Characterization of two-level system noise for microwave kinetic inductance detector comprising niobium film on silicon substrate

A microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) is a cutting-edge superconducting detector. It comprises a resonator circuit constructed with a superconducting film on a dielectric substrate. To expand its field of application, it is important to establish a method to suppress the two-level system (TLS) noise that is caused by the electric fluctuations between the two energy states at the surface of the substrate. The electric field density can be decreased by expanding the strip width (S) and gap width from the ground plane (W) in the MKID circuit, allowing the suppression of TLS noise. However, this effect has not yet been confirmed for MKIDs made with niobium films on silicon substrates. In this study, we demonstrate its effectiveness for such MKIDs. We expanded the dimension of the circuit from (S, W) = (3.00 μm, 4.00 μm) to (S, W) = (5.00 μm, 23.7 μm), and achieved an increased suppression of 5.5 dB in TLS noise

Search for Dark Photon Dark Matter in the Mass Range 74-110 μeV with a Cryogenic Millimeter-Wave Receiver

ミリ波を用いたダークマター探索手法を確立. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-03-07.Thinking big and dark by starting small and light: Millimeter-wave technologies assist in examining 'light' dark matter. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-03-23.We search for the dark photon dark matter (DPDM) using a cryogenic millimeter-wave receiver. DPDM has a kinetic coupling with electromagnetic fields with a coupling constant of χ and is converted into ordinary photons at the surface of a metal plate. We search for signal of this conversion in the frequency range 18-26.5 GHz, which corresponds to the mass range 74-110 μeV/c². We observed no significant signal excess, allowing us to set an upper bound of χ<(0.3-2.0)×10⁻¹⁰ at 95% confidence level. This is the most stringent constraint to date and tighter than cosmological constraints. Improvements from previous studies are obtained by employing a cryogenic optical path and a fast spectrometer

Search for Dark Photon Dark Matter in the Mass Range 41--74 μeV\mu\mathrm{eV} using Millimeter-Wave Receiver and Radioshielding Box

Dark photons have been considered potential candidates for dark matter. The dark photon dark matter (DPDM) has a mass and interacts with electromagnetic fields via kinetic mixing with a coupling constant of $\chi$. Thus, DPDMs are converted into ordinary photons at metal surfaces. Using a millimeter-wave receiver set in a radioshielding box, we performed experiments to detect the conversion photons from the DPDM in the frequency range 10--18 GHz, which corresponds to a mass range 41--74 $\mu\mathrm{eV}$. We found no conversion photon signal in this range and set the upper limits to $\chi < (0.5\text{--}3.9) \times 10^{-10}$ at a 95% confidence level.Comment: 8 pages, 14 figure

