SMEs halal operators. The holistic approach to halal industry should also cover not only halal food production, but also Islamic financial planning which includes activities such as how to create, increase, purify and to protect wealth from Islamic perspective. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between acceptance of Islamic finance and the application of Islamic financial planning among SMEs halal operators in Peninsular Malaysia. The findings of this study reveal that the acceptance of Islamic finance was significantly correlated with the application of Islamic financial planning among SMEs halal operator. These finding indicated the important of integration between acceptance on the Halal industry with Islamic financial planning activities. SMEs Halal operators should be able to accept the Islamic finance principles. This relationship recognises the importance of acceptance and practice of Islamic financial planning among halal SMEs operators in promoting halal products and services and boost demand for Malaysian halal products at the international level

Populations with higher average intelligence are healthier, but do they smoke fewer cigarettes?

Societies with high intelligence quotient (IQ) practice healthier lifestyles, which results in enhanced health status and higher life expectancy. This paper attempts to examine the impact of national average IQ on level of cigarette consumption at a cross-country level. Since smoking is detrimental for human health and causes about ten percent of the total number of deaths every year worldwide, this research is deemed important. Regression analysis with robust standard errors was employed to scrutinize the effect of national IQ on cigarette consumption. After controlling for demographic factors, IQ was found to have significantly positive associations with all measures of cigarette consumption. Unlike the control variables, the positive effect of IQ on smoking was found to be robust to spatial dependence. Nevertheless, the positive effect gradually reduced as the IQ level increased. The proposed explanation is that cigarette smoking is an evolutionarily novel activity that did not previously exist in human ancestral environments. Therefore, as the IQ level rises, societies initially are more likely to appreciate and adopt the novel behavior of smoking. In high-IQ societies, the positive relationship eventually weakens as people become more aware of the health hazards of smoking