MR Imaging and Histopathologic Findings of A Case of Cerebral Ganglioneurocytoma

We report a case of ganglioneurocytoma manifesting as a complex partial seizure in a young adult male. MR images depicted a well-marginated cystic mass with a heterogeneous solid portion abutting the dura in the parietal lobe. The solid portion showed minimal heterogeneous enhancement, and pressure erosion of the overlying calvarium had occurred. Following gross total resection, the clinical outcome was satisfactory, with no further seizures, and during the five-year follow-up period, the tumor did not recur

Wear behavior of diamond wheel for grinding optical connector ferrule - FEA and wear test -

The grinding characteristics and the wear behavior of diamond wheel for grinding the optical connector ferrule were investigated by finite element analysis (FEA) and wear test. FEA of contact between diamond wheel and ferrule shows that the subsurface damage area of ferrule is 13μm from the interface of abrasive particle and matrix. Fallout of abrasive particle is affected by the stress state at the interface. A 2-D finite element model was established to calculate the distribution of stress at the interface. As the result of FEA, fallout condition of abrasive was concerned with the ratio of the critical protrusion; the ratio of particle size is about 0.6. FE model was established to investigate the effects of the diamond concentration of wheel. The FEA result shows that the lower concentration of it has larger wear volume due to the small stress propagation. To investigate grinding performance, the pin-on-disc wear test was carried out for three types of concentrations 75%, 100% and 125%. Through the wear test, it was confirmed that the 75% wheel concentration has the highest amount of wear volume. This result shows good agreement with that of FEA. And 100% concentration by considering the grinding ratio of the wheel shows the best optimized result for the grinding performance

Longitudinal profiling of oligomeric A beta in human nasal discharge reflecting cognitive decline in probable Alzheimer's disease

Despite clinical evidence indicating a close relationship between olfactory dysfunction and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), further investigations are warranted to determine the diagnostic potential of nasal surrogate biomarkers for AD. In this study, we first identified soluble amyloid-β (Aβ), the key biomarker of AD, in patient nasal discharge using proteomic analysis. Then, we profiled the significant differences in Aβ oligomers level between patient groups with mild or moderate cognitive decline (n = 39) and an age-matched normal control group (n = 21) by immunoblot analysis and comparing the levels of Aβ by a self-standard method with interdigitated microelectrode sensor systems. All subjects received the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) for grouping. We observed higher levels of Aβ oligomers in probable AD subjects with lower MMSE, higher CDR, and higher GDS compared to the normal control group. Moreover, mild and moderate subject groups could be distinguished based on the increased composition of two oligomers, 12-mer Aβ*56 and 15-mer AβO, respectively. The longitudinal cohort study confirmed that the cognitive decline of mild AD patients with high nasal discharge Aβ*56 levels advanced to the moderate stage within three years. Our clinical evidence strongly supports the view that the presence of oligomeric Aβ proteins in nasal discharge is a potential surrogate biomarker of AD and an indicator of cognitive decline progression. © 2020, The Author(s).1