2,246 research outputs found
Bootstrap and Higher-Order Expansion Validity When Instruments May Be Weak
It is well-known that size-adjustments based on Edgeworth expansions for the t-statistic perform poorly when instruments are weakly correlated with the endogenous explanatory variable. This paper shows, however, that the lack of Edgeworth expansions and bootstrap validity are not tied to the weak instrument framework, but instead depends on which test statistic is examined. In particular, Edgeworth expansions are valid for the score and conditional likelihood ratio approaches, even when the instruments are uncorrelated with the endogenous explanatory variable. Furthermore, there is a belief that the bootstrap method fails when instruments are weak, since it replaces parameters with inconsistent estimators. Contrary to this notion, we provide a theoretical proof that guarantees the validity of the bootstrap for the score test, as well as the validity of the conditional bootstrap for many conditional tests. Monte Carlo simulations show that the bootstrap actually decreases size distortions in both cases.
Bootstrap and Higher-Order Expansion Validity When Instruments May Be Weak
It is well-known that size-adjustments based on Edgeworth expansions for the t-statistic perform poorly when instruments are weakly correlated with the endogenous explanatory variable. This paper shows, however, that the lack of Edgeworth expansions and bootstrap validity are not tied to the weak instrument framework, but instead depends on which test statistic is examined. In particular, Edgeworth expansions are valid for the score and conditional likelihood ratio approaches, even when the instruments are uncorrelated with the endogenous explanatory variable. Furthermore, there is a belief that the bootstrap method fails when instruments are weak, since it replaces parameters with inconsistent estimators. Contrary to this notion, we provide a theoretical proof that guarantees the validity of the bootstrap for the score test, as well as the validity of the conditional bootstrap for many conditional tests. Monte Carlo simulations show that the bootstrap actually decreases size distortions in both cases.
The Evolution of a Financial Crisis: Collapse of the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Market
This paper documents “runs on asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) programs in 2007
A global assessment of the potential distribution of naturalized and planted populations of the ornamental alien tree Schinus molle
Estudio sobre la potencial invasión del pirul, una planta naturalizada cuyo origen es el sur de América.The Peruvian Peppertree (Schinus molle L.) is an evergreen tree native to semiarid environments of Peru and Bolivia in South America. This tree has been introduced and widely planted for ornamental and forestry purposes in several semiarid regions of the world because its seedlings are easily established and have a high survival rate; it also grows quickly, and it is tolerant of dry climates. We compared the global and regional niches of naturalized and planted populations of S. molle in order to examine the invasive stages and potential distribution of this species in four regions of the world. This work provides a novel approach for understanding the invasion dynamics of S. molle in these areas and elucidates the ecological processes that bring about such invasions. Most naturalized and planted populations were found to be in equilibrium with the environment. In its native range as well as in Australia and South Africa the models of the coverage area of habitat suitability for natural populations were the highest, whereas the coverage area of planted populations was lower. For planted populations in Australia and South Africa, a large percentage of predicted presences fell within sink populations. The invasion stages of S. molle vary across regions in its adventive range; this result may be attributable to residence time as well as climatic and anthropic factors that have contributed to the spread of populations.SEMARNAT-CONACYT [Grant FSSEMARNAT01-C-2018-1-A3-S-80837]
How Effective Were the Federal Reserve Emergency Liquidity Facilities?
Evidence from the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Money Market Mutual Fund Liquidity Facilit
Conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico mediante tecnologías de biomateriales nano y microestructurados
El presente proyecto intentó reunir conocimientos científicos que permitan el desarrollo de tecnologías basadas en biomateriales para preservar la calidad e inocuidad de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico de la región de Entre Ríos, por ejemplo, nuez pecán. Dichas tecnologías implicaron la obtención de nano y microestructuras capaces de vehiculizar compuestos bioactivos provenientes de aceites esenciales y su incorporación en matrices alimenticias por espolvoreo. Los objetivos específicos que se plantearon fueron los siguientes:
Obtención de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas.
Caracterización y obtención de polvos de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas.
Evaluación del impacto de la aplicación de nano y microestructuras por espolvoreo sobre la oxidación lipídica de nuez pecán. El conocimiento adquirido podria promover el desarrollo de tecnologías innovadoras para la conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico y su extensión para la conservación de otros alimentos. Al mismo tiempo, se espera favorecer al sector agroindustrial implicado mediante la valorización de sus productos y su empleo en aplicaciones de creciente interés a nivel nacional e internacional. ARK/CAICYT: http://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s22504559/vwu2gmaf
Conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico mediante tecnologías de biomateriales nano y microestructurados
El presente proyecto intentó reunir conocimientos científicos que permitan el desarrollo de tecnologías basadas en biomateriales para preservar la calidad e inocuidad de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico de la región de Entre Ríos, por ejemplo, nuez pecán. Dichas tecnologías implicaron la obtención de nano y microestructuras capaces de vehiculizar compuestos bioactivos provenientes de aceites esenciales y su incorporación en matrices alimenticias por espolvoreo. Los objetivos específicos que se plantearon fueron los siguientes:
Obtención de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas.
Caracterización y obtención de polvos de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas.
Evaluación del impacto de la aplicación de nano y microestructuras por espolvoreo sobre la oxidación lipídica de nuez pecán. El conocimiento adquirido podria promover el desarrollo de tecnologías innovadoras para la conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico y su extensión para la conservación de otros alimentos. Al mismo tiempo, se espera favorecer al sector agroindustrial implicado mediante la valorización de sus productos y su empleo en aplicaciones de creciente interés a nivel nacional e internacional. ARK/CAICYT: http://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s22504559/vwu2gmaf
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