Education for The Improvement of Student Awareness on Cleanliness and Environmental Health

The results of the situation analysis show that poor hygiene conditions and sanitation facilities that do not comply with health standards occur at SMAIT ANIC, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan. Based on the results of this analysis, the Community Partnership Program (PKM) seeks to solve this problem. The PKM program implemented as a solution is education about cleanliness, to increase the school community's knowledge and awareness of the importance of school cleanliness. School cleanliness plays a role in the implementation of education in schools. The method used in the activity is a lecture with questionnaires given before and after the activity as a means of evaluation. This activity also emphasizes active participation from all parties involved, including students and teachers, as well as school administration staff. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' understanding and awareness of the meaning of school cleanliness and sanitation. These results indicate that the objectives of this PKM program have been achieved. Increasing knowledge will certainly have an impact on environmental cleanliness and clean-living habits of students

Magnetic Characterization of Sand and Boulder Samples from Citarum River and Their Origin

The Citarum River is a nationally strategic river located near Bandung, the capital city of West Java Province. The feasibility of using magnetic methods for monitoring pollution level is currently being tested in the river. Due to its location in a volcanic area, the sediments from the river are expected to be highly magnetic. In this study, sand and boulder samples from Balekambang, a relatively pristine upstream area of the river, were subjected to magnetic and geochemical characterizations to establish the baseline for unpolluted sediments. Such baseline is important for future magnetic monitoring of sediments in the river. The mass-specific magnetic susceptibility of boulder samples was found to be varied from 819.2 to 2340.5 × 10-8m3 kg-1 while that of sand samples varied from 2293.9 to 3845.3 × 10-8m3 kg-1. These high magnetic susceptibility values infer that river sediments are highly magnetic even before being contaminated by industrial and household wastes. The predominant magnetic mineral in sand samples was multi-domain magnetite while that in boulder samples was single to pseudo-single domain magnetite. These differences were supported by the results from petrographic and XRF analyses, implying that the sand and boulder samples originated from different geological formations

Potensi Nanokomposit Fe3O4@C dari Bijih Besi Sebagai Pendeteksi Kadar Glukosa

Sintesis nanokomposit Fe3O4@C dari bijih besi Tanah Laut dan sumber karbon dari gula pasir telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kopresipitasi dan metode hidrotermal. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik Fe3O4@C berbahan bijih besi. Sebanyak 6 g bijih besi digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan Fe3O4. FeSO4.7H2O digunakan sebagai sumber ion Fe2+. Sampel diaduk dengan menggunakan temperatur 70oC dengan kecepatan adukan 450 rpm. Karbon (C) disintesis menggunakan metode hidrotermal pada temperatur 300oC dengan menambahkan etilon glikol sebagai surfaktan. Sampel Fe3O4 dan C digabung pada suhu 250oC selama 30 menit dengan kecepatan 500 rpm. Sampel  Nanokomposit Fe3O4@C dikarakterisasi menggunakan Vibrating Sample Magnetometer, Fourier Transform Infrared, Transmission Electron Microscopy, serta elektrokimia. Dari penelitian, diperoleh nilai magnetisasi saturasi sebesar 24,82 emu/g, jenis ikatan yang terdapat dalam nanokomposit Fe3O4@C adalah ikatan Fe-O, C=O, C=N dan O-H, distribusi ukuran partikel dalam rentang 5 nm – 20 nm, dengan rata-rata ukuran partikel 12 nm, serta nilai sensitivitas 0,285 mA/ppm

KOMUNIKASI EMPATI PENGASUH DALAM POLA PENGASUHAN ANAK TERLANTAR DI PANTI SOSIAL PENGASUH ANAK (PSPA) KOTA PEKANBARU

The orphanage is a place where neglected children receive their physical needs, such as a place to live, as well as their spiritual needs, which are met by foster parents or caregivers. Caregivers can act as parents by providing neglected children with attention, affection, and a sense of security at the Pekanbaru City Social Care Center (PSPA), which is fully supervised by the Riau Province Social Service. Parenting neglected children is based on empathic communication. The purpose of this research is to determine the affective and cognitive aspects of empathic communication that occurs between caregivers and neglected children in the formation of an attitude of independence at the UPT Panti Social Caregivers (PSPA) Pekanbaru City. This is a qualitative research method with a humanistic perspective. Data for this study were gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions were used in technical data analysis. Participation extension and triangulation are used in the data validity technique. The finding showed that the affective aspect of empathic communication used by caregivers to foster the independence attititude of abandoned children was founded on deep feelings, sympathy and empathy, and a sense of care. Cognitive aspects of empathic communication between caregivers and abandoned children are formed through good relationships and the nature of similarity. Caregivers have a big responsibility in protecting abandoned children in social institutions so that they can be independent

Penggunaan Metoda Difraksi Sinar X dalam Menganalisa Kandungan Mineral Pada Batuan Ultra Basa Kalimantan Selatan

