RECONSTRUCTION OF WAYANG ORANG DARMA KERTI AT BATU PANDANG: A STRUGGLE FOR IDENTITY IN MATARAM, LOMBOK

ABSTRACT Wayang Orang (the stage show usually with the wayang theme) is a performing art of which the characters are played by people. As a specific Sasak performing art, the wayang orang which is performed in Mataram Lombok, used to use what is referred to as Serat Menak as the story source. However, such a performing art was marginalized and was almost getting extinct. Therefore, the Sasak artists and cultural observers, whom were facilitated by UPTD Taman Budaya Lombok, did their best to save such a performing art by reconstructing it. The performing art which was constructed by IPTD Taman Budaya Lombok was the Wayang Orang Darma Kerti, Dusun Batu Pandang. Such a reconstruction was made in the middle of the struggle for an identity of those living in Mataram, Lombok, who belong to different ethnic groups and religions. This present study was intended to understand the matter pertaining to the reconstruction of Wayang Orang Darma Kerti as part of the struggle for the identity of the people living in Mataram, Lombok. The qualitative method and the theories of deconstruction, multiculturalism, and hegemony were used to analyze the problems of the study. The result of the study showed that 1) there was a desire to preserve Wayang Orang as a local identity, meaning that the desire to reconstruct it was inspired by the Islamic religious value and the Wetu Telu Islamic value; 2) it was reconstructed through several stages; they are observation, inventory, and classification; finally, it was decided to reconstruct Wayang Orang performed at Dusun Batu Pandang, East Lombok in which the puppeteers and dancers from Mataram, West Lombok, were involved; the puppeteers were gathered, the themes were composed, the performance was practiced, and the Wayang Orang was performed; 3) the implication of the reconstruction of the Wayang Orang was that the Sasak ethnic group had an art identity, and religion and culture adapted to each other as the implementation of what is referred to as adatluwirgama, and the local people’s prosperity became better. Keywords: Reconstruction, Wayang Oran

The Discourse Of Ida Ratu Gede Mas Macaling Dalem Nusa Penida Klungkung (Position, Function and Meaning)

Hindus community in Bali views time as an important matter. The presence of time or Kala is associated with the myth of Magic. The relationship can be seen in the myth of Sasih Ka-enem which is believed to be the phase of epidemic. Often the myth of Sasih Ka-enem is also associated with the discourse of Ida Ratu Gede Mas Macaling as the magi figure of propagator and disaster in Bali. Interestingly, the image of Ida Ratu Gede Mas Macaling Dalem Nusa  Penida just seems to be a living myth and "offerings" for balian,  pengiring, and mysticism. Recently, many people perceive him as an object of worship, and more various interesting versions of Magi discourse about him growing in society. Because of those reasons, it is important to study the phenomenon into this scientific writing to identify the value and meaning of Magi discourse.</p

The Bakayat SpokenText Tradition The Articulation of Religious Value and Social Discourse of Sasak Community in Lombok

This study explored the bakayat spoken-text tradition of the Sasak people in Lombok. The tradition was used as media for preaching on Islamic day, customs and ceremonies, as well as appreciating the folk literature. Malay literary texts that contained religious values were articulated continuously in various social discourses by the community that owned this tradition. The impact of the globalization and the inclusion of various Islamic doctrines in Lombok have threatened the existence of the bakayat tradition and now most Sasak people especially the younger ones are not interested in this tradition. The background explained above has become the main reason why this study was conducted. Moreover, there were still a few studies which had investigated the bakayat tradition in-depth. This present study was focused on the history, structure, function, meaning, and articulation of the religious values and social discourse of the bakayat tradition bySasak people. This research used the descriptive analytical method. The data were analyzed using the interpretive qualitative method. The theories used in this study were the theory narratology proposed by Gerard Genette (1986), the theory of articulation proposed by Stuart Hall (1986), the theory of functions, and the theory of semiotics. The results of this study showed that the historical development ofthe Sasakbakayat tradition was characterized by the emergence of Islam in Lombok. It significantly contributed to the existence of bakayat. It was followed by the Islamic Malay literature which was used as the reading material in the bakayat tradition and the media for learning Islam. The historical development of the bakayat Sasak was explained in various aspects such as religious, cultural, political, and social aspects. The structure of the bakayat text was a form of the articulation in spoken style which involved the characteristics of the narrative structure, which was seen from the narrative, rhythmic, and storytelling style. The bakayat tradition had two functions, namelythe manifest function and latent function, and there was a shifting function. The manifest function of the Sasak bakayat tradition was that it was used as the Islamic preaching media, while the latent function was that it was used as the educational, social, economic, and customs media. The shifting function of the tradition was that it was used as an entertainment that described the function of social identity, local knowledge, and competition activity. Based on the cultural and social context, the tradition implied that the bakayat tradition had historical, political, aesthetic, and social significances. The translation during the performance of the tradition was accompanied with the meaning interpretation or review conveyed in Sasak language. Each performance had new meaning interpretation of the text; the dominant meaning of the text was about the singleness of God, negotiation, ambiguity, and rejection. The articulation of the Sasak bakayat text was a form of new meaning. The articulation of the religious value and social discourse of the bakayat text was about the story of Prophet Joseph made up of the spoken-text form using the typical Sasak song

PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH BERBASIS SUMBER DI DESA ADAT SANGEH KECAMATAN ABIANSEMAL KABUPATEN BADUNG BALI

Sangeh Tourism Village is one of the tourist villages in Badung Regency which has various tourism potentials that can still be developed and optimized. One of the problems of the Tourism Village is related to waste management at tourist attractions. Of course, organic and inorganic waste must be separated so that it is easy to manage again and does not pollute the environment. The Ngurah Rai University Postgraduate conducted PkM in partnership with DTW Sangeh (Taman Mumbul and Alas Nutmeg) which invited the Head of the Sangeh Traditional Village and the Head of the Sangeh Traditional Village to discuss with Community Service participants regarding the problems that exist in the management of the Sangeh Tourism Village. So on this occasion, the Postgraduate Program at Ngurah Rai University, apart from cleaning the environment by sorting waste based on sources, also handed over 2 trash cans that could be used at the Sangeh tourist spot

Revealing the religious meaning of bakayat sasak oral-text

The aim of this study is to reveal the religious meaning of the spoken text 'bakayat' Sasak in the form of performances. Bakayat as a form of writing in the type of tale was delivered by metembang (singing) it along with its translation and interpretation in Sasak language. This spoken-text resembled pepaosan Sasak and mabebasan in Bali. It was used on Islamic celebration day and religious rituals of the Sasak people. The Bakayat Sasak as the religious text has religious meaning and it was interpreted in the various forms of meaning in its performance. The theory used to analyze the meaning of the spoken text 'bakayat' in this study is the theory of articulation. This theory stated that the connectivity between two or more elements of different cultural circles in the construction of the meaning of a cultural product always occurs in a certain condition. The relationship between various elements which are not fixed, essentials and absolute is a dialogical relationship. It occurs in specific coincidence condition. Therefore, the establishment of meaning is a dialogical relationship between the various sections of elements in the circle and it is always in the process. This study used 'bakayat' spoken texts as a primary source of data and interviews, observation, and documentation as its secondary data. The qualitative analytical method was used to analyze the data in this study, where the spoken texts were transcribed and translated. The data were analyzed based on the meaning of the performer of the bakayat spoken text. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of 'bakayat' Sasak not only contained religious meaning, but also social, historical, political, and aesthetic the meaning

Revealing the religious meaning of bakayat sasak oral-text

The aim of this study is to reveal the religious meaning of the spoken text 'bakayat' Sasak in the form of performances. Bakayat as a form of writing in the type of tale was delivered by metembang (singing) it along with its translation and interpretation in Sasak language. This spoken-text resembled pepaosan Sasak and mabebasan in Bali. It was used on Islamic celebration day and religious rituals of the Sasak people. The Bakayat Sasak as the religious text has religious meaning and it was interpreted in the various forms of meaning in its performance. The theory used to analyze the meaning of the spoken text 'bakayat' in this study is the theory of articulation. This theory stated that the connectivity between two or more elements of different cultural circles in the construction of the meaning of a cultural product always occurs in a certain condition. The relationship between various elements which are not fixed, essentials and absolute is a dialogical relationship. It occurs in specific coincidence condition. Therefore, the establishment of meaning is a dialogical relationship between the various sections of elements in the circle and it is always in the process. This study used 'bakayat' spoken texts as a primary source of data and interviews, observation, and documentation as its secondary data. The qualitative analytical method was used to analyze the data in this study, where the spoken texts were transcribed and translated. The data were analyzed based on the meaning of the performer of the bakayat spoken text. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of 'bakayat' Sasak not only contained religious meaning, but also social, historical, political, and aesthetic the meaning

