Increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility in hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism a quite common thyroid disorder is often associated with anemia. Osmotic fragility is altered with an alteration of the thyroid profile. Hypothyroidism induced reduction of membrane cholesterol and compromised the activity of Na+K+ATPase and increased peroxidation of membrane lipids appear to be responsible for damaging the red blood corpuscle (RBC) membranes which alter the permeability of themembrane and thus ionic environment within the cell. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between the association of hypothyroidism and RBC membrane lipid peroxidation in the development of increased RBC osmotic fragility. A complete clinical history and biochemical investigations, including thyroid function tests namely, thyroid -stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (fT4), RBC membrane osmotic fragility test by gradient concentration of NaCl, and RBC membrane peroxidation using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) tests were performed among thirty two hypothyroidism patients and healthy controls. Serum TSH & TBARS in the RBC membrane were significantly higher (P <0.001) than healthy controls which also showed a significant positive correlation (r =0.8, P =0.01) when compared without grouping. Osmotic fragility of RBC was found significantly increased among hypothyroid patients (P <0.001) at NaCl conc. of 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% & (P <0.05) at NaCl conc. of 0.6%. In conclusion, the results indicated that RBC osmotic fragility increases significantly in hypothyroidism possibility due to increased membrane lipid peroxidation as observed in the study

Increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility in hypothyroidism

213-218Hypothyroidism a quite common thyroid disorder is often associated with anemia. Osmotic fragility is altered with an alteration of the thyroid profile. Hypothyroidism induced reduction of membrane cholesterol and compromised the activity of Na+K+ATPase and increased peroxidation of membrane lipids appear to be responsible for damaging the red blood corpuscle (RBC) membranes which alter the permeability of themembrane and thus ionic environment within the cell. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between the association of hypothyroidism and RBC membrane lipid peroxidation in the development of increased RBC osmotic fragility. A complete clinical history and biochemical investigations, including thyroid function tests namely, thyroid -stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (fT4), RBC membrane osmotic fragility test by gradient concentration of NaCl, and RBC membrane peroxidation using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) tests were performed among thirty two hypothyroidism patients and healthy controls. Serum TSH & TBARS in the RBC membrane were significantly higher (P <0.001) than healthy controls which also showed a significant positive correlation (r =0.8, P =0.01) when compared without grouping. Osmotic fragility of RBC was found significantly increased among hypothyroid patients (P <0.001) at NaCl conc. of 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% & (P <0.05) at NaCl conc. of 0.6%. In conclusion, the results indicated that RBC osmotic fragility increases significantly in hypothyroidism possibility due to increased membrane lipid peroxidation as observed in the study

Trianthema portulacastrum L.: Traditional medicine in healthcare and biology

127-145Medicinal plants are the major folk and traditional medicine for the prevention of diseases worldwide. Trianthema portulacastrum L. (family: Aizoaceae), a small perennial weed, found in the America, Africa, India, and other regions of the world, and are extensively used not only as medicine but also as vegetable for its various health benefits. Phytochemical analysis of T. portulacastrum reveals the presence of alkaloids, phytosterols, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated its pharmacological and biological activities. Different parts of T. portulacastrum L. are conventionally being used as analgesic, anti-pyretic, lipid lowering and microbicide agent; and protect liver and kidney from carcinogen, inflammation and oxidant chemicals

Trianthema portulacastrum L.: Traditional medicine in healthcare and biology

Medicinal plants are the major folk and traditional medicine for the prevention of diseases worldwide. Trianthema portulacastrum L. (family: Aizoaceae), a small perennial weed, found in the America, Africa, India, and other regions of the world, and are extensively used not only as medicine but also as vegetable for its various health benefits. Phytochemical analysis of T. portulacastrum reveals the presence of alkaloids, phytosterols, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated its pharmacological and biological activities. Different parts of T. portulacastrum L. are conventionally being used as analgesic, anti-pyretic, lipid lowering and microbicide agent; and protect liver and kidney from carcinogen, inflammation and oxidant chemicals