Kalimantan Selatan mempunyai potensi batuan ultrabasa yang cukup besar, sekitar 11 milyar ton yang tersebar pada lokasi Batulicin, Kelumpang Tengah, Pulau Sewangi dan Pulau Sebuku. Sebaran batuan ultra basa di Indonesia cukup luas, mulai dari Aceh, Sumatra Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Timur, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Tengah, NTT, Maluku, Irian Jaya Barat dan Papua. Luas sebaran seluruhnya mencapai 3 juta hektar. Dari sekian banyak sebaran batuan ultrabasa, diantaranya yang dekat aksesibilitasnya dengan aktifitas manusia (kota) adalah sebaran batuan ultrabasa di daerah Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Timur, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Tengah dan Papua. Pada umumnya batuan ultrabasa di tiap daerah terbentuknya memiliki komposisi mineral/kimianya yang tidak sama. Pengujian mineralogi dengan metoda difraksi sinar X (X-ray diffraction, XRD), di mana sebagian bahan batuan dianalisa untuk melihat komposisi unsurnya.Hasil analisa dengan mengunakan difraksi sinar X diketahui bahwa kandungan yang terdapat pada batuan ultrabasa (peridotit) ini adalah Ca (Mg, Fe) Si2O6; Na, Fe (Si2O6) ; Mg3 Si2 O5 (OH)4 (serpentine). Jika ditinjau dari faktor skala, maka urutan senyawa yang terkandung pada batuan ini adalah sebagai berikut: Na, Fe (Si2O6) dengan 0,997 faktor skala; Mg3 Si2 O5 (OH)4 dengan faktor skala 0,878 dan Ca (Mg, Fe) Si2O6 dengan faktor skala 0,813

Studi Mikroskopis Batuan dari Sungai Aranio Kalimantan Selatan dengan Metode Petrografi

Done observation petrography to detect colour, structure, texture, mineral composition and rock classification. Rock sample that taken from Aranio River, South Kalimantan as much as 4 (four) samples, made to be thin slice measures 6 cm x 3 cm x 3 mm use rock clipper dan rock slice refiner. Rock thin slice is analyzed by means of polarization microscope. Analysis result petrography mentions that any sample amphibolites rocks (hornblende sekis) that belong in faces metamorphic rock. Two samples among others textured grano-lepidoblastic and poikiloblastic, while two textured another samples granolepidoblastic and textured lepidoblastic and poikiloblastic. Crystal size from rock samples amphibolites revolve from 0,40 mm until 0,80 mm, has lineation structure (crystal instruction) and clear colour up to muddy greenness. This rock principal mineral composition consists of amphibole (34 – 60 %), quartz (22 – 44 %), plagioclase (4 – 14 %), biotitic (1 %), epidotic (4 – 10 %), garnet (1 – 2 %), cyanide (1 – 6 %) and pyroxene (2 %); addition mineral consists of oxide iron (1 – 3 %) and calcite (6%)

Estimasi Ukuran Bulir Mineral Magnetik pada Batuan Peridotit Berdasarkan Peluruhan Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (ARM)

A decaying measurement of Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (ARM) has been undertaken to estimation the grain size of magnetic mineral which carries remanent on peridotite igneous rocks. The samples are taken from Desa Aranio, Kabupaten Banjar, South Kalimantan. The samples are taken in a cylinder from with the diameter 2.54 cm and 2.2 cm in length by using Drill Model D026-C. The giving, measuring and decaying process of ARM is done by Molspin AF Demagnetizer, partial Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (pARM), and Minispin Magnetometer. The estimation of grain size of magnetic mineral is obtained by seeing ARM intensity decaying curve towards magnetic field shown by the samples of peridotite igneous rocks. The ARM intensity decaying curve show that the estimated peridotite rocks in research are dominated by multidomain and the size are big, whereas the distribution of the grain size is larger than 200 μm

Analisa Mineral Magnetik Pasir Sisa Pendulangan Intan di Cempaka, Kota Banjarbaru Berdasarkan Nilai Suseptibilitas Magnetik

Pasir sisa pendulangan intan memiliki ciri fisik warna kehitam-hitaman dan ditarik oleh magnet. Pasir ini diduga mengandung mineral magnetik yang bermanfaat sebagai bahan dasar pada industri besi, baja dan lainnya. Maka perlu dilakukan kajian tentang persentase kandungan mineral magnetik dan jenis mineral magnetik yang terkandung didalamnya. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung persentase kandungan mineral magnetik dan menentukan jenis mineral magnetiknya dengan metode pengukuran suseptibilitas magnetik.Hasil Pengukuran 10 buah sampel dari daerah Cempaka menunjukkan persentase kandungan mineral magnetik dari 100 gram sampel adalah 1,7% hingga 14% dengan nilai suseptibilitas magnetik antara 10,8 x 10-7 hingga 90,4 x 10-7 m3/kg yang diidentifikasi sebagian besar adalah mineral hematite (Fe2O3) sebagaimana yang ditunjukkan pada hasil difraksi sinar-X