Histopathologic Feature(s) of the Dactylogyrus Sp-Infected Gills in the Ornamental Marine Fish

In the present study, Dactylogyrus sp. was examined in the gill(s) of the ornamental marine fish due to the fact that this kind of parasite is very often found in those fishes without any pathognomonic clinical signs orpathologic anantomic lesions. The gill(s) samples collection and examination were performed in the Laboratory of Balai Karantina Ikan, Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan. during Janury-July 2011. At first, the gills were examined natively and were subsequently processed for histopathologic examination. In the native examination, it was found the Dactylogyrus sp. with their size(s) ranging from 200-500 um. At necropsy, the gills were swollen and looked darker than normal. Based on the histopathologic lesions, the epithelial cells of the gills lamellas either primary or secondary became hyperplasia and fusion. The fusion of the gills is primarily thought to cause fatal to the fish due to significant oxygen depletion

Immunocytochemical Study on Blood and Organ Suspension of Tiger Grouper (Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus) Infected with Field Isolate of Viral Nervous Necrosis

One potential marine cultures that have been developed and started to show the International market is grouper. Grouper culture can not be separated from factors that can affect disease and thwart cultivation. One of the diseases that has been reported by researchers is viral nervous necrosis (VNN) causing mass mortality in fish, especially grouper larvae and juvenile stadia. Laboratory of Balai KIPM kelas l Denpasar develop rapid diagnostic techniques, precise and accurate test using immunocytochemistry of blood and organs as one of the initial inspection. Tiger grouper sized 150-300 g as much as 50 and acclimatized, then 10 fishes used as controls, 40 fishes were injected with inoculum VNN 101.5 reared without water replacement cycle for ten days. Clinical observation and organ sampling performed 12 hours post-infection and consecutive every 12 hours. Blood samples and organs were collected for immunocytochemical (streptavidin-biotin) and a confirmatory test using RT - PCR using kit IQ -2000 VNN. Immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR showed positive results against VNN blood smears and suspensions organs of grouper fish with 24 hours post-infection . Based on the test results, the immunocytochemistry test on the blood and organ suspensions can be used as a detection technique VNN which is rapid, precise and accurate

Immunocytochemistry Streptavidin Biotin: Early Detection of Viral Nervous Necrosis Virus in the Mucous of the Ikan Kerapu Macan(Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus)

Kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) is one of the kerapu fishes that has been successfully bred by the farmers. The survival rate of the fish reaches up to the 40% at the fish hatchery of the home industry of in Bali. The disease in which may cause significant mortality in kerapu fish, especially for the larvae and juveniles is viral nervous necrosis (VNN). We therefore developed and applied the immunological diagnostic approach of immunocytochemistry technique of streptavidin biotin (SB) for early detection of VNN. Mucous samples of VNN infected- kerapu fish in vivo were firstly detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (R T -PCR) for the presence of DNA VNN. If it is RT -PCR-positive VNN, the mucous samples were then tested by SB. Results of the present study indicated that the VNN virus could be detected with SB technique within only 24 hours post infection. It was concluded that rapid and accurate SB technique is suitable and appropriate to be applied for routine control and prevention national program in the Fish Quarantine for Indonesia because no need of fish sacrification, and scientific, law and International accepted, and even no hazardous environmental contamination