Maintaining a Life of Subsistence in the Bemba Village of Northeastern Zambia

The Bemba people, who are living in the woodland area of northeastern Zambia, have developed a unique slash-and-burn cultivation system, called citemene system. It is now censured as the cause of deforestation and the Bemba people are faced with agricultural modernization. There are some villages where people have been maintaining a life of subsistence based on citemene, while other villages have introduced modern agriculture. This paper aims to provide a clear picture of the "traditional" life of subsistence and its structure in a Bemba village. Their subsistence strategies are classified into two-ways: self-sufficient strategies and cash-getting strategies. Although cash economy has deeply penetrated, several factors work to maintain the life of subsistence. Cash-getting activities remain on a small scale basis because of the limitation of finger millet, which is the main source of cash. Unstable marriage bonds cause produce widows. Thus it is common that the widow's household and the household with a husband co-exist in one village. Difference in the household composition results in different output of subsistence activities, which may produce social disparity. However, "leveling mechanisms" based on the social principle of sharing woks to balance the differences, which assures the subsistence life of a community as a whole

Factors influencing the development of self-oriented perfectionism: the social expectations model

Perfectionism is a personality characteristic involved in various negative outcomes, including mental disorder. Perfectionism, which demands perfection of oneself, is called ‘‘self-oriented perfectionism.’’ In the present study, we focused on the social expectations model in which parental expectations make children perfectionists to investigate the differences in perceived parental expectations and the method of receiving parental expectations on several types of self-oriented perfectionists using a questionnaire survey (Study 1) and interviews (Study 2). The results of Study 1 showed that two types of self-oriented perfectionists differed in their method of receiving parental expectations. The results of Study 2 showed qualitative differences in perceived parental expectations and the method of receiving them between two types of self-oriented perfectionists. The findings suggest the possibility that the social expectations model has limitations in its application to self-oriented perfectionists who show a tendency to be concerned with their mistakes

A Large-Scale Gene Expression Comparison of Microdissected, Small-Sized Endometrial Cancers with or without Hyperplasia Matched to Some-Patient Normal Tissue

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博乙第1621号, 学位授与年月日 : 平成18年4月19日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大学, 主査教授 : 井上 正樹, 副査教授 : 金子 周一, 並木 幹

Threonine 138 is crucial for the Quaternary Structure and the Thermostability of Thermus thermophilus Inorganic Pyrophosphatase.

Inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC. 3.6.1.1) from Thermus thermophilus (Tth PPase) forms the thermostable hexamer，and it was suggested from X-ray studies that its intersubunit interactions stabilize the whole molecule. However，the contribution of Thr138 at the intertrimer interface to quatemary structure and thermostability was unknown functionally. Therefore，we prepared four Thr138-substituted variants (T138A，V ，N ，and H) by site-directed mutagenesis. Then，thermostabilities of the enzyme activity and the quatemary structure for T138V and A were decreased relative to those of the wild type Tth PPase，whereas T138H and N variants remained much hexamer contents and the enzyme activity than T138V and A. Therefore，we suggest that the polar group in Thr138 of Tth PPase is more crucial than the methyl group for thermostability and quatemary structure，and it may contribute to the formation of stable trimer-trimer interface

Phenotypic heterogeneity in a family with FAP due to a TTR Leu58Arg mutation: A clinicopathologic study

金沢大学医学部附属病院神経内科A family with familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) due to a transthyretin (TTR) Leu58Arg mutation was investigated clinicopathologically. The proband presented with sensorimotor-autonomic polyneuropathy and autopsy demonstrated massive amyloid deposition in the peripheral nerves and heart. However, the mother was characterized by carpal tunnel syndrome and ocular vitreous opacities. Thus, there was considerable phenotypic heterogeneity among family members despite the identical TTR genotype. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

752-5 Dose the “No Reflow” Phenomenon Immediately After Successful Direct Angioplasty Always Indicate Poor Functional Recovery?

Experimental studies have demonstrated that “no reflow” phenomenon after prolonged coronary occlusion indicates advanced myocardial necrosis. In clinical settings, previous studies have suggested that presence of “no reflow” phenomenon following thrombolysis is a useful predictor of poor functional recovery. To test the hypothesis that “no reflow” phenomenon is closely related to the recovery of regional wall motion in a reperfused AMI, we studied 42 myocardial segments in 18 patients with AMI who achieved successful direct angioplasty. MCE was performed immediately after direct angioplasty and repeated 2 weeks later with intracoronary injection of sonicated albumin. Contrast effect in each segment was scored as 0–2 (0, 1 and 2 denoting no, partial and homogeneous contrast effect, respectively). 2D-Echo was performed at day-1 and repeated 1 month later. Wall motion (WM) by 2D-Echo was scored as 0–3 (scores of 0 to 3 indicating dys/akinetic segments to normal. respectively). The relation between mean WM and MCE score immediately after direct angioplasty was as follows:MCE scoreday-l WM1 Month WMChange2 (n=20)1.1±0.8**1.7±0.7*,#0.6±0.91 (n=7)0.6±0.8*1.4±1.4#0.9±0.90 (n=15)0.0±0.00.8±1.0##0.8±1.0*p<0.01**p<0.001 vs. MCE score=0#p<0.05##p<0.01 vs. day-l WMSeven of 15 segments (47%) with MCE score=0 immediately after direct angioplasty showed functional recovery at 1 month later, and 6 of the 7 segments (86%) showed contrast enhancement at 2 weeks later restudy.ConclusionAbout one half of segments which showed no contrast enhancement immediately after direct angioplasty showed functional recovery at 1 month later, and the majority of these segments showed contrast enhancement at 2 weeks later restudy. The “no reflow” phenomenon by MCE immediately after successful direct angioplasty dose not always indicate poor functional recovery

Spatial variations in the molecular diversity of dissolved organic matter in water moving through a boreal forest in eastern Finland

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Algal protein kinase, Triacylglycerol Accumulation Regulator 1, modulates cell viability and gametogenesis in carbon/nitrogen imbalanced conditions

Nutrient-deprived microalgae accumulate triacylglycerol (TAG) in lipid droplets. A dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase, TAG accumulation regulator 1 (TAR1) has been shown to be required for acetate-dependent TAG accumulation and the degradation of chlorophyll and photosynthesis-related proteins in photomixotrophic nitrogen (N)-deficient conditions (Kajikawa et al. 2015). However, this previous report only examined particular condition. Here, we report that in photoautotrophic N-deficient conditions, tar1-1 cells, with a mutation in the TAR1 gene, maintained higher levels of cell viability and lower levels of hydrogen peroxide generation and accumulated higher levels of TAG and starch compared with those of wild-type (WT) cells with bubbling of air containing 5% carbon dioxide. Transcriptomic analyses suggested that genes involved in the scavenging of reactive oxygen species are not repressed in tar1-1 cells. In contrast, the mating efficiency and mRNA levels of key regulatory genes for gametogenesis, MID, MTD, and FUS, were suppressed in tar1-1 cells. Among the TAR1-dependent phosphopeptides deduced by phosphoproteomic analysis, protein kinases and enzymes related to N assimilation and carbon (C) metabolism are of particular interest. Characterization of these putative downstream factors may elucidate the molecular pathway whereby TAR1 mediates cellular propagation and C and N metabolism in C/N-imbalanced stress conditions