Revealing the religious meaning of bakayat sasak oral-text

The aim of this study is to reveal the religious meaning of the spoken text 'bakayat' Sasak in the form of performances. Bakayat as a form of writing in the type of tale was delivered by metembang (singing) it along with its translation and interpretation in Sasak language. This spoken-text resembled pepaosan Sasak and mabebasan in Bali. It was used on Islamic celebration day and religious rituals of the Sasak people. The Bakayat Sasak as the religious text has religious meaning and it was interpreted in the various forms of meaning in its performance. The theory used to analyze the meaning of the spoken text 'bakayat' in this study is the theory of articulation. This theory stated that the connectivity between two or more elements of different cultural circles in the construction of the meaning of a cultural product always occurs in a certain condition. The relationship between various elements which are not fixed, essentials and absolute is a dialogical relationship. It occurs in specific coincidence condition. Therefore, the establishment of meaning is a dialogical relationship between the various sections of elements in the circle and it is always in the process. This study used 'bakayat' spoken texts as a primary source of data and interviews, observation, and documentation as its secondary data. The qualitative analytical method was used to analyze the data in this study, where the spoken texts were transcribed and translated. The data were analyzed based on the meaning of the performer of the bakayat spoken text. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of 'bakayat' Sasak not only contained religious meaning, but also social, historical, political, and aesthetic the meaning

Implementation of Nawa Natya and Servant Leadership in Relevance Modern Leadership

Leadership is a broader definition than power because leadership is an effort to influence people, not just doing what the leader wants, but to achieve the government or organization's goals or objectives. Thus, Nawa Natya and servant leadership concepts are used as guidelines to become a good and exemplary leader. The concept of Nawa Natya and servant leadership aims to improve the quality of a leader who excels in leading a government or organization to survive and compete in the future. Based on several leadership types, the type of leadership that is autocratic and democratic is beneficial in being applied in government and organizations. The type of leadership works hard and thoroughly and can work together to advance the government and organization according to the expected goals and objectives. Nawa Natya concept is very relevant to apply when governing the kingdom. The concept of servant leadership is relevant to managing government, organization, or company. Everyone who serves is not always a subordinate or servant, but with the concept of Nawa Natya and servant leadership, everyone must have a service spirit. Moreover, being a leader, having a firm and wise attitude, and having a leadership spirit to serve to get sympathy and support from subordinates and the community. Servant leadership realizes that he is in charge of serving to bring a group to grow better than before

Rakawi Language in the Past and Present Time

Jawa Kuna is one of the oldest documentary languages that has the richest materials as well as fine and noble national cultural values. Jawa Kuna is the key to revealing the history of the cultural life in Indonesia in the past. Therefore, studying Jawa Kuna is like digging up the “hidden pearl” because the scintillating beam or supreme (adiluhung) teachings implied in it can be used as guidance (s?suluh) in everyday life. A very strong desire of the experts of Jawa Kuna to discover the history and the richness of culture in the ancient time has succeeded in changing the image of Jawa Kuna from being “a distant jungle, scary and horrible” into “a virgin forest that is very close, friendly and attractive”. In Bali, the influence of Jawa Kuna has existed since the 10th century until the globalization era nowadays. Jawa Kuna has been greatly cherished by the rakawi in creating a piece of literature (parwa, kakawin) until the beginning of the 21st century. As a media in exploring the Hindu and Buddhist literature, Jawa Kuna language is preserved not merely in the sense that it is read, sung and discussed, but it is also shown with the creation of  new Kakawin using Jawa Kuna language by Balinese Rakawi (authors) namely Made Degung, I Wayan Mandra, and I Wayan Pamit. Those three Balinese rakawi have been able to comprehend one similar problem (Siwa-Buddha) by using the same hypogram as well (Siwagama), and then it is packed in their own style into a very beautiful piece of kakawin (langö).</p