Comparisons on the nutritive values of local and introduced forages and feed mixture for ruminant feed in central dry zone of Myanmar

This study aimed to compare nutritive values of local (Sorghum) and introduced (Mombasa) forages and their feed mixtures for ruminant feed in central dry zone of Myanmar. Sorghum based feed mixtures (FeedMix-1, 2 and 3) were the commonly used feed mixtures for cattle in dry zone of Myanmar and other feed mixtures (FeedMix-4, 5 and 6) were based on Mombasa. The lower CP and higher fibre contents (P<0.05) were observed in sorghum and its feed mixtures. The highest gas volumes (P<0.05) were observed in the FeedMix-4 and 6, and then the lowest gas volume (P<0.05) was observed in FeedMix-3. The gas production from quickly soluble fraction (a) of sorghum was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of Mombasa, inversely the gas production from insoluble fraction (b) of sorghum was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of Mombasa. Moreover, potential gas production (a+b), ME, OMD and SCFA of sorghum were also significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of Mombasa. The value of “a” was lowest (P<0.05) in FeedMix-1, whereas the highest value was found in FeedMix-6. The lowest values (P<0.05) of “b”, “a+b”, ME, OMD and SCFA were observed in FeedMix-3 and the highest values (P<0.05) of those parameters were found in FeedMix-4. Thus, the higher nutritive values observed in the introduced forage, Mombasa and its feed mixtures were indicating that Mombasa should be used instead of sorghum for the feed of cattle in dry zone of Myanmar.&nbsp

FATORES Biológicos e Ambientais Envolvidos na Etiopatogenia do Câncer de Mama

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T21:35:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_11632_Tese_Elaine Stur.pdf: 5488552 bytes, checksum: b6da775321c34a8f0ddc915a7bef6faf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18O câncer de mama, dentre os diversos cânceres, possui a maior incidência e mortalidade na população feminina mundial, sendo atualmente o principal causador de morte entre mulheres. É uma doença heterogênea que possui como principais fatores de risco a idade, etnia, genética, obesidade, menarca, menopausa, fatores reprodutivos e densidade mamária. Devido à forte influência da densidade mamária como fator de risco, na primeira parte deste estudo, foi realizado um levantamento epidemiológico a partir de mamografias envolvendo 11.826 mulheres atendidas no Centro de diagnóstico por Imagem-Mulher-Vitória, Espírito Santo. Os resultados demonstraram que idade avançada, menopausa, número alto de filhos e, principalmente, alto índice de massa corpórea, estão relacionadas a baixas densidades mamárias. A idade avançada se apresentou como fator de proteção para lesões na mama, enquanto que cirurgia prévia, alto índice de massa corpórea e alta densidade mamária demonstraram associação com a presença de lesões. Fatores que influenciam na regulação hormonal do organismo também podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento do câncer de mama. A segunda parte deste trabalho, trata da relação do uso de herbicidas e o câncer. Nos últimos anos, com o crescimento no uso de herbicidas, diversos estudos têm relatado que o glifosato, herbicida mais utilizado no mundo, pode atuar como desregulador endócrino e mitógeno, levando a alterações na taxa de crescimento tumoral. Desta forma, este estudo buscou identificar como o Roundup® (forma complexada do glifosato) e o ácido aminometilfosfônico (metabólito principal do glifosato) atuam nos padrões de expressão gênica de linhagens de câncer de mama hormônio dependentes (MCF-7) e hormônio independentes (MDA-MB-468). Os resultados demonstraram que o glifosato levou a uma desregulação de pelo menos 11 vias canônicas em ambas as linhagens, sendo as mais importantes, ciclo celular e reparo de DNA. Além disso, a linhagem MDA-MB-468 apresentou diversas alterações nas vias de processos metabólicos. O ácido aminometilfosfônico levou a um menor número de alterações, porém as alterações encontradas indicam alterações no processo de metabolismo celular. Tais achados mostram que, de forma dose-dependente, o Roundup® leva a alterações na proliferação celular, um risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças mamárias. Assim, pode-se concluir a partir deste estudo que diversos fatores de risco podem influenciar no desenvolvimento e progressão de lesões mamárias, atuando de forma independente ou dependente e ainda que o uso de herbicidas influencia em funções celulares básicas, desregulando sua homeostase

Avaliação de Polimorfismos de Genes de Reparo em Pacientes Com Carcinoma Epidermoide de Cabeça e Pescoço e a Relação do Prognóstico e Radiossensibilidade Tumoral

Avaliação de polimorfismos de genes de reparo em pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide de cabeça e pescoço e a sua relação com a radiossensibilidade tumora

Diagnostic characters distinguishing the larvae of Ablabesmyia and Paramerina, and first record of Paramerina in Brazil (Insecta, Diptera, Chironomidae)

Volume: 20Start Page: 161End Page: 16

Tanytarsus usambarae, spec. nov. from West Usambara Mts., Tanzania, East Africa (Insecta, Diptera, Chironomidae)

Volume: 23Start Page: 219End Page: 22

Non-biting midges as hosts for water mite larvae in spring habitats in Luxembourg

This study focuses on the host-parasite relationships between species of non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) in seven springs in Luxembourg. Emergence traps were operated through the season, and identification of the catches enabled an overview of species composition, abundance and host-parasite associations in the spring communities. Our results show that the Luxembourg springs have similar chironomid diversity to other springs in Europe, and that particular species are more often found in certain spring habitats. Furthermore, we show that prevalence of water mite parasitism is highly variable among the sampled chironomid hosts, and that there are several species which were not parasitized despite being numerous in our samples. The reasons for the latter observation are discussed, and most of the cases can be explained by general unavailability of host or parasite, or life cycle incompatibility

Phenotypic and genetic variation within the Cricotopus sylvestris species-group (Diptera, Chironomidae), across a Nearctic - Palaearctic gradient

Intraspecific variation sometimes obscures species boundaries and makes identification of certain Chironomidae difficult. This is true for many species in the genus Cricotopus. We used DNA barcode data and multivariate statistical analyses to investigate which phenotypic characters in populations of the Cricotopus sylvestris species-group are useful for species identification. Specimens collected across a broad latitudinal range from the Southwest United States through subarctic Canada to northern Norway formed nine distinct barcode clusters. Body size of adult flies decreased by 51% from the northern to southernmost populations. Meristic characters in wings and legs were strongly related to overall body size, and related morphometric ratios were not species specific. Antennal ratio increased significantly with body size, thus limiting its value in species delimitation. Non-metric ordinations of setal and coloration pattern data were characteristic for most species in the sylvestris-group. DNA barcode data worked well in separating morphologically different populations, except for the case of C. (I.) sylvestris and C. (I.) trifasciatus, which were distinguished by ordination of color pattern, but not by barcoding data. These two species appeared closely related, and we conclude that sequence data from neutral nuclear markers will be necessary to determine if these are genetically distinct species, or whether there is merely a high level of environmental plasticity in pigmentation within this geographically widespread barcode cluster