REKAYASA HIDRAULIKA KESTABILAN LERENG DENGAN SISTEM SIPHON: STUDI KASUS DI DAERAH KARANGSAMBUNG, JAWA TENGAH

Engineering measures to stabilize slopes with low water tables have been widely developed but mostly required high operating costs. This research conveys a subsurface drainage engineering method widely used in European countries but not yet applied in Indonesia: Siphon. This method aims to lower groundwater level, hence increases slope stability. Siphon installation was carried out by boring 3 holes to 4 m depth and constructing monitoring wells at each hole to check the groundwater level. Siphon system was fitted up to the toe slope leading to an outlet. Comparison of measured discharge and calculated discharge was made to verify siphon parameters. It is conclude that mathematical approach could provide back analysis of parameters changing the discharge values. The changing parameters are roughness and coefficient of discharge. The siphon roughness changed to 0.018, 0.017 and 0.018 and coefficient of discharge changed to 0.0589, 0.0193, and 0.0348 for siphon 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The changing roughness values indicated a blockage in the siphon system due to the trapped fine grained soils. To overcome this problem the filter and siphon wells must be regularly cleaned to prevent fine materials to enter the system and being attached to the rubber tube wall.ABSTRAKPerekayasaan kestabilan lereng dengan karakteristik muka airtanah dangkal telah banyak dikembangkan, walaupun cenderung memerlukan nilai operasional yang tinggi. Salah satu metode metode perekayasaan drainase bawah permukaan yang telah dikembangkan negara maju di Eropa namun belum diaplikasikan di Indonesia adalah metode siphon. Metode ini merupakan sistem rekayasa hidraulika yang bertujuan untuk menurunkan muka airtanah sehingga kestabilan lereng meningkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui parameter/faktor apa yang berubah sehingga mempengaruhi nilai debit Siphon, dengan menggunakan pendekatan matematis. Pemasangan sistem Siphon telah dilakukan dengan cara membuat lubang bor sedalam 4 m sebanyak 3 titik dan sumur pemantauan pada tiap titik yang berfungsi sebagai pengecekan muka air tanah. Sistem siphon dipasang sampai pada kaki lereng yang berujung pada outlet. Perbandingan debit hitungan matematis dan debit terukur dilakukan sehingga didapatkan verifikasi parameter yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan dengan pendekatan matematis bisa dilakukan analisis balik mengenai parameter apa yang mengubah nilai debit. Parameter yang berubah pada penelitian ini ialah nilai kekasaran dan koefisien debit. Perubahan nilai kekasaran Siphon 1, Siphon 2, dan Siphon 3 menjadi masing-masing 0,018, 0,017, dan 0,018 dan koefisien debitnya masing-masing 0,0589, 0,0193, dan 0,0348. Perubahan nilai kekasaran yang lebih besar mengindikasikan adanya material sumbatan yaitu tanah butiran halus yang berada pada sumur Siphon dan masuk ke sistem Siphon. Untuk mengatasinya, filter yang ada dan sumur Siphon perlu dibersihkan sehingga material sumbatan tidak masuk ke dalam sistem dan menempel pada dinding selang

Konservasi Kawasan Geosite Berbasis Ketahanan Lingkungan dan Kelembagaan

Keanekaragaman warisan geologi, hayati, dan keragaman budaya Kabupaten Kebumen menjadi dasar penetapan wilayah ini menjadi salah satu geopark nasional. Delineasi Kawasan Geopark Nasional Karangsambung Karangbolong meliputi Kawasan Karangsambung, Kawasan Sempor, dan Kawasan Karst Gombong Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi ketahanan lingkungan dan kelembagaan secara deskriptif kualitatif di sekitar kawasan geosite. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan geosite yang berada bersebelahan dengan DAS Luk Ulo menunjukkan kerentanan lingkungan yang signifikan. Aktivitas penambangan berdampak sistemik terhadap konservasi geosite dan kerusakan ekosistem, terutama kelestarian sumberdaya air. Pembatasan aktivitas eksploitasi penambangan di sekitar kawasan geosite membutuhkan peran aktif kelembagaan, khususnya Pokdarwis. Kelembagaan yang kondusif perlu melakukan pengembangan geopark berkelanjutan dengan mengedepankan prinsip-prinsip konservasi, edukasi, dan pemberdayaan sosial ekonomi masyarakat secara berkelanjutan yang bersinergi dengan pihak-pihak terkait Penguatan konsep pengembangan kawasan geopark terhadap Pokdarwis dengan mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip konservasi lingkungan dan edukasi perlindungan warisan geologi (geoheritage) menjadi mutlak diperlukan. Kata Kunci : geopark, geosite, lingkungan, konservasi, kelembagaan

Pointing calibration of GroundBIRD telescope using Moon observation data

Understanding telescope pointing (i.e., line of sight) is important for observing the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and astronomical objects. The Moon is a candidate astronomical source for pointing calibration. Although the visible size of the Moon (\ang{;30}) is larger than that of the planets, we can frequently observe the Moon once a month with a high signal-to-noise ratio. We developed a method for performing pointing calibration using observational data from the Moon. We considered the tilts of the telescope axes as well as the encoder and collimation offsets for pointing calibration. In addition, we evaluated the effects of the nonuniformity of the brightness temperature of the Moon, which is a dominant systematic error. As a result, we successfully achieved a pointing accuracy of \ang{;3.3}. This is one order of magnitude smaller than an angular resolution of \ang{;36}. This level of accuracy competes with past achievements in other ground-based CMB experiments using observational data from the planets.Comment: 18 pages, 17 figures, 3 table