Approximate Analytical Solutions for Fractional Space- and Time- Partial Differential Equations using Homotopy Analysis Method

This article presents the approximate analytical solutions of first order linear partial differential equations (PDEs) with fractional time- and space- derivatives. With the aid of initial values, the explicit solutions of the equations are solved making use of reliable algorithm like homotopy analysis method (HAM). The speed of convergence of the method is based on a rapidly convergent series with easily computable components. The fractional derivatives are described in Caputo sense. Numerical results show that the HAM is easy to implement and accurate when applied to space- time- fractional PDEs

Cosmology in a Time-Crystal Background

We investigate the effects of a Time Crystal-like Condensate on cosmological dynamics. It is well known that quadratic gravity reduces to Einstein gravity along with a decoupled higher derivative dynamical scalar \cite{Alvarez-Gaume:2015rwa}. According to \cite{Chakraborty:2020ktp}, the above scalar sector can sustain a Time Crystal-like minimum energy state, with non-trivial time dependence. In the present work we treat the Time Crystal-like state as the background (that replaces the classical Minkowski vacuum) and study cosmic evolution on this ``dynamic'' ground state. In the first part we re-derive \cite{Chakraborty:2020ktp}, in a covariant and more systematic way, the frequencies that characterize the oscillator like Time crystalline condensate and interpret it as a background energy-momentum tensor simulating a matter-like effect. Importantly, no external matter is introduced here and the condensate, consists of a combination of the metric field $g_{\mu\nu}$ and is generated due to the $R^2$-term ($R$ is the Ricci scalar) in quadratic gravity \cite{Alvarez-Gaume:2015rwa}. In a way the spurious degrees of freedom of $R^2$-gravity turns into a useful component. The second part comprises of new effects where the cosmology in Friedmann-Lem\^{i}atre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe is studied in presence of the energy-momentum tensor characterizing the Time Crystal Condensate. Under certain approximations, the scale factor of the FLRW universe is analytically obtained for any spatial geometry. We also find that the Time Crystal Condensate contributes as a new matter candidate having radiation-like behavior in the universe. Additionally, irrespective of the spatial geometry of the universe, the Time Crystal condensate generates a decelerating phase before the early acceleration starts. This is an indication of a contracting phase of the universe before its accelerated expansion.Comment: 11 pages, 4 compound figures. Comments are welcom

A Prospective study to evaluate the demographic variation of gender independent sequences in cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) concentration and to predict pregnancy outcomes by non-kit based economical method

185-191This gender-independent detection of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma using RASSF1A/β-actin has curtained off a new dimension regarding its utility to predict the adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent efforts have been directed at developing sequences from cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) as markers for pregnancy outcomes. The utility of cffDNA using the methylation-dependent DSCR3 and RASSF1A markers along with total cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) in maternal serum by HYP2 marker are useful in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes. Increased amount (>95th percentile) of cffDNA fraction in the second trimester is associated with preterm birth. Indigenously developed low-cost method of the gender-independent sequence markers from cffDNA was investigated and evaluated with the standardized commercial kits as predictive markers for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our results indicated that indigenously developed method for detection of geneder-independent cffDNA can be applicable for screening test of adverse pregnancy outcome

A Prospective study to evaluate the demographic variation of gender independent sequences in cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) concentration and to predict pregnancy outcomes by non-kit based economical method

This gender-independent detection of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma using RASSF1A/β-actin has curtained off a new dimension regarding its utility to predict the adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent efforts have been directed at developing sequences from cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) as markers for pregnancy outcomes. The utility of cffDNA using the methylation-dependent DSCR3 and RASSF1A markers along with total cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) in maternal serum by HYP2 marker are useful in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes. Increased amount (&gt;95th percentile) of cffDNA fraction in the second trimester is associated with preterm birth. Indigenously developed low-cost method of the gender-independent sequence markers from cffDNA was investigated and evaluated with the standardized commercial kits as predictive markers for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our results indicated that indigenously developed method for detection of geneder-independent cffDNA can be applicable for screening test of adverse pregnancy outcome