A Systematic Review on Sleep Related Disorders and Periodontal Disease

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis has been implicated in many systemic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, stroke, Obesity, Kidney disorders. Recent scientific evidence has revealed a relationship between sleep related breathing disorders (SRBDs) and periodontal diseases. There has been a recent scientific evidence on population based studies reflecting an association between periodontal diseases and OSA.  AIM: The tenet of the study was to find out interconnect between obstructive sleep apnea and periodontal disease. METHODS: A systematic review of clinical trials assessing the relationship between OSA and periodontitis was carried out. An electronic search based on internet search sites (From 2000-2016) by PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Google scholar, CINAHL, and Web of Science (WoS) were used. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were further analysed to find out the outcome of the study. RESULTS:  A total of 174 potentially qualifying studies were screened. Out of them 10 studies  fulfilled the inclusion criteria which were further analysed. In our study 10 studies (2000-2016) from Jordan, Tokyo, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, India, USA, South Korea, Taiwan, Australia were shortlisted. Out of them 5 were cross sectional studies, 4 were case control, and 1 was meta-analysis. The sample size in the studies ranged from 66 to 30,120 adult falling in age range of 18 to 75.  The indicators for OSA used were as positive Epsworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Berlin Questionnaire, STOP-bang questionnaire, Apnea-Hypopnea index, Polysomnography (PSG). And the indicators for periodontal disease were Plaque index (PI), Clinical attachment level (CAL), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI). Majority of studies showed positive correlation between OSA and periodontal disease. CONCLUSION: Recent evidence and literature suggests that there exist a strong  interconnect between OSA and periodontal disease. Dentist play a pivotal role in diagnosis and timely management of OSA cases so as to halt progression of sleep apnea and periodontitis

Performance Evaluation of Different Routing Protocols Using Different Parameters in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET)

Abstract: Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) has been introduced to use in many applications. To design the networks, the factors needed to be considered are the coverage area, mobility, power consumption, communication capabilities etc. The challenging goal of this work is to create a simulator to support the MANET simulation. The main challenge in WSN is routing. Many routing protocols for MANET have proposed but no one is suitable for all situations. Dynamic source Routing Protocol (DSR) and Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (AODV) protocol are popular in MANET. Both DSR and AODV is reactive protocol. DSR routing protocol consumes more bandwidth because of the frequent broadcasting of routing updates. So when the network size is large in that case packet header overhead is increased. AODV doesn't maintain any routing tables at nodes. So AODV have low overhead and more bandwidth. It reduces overhead of packet header and performs better in both high mobility and large size network. So the main focus of this work is to find the best routing protocol by evaluating the performance of different routing protocols (DSR, AODV) using different network parameters for terrain area (1500m x 1500m) in MANET. These protocols are simulated on NS-2.35 with the help of network parameters (Packet Delivery Fraction (PDF), Average Throughput and Normalized Routing Load (NRL), and Average end-to-end Delay)

Effectiveness Of 1.2% Simvastatin Gel as an Adjunct to Non-Surgical Therapy in The Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Split Mouth Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that results in bone resorption creating bony defects, which may cause tooth loss. AIM: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 1.2% Simvastatin gel as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy to treat chronic periodontitis (CP). MATERIALS AND METHOD: 25 patients with 50 sites were categorized into two treatment groups: Scaling and Root Planing plus 1.2% Simvastatin, and Scaling and Root Planing with placebo. Clinical parameters; site-specific plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), pocket probing depth (PD), and relative attachment level (RAL) were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months. RESULTS: Mean PD reduction and mean RAL gain was found to be greater in Simvastatin group than the placebo group, at 3, 6, and 9 months. CONCLUSION: Locally delivered Simvastatin was found to be effective in the treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP)

Comparison of ARIMA, SutteARIMA, and Holt-Winters, and NNAR Models to Predict Food Grain in India

The agriculture sector plays an essential function within the Indian economic system. Foodgrains provide almost all the calories and proteins. This paper aims to compare ARIMA, SutteARIMA, Holt-Winters, and NNAR models to recommend an effective model to predict foodgrains production in India. The execution of the SutteARIMA predictive model used in this analysis was compared with the established ARIMA, Neural Network Auto-Regressive (NNAR), and Holt-Winters models, which have been widely applied for time series prediction. The findings of this study reveal that both the SutteARIMA model and the Holt-Winters model performed well with real-life problems and can effectively and profitably be engaged for food grain forecasting in India. The food grain forecasting approach with the SutteARIMA model indicated superior performance over the ARIMA, Holt-Winters, and NNAR models. Indeed, the actual and predicted values of the SutteARIMA and Holt-Winters forecasting models are quite close to predicting foodgrains production in India. This has been verified by MAPE and MSE values that are relatively low with the SutteARIMA model. Therefore, India’s SutteARIMA model was used to predict foodgrains production from 2021 to 2025. The forecasted amount of respective crops are as follows (in lakh tonnes) 1140.14 (wheat), 1232.27 (rice), 466.46 (coarse), 259.95 (pulses), and a total 3069.80 (foodgrains) by 2025

Comparative effectiveness of videotape and handout mode of instructions for teaching exercises: skill retention in normal children

Abstract Background Teaching of motor skills is fundamental to physical therapy practice. In order to optimize the benefits of these teaching and training efforts, various forms of patient education material are developed and handed out to patients. One very important fact has been overlooked. While comparative effectiveness of various modes of instruction has been studied in adults, attention has not been paid to the fact that learning capabilities of children are different from that of adults. The intent of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of video and handout mode of instructions specifically on children. Methods A total of 115 normal elementary-age children aged 10 to 12 years of age were studied. The children were randomized into two groups: A) the video group, and B) the handout group. The video group viewed the video for physical therapy exercises while the handout group was provided with paper handouts especially designed according to the readability of their age group. Results Statistical analysis using the student's't' test showed that subjects of both the video and handout groups exhibited equal overall performance accuracy. There was no significant difference between the groups both in acquisition and retention accuracy tests. Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that if the readability and instructional principles applicable to different target age groups are strictly adhered to, then both video as well as handout modes of instructions result in similar feedback and memory recall in ten to twelve year-old children. Principles of readability related to the patient age are of utmost importance when designing the patient education material. These findings suggest that the less expensive handouts can be an effective instructional aid for teaching exercises to children with various neuromuscular, rheumatic, and orthopedics conditions and the most costly videotape techniques are not necessarily better.</p

POINTWISE 1-TYPE GAUSS MAP OF DEVELOPABLE SMARANDACHE RULED SURFACES IN E3\mathbb{E}^{3}

In this paper, we study developable TN, TB, and NB-Smarandache ruled surface with pointwise 1-type Gauss map. In particular, we obtain every such developable TN-Smarandache ruled surface has constant mean curvature, developable TB Smarandache ruled surface is minimal if and only if the curve is a planar curve or helix, and developable NB-Smarandache ruled surface is always plane. Also, we give some examples

Inverted flap technique for a large traumatic macular hole with choroidal rupture and subretinal hemorrhage

Large traumatic macular holes (TMHs) tend to be irregular and have a variable predictability. The inverted flap technique makes use of remnants of internal limiting membrane (ILM) at the periphery of the MH. The peeled-off ILM contains Müller cell fragments which can induce gliosis and help in closure of MH. We operated on a case of large TMH (~899 μ minimum linear diameter) with choroidal rupture and subretinal hemorrhage in a young female with the inverted flap technique of ILM peeling and observed successful closure of the MH. The excellent anatomical and surgical results achieved in our case seem to suggest this to be a safe and effective surgical manoeuvre for such cases