Rock Magnetic properties of Proterozoic mafic dykes from the Southern margin of Cuddapah Basin

Seventeen basic dykes of Proterozoic age intruding the Archaean basement from the Southern margin of the Cuddapah Basin were studied from five sites for their magnetic characters. NRM intensity (Jn) of the dykes range between 1793 and 57×10−3 Am−1 while magnetic susceptibility (χ) ranges from 31 to 303×10−6 CGS units. Koenigsberger's ratio (Qn) varies from 1 to 55 for most of the specimens. All the above parameters are indicative of retaining the original magnetization in most of the dykes sampled. Based on the above mentioned rock magnetic properties along with hysterisis studies and low temperature (−196°C) magnetic studies, it is inferred that the main magnetic carrier in these dykes is magnetite in multi domain and mixed domain states. Dykes from Tirupati area seems to be magnetically altered

Evaluation of anti-tumor activity of ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in swiss albino mice

Background: Cancer is one of the most life threatening diseases which is in need of newer drug development. The use of plant products with potent antioxidant and cytotoxic activity is upcoming Studies reveal that herbal product have increased efficacy as well as decreased side effects, with this in mind the present study was undertaken to assess the antitumor activity of extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) against ehrlich ascites carcinoma in swiss albino mice.Methods: The extracts of roots of GG was collected and acute toxicity study was done following which the antitumor effect of extracts of GG was assessed by change in the body weight, mean survival time (MST), and percentage increased life span (% ILS). MST of each group containing six mice was monitored by recording the mortality daily for 6 weeks and % ILS was calculated. The hematological parameters and biochemical assays were also measured.Results: Extracts of GG showed a significant reduction in % increase in tumor induced body weight of the mice. The % increase in life span was also significant in the higher dose of GG (500 mg/kg). The combination of GG with standard drug cisplatin had better efficacy in terms of % ILS, hematological and biochemical parameters. The results obtained were statistically significant.Conclusions: The antitumor activity studies measuring the viability of cancer cells when exposed to the ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra showed a potent cell-killing effect, indicating the presence of anti-cancer principles in the preparation

Security Solution for the IOT Devices

As the internet is available widely with low cost to connect with the devices day by day. Almost all electronic devices are coming to the market with wi-fi capabilities and sensors built into them, even technology costs also coming down. All of these devices are forming Network by accessing the internet through their wi-fi capabilities. These are creating a perfect IOT storm like smart phones are becoming rocks and penetrating everywhere so the sky is the limit for them. As these all are in the hands of everybody, there is obviously security threats. In this paper, all the possible threats are addressing with possible solutions occurring in these IoT devices. Suggested the Homomorphic Encryption scheme for security in IoT devices

Characterization of VHF radar observations associated with equatorial Spread F by narrow-band optical measurements

International audienceThe VHF radars have been extensively used to investigate the structures and dynamics of equatorial Spread F (ESF) irregularities. However, unambiguous identification of the nature of the structures in terms of plasma depletion or enhancement requires another technique, as the return echo measured by VHF radar is proportional to the square of the electron density fluctuations. In order to address this issue, co-ordinated radar backscatter and thermospheric airglow intensity measurements were carried out during March 2003 from the MST radar site at Gadanki. Temporal variations of 630.0-nm and 777.4-nm emission intensities reveal small-scale ("micro") and large-scale ("macro") variations during the period of observation. The micro variations are absent on non-ESF nights while the macro variations are present on both ESF and non-ESF nights. In addition to the well-known anti-correlation between the base height of the F-region and the nocturnal variation of thermospheric airglow intensities, the variation of the base height of the F-layer, on occasion, is found to manifest as a bottomside wave-like structure, as seen by VHF radar on an ESF night. The micro variations in the airglow intensities are associated with large-scale irregular plasma structures and found to be in correspondence with the "plume" structures obtained by VHF radar. In addition to the commonly observed depletions with upward movement, the observation unequivocally reveals the presence of plasma enhancements which move downwards. The observation of enhancement in 777.4-nm airglow intensity, which is characterized as plasma enhancement, provides an experimental verification of the earlier prediction based on numerical modeling studies

Scope and strategies for regulation of nitrification in agricultural systems - challenges and opportunities

Nitrification, a microbial process, is a key component and integral part of the nitrogen (N) cycle. Soil N is in a constant state of flux, moving and changing chemical forms. During nitrification, a relatively immobile N-form (NH4+) is converted into highly mobile nitrate-N (NO3-). The nitrate formed is susceptible to losses via leaching and conversion to gaseous forms via denitrification. Often less than 30% of the applied N fertilizer is recovered in intensive agricultural systems, largely due to losses associated with and following nitrification. Nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) is defined as the biomass produced per unit of assimilated N and is a conservative function in most biological systems. A better alternative is to define NUE as the dry matter produced per unit N applied and strive for improvements in agronomic yields through N recovery. Suppressing nitrification along with its associated N losses is potentially a key part in any strategy to improve N recovery and agronomic NUE. In many mature N-limited ecosystems, nitrification is reduced to a relatively minor flux. In such systems there is a high degree of internal N cycling with minimal loss of N. In contrast, in most high-production agricultural systems nitrification is a major process in N cycling with the resulting N losses and inefficiencies. This review presents the current state of knowledge on nitrification and associated N losses, and discusses strategies for controlling nitrification in agricultural systems. Limitations of the currently available nitrification inhibitors are highlighted. The concept of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) is proposed for controlling nitrification in agricultural systems utilizing traits found in natural ecosystems. It is emphasized that suppression of nitrification in agricultural systems is a critical step required for improving agronomic NUE and maintaining environmental quality

Early Proterozoic Melt Generation Processes beneath the Intra-cratonic Cuddapah Basin, Southern India

Early Proterozoic tholeiitic lavas and sills were emplaced during the initial phase of extension of the intra-cratonic Cuddapah Basin, Southern India. 40Ar-39Ar laser-fusion determinations on phlogopite mica, from the Tadpatri Fm mafic-ultramafic sill complex, constrain the age of the initial phase of extension and volcanism in the basin at 1·9Ga. Despite their Early Proterozoic age, the igneous rocks are unmetamorphosed, undeformed and remarkably fresh. They exhibit a wide range in MgO contents (4-28wt%) and have undergone varying degrees of accumulation or crystal fractionation. Variable La/Nb ratios (1·2-3·7) and εNd values (1 to -10) suggest that some, but not all, of the mafic rocks have been affected by crustal contamination. This appears to have taken place in magma chambers at ~9kbar, i.e. the base of the continental crust. Forward modelling of major and trace elements (Fe and Nd) and inverse modelling of rare earth elements suggest that the primary Cuddapah melts were generated by ~10-15% partial melting of a lherzolite mantle source. This corresponds to a mantle potential temperature of ~1500°C. The thickness of the mechanical boundary layer predicted by the geochemical modelling is 70km with a minimum initial lithospheric thickness of 120km. This corresponds to a stretching factor of 1·6-1·8. Richter's (1988) secular cooling model for the Earth predicts that, at 1·9Ga, the ambient mantle had a potential temperature of ~1500°C (i.e. ~200°C hotter than Phanerozoic mantle). If the cooling model is correct then Proterozoic lithospheric stretching and mantle melting beneath the intra-cratonic Cuddapah Basin could have been caused by passive rather than active rifting