Five Key Ideas to Teach Fractions and Decimals with Understanding

The teaching of fractions and decimals is a significant challenge for many teachers due to the inherent difficulty of the topic for students as well as the lack of high-quality, modernized curricular materials. This article examines the key ideas of teaching fractions and decimals for understanding that are evident in the current research literature and the curricular materials and teaching strategies from high-achieving nations

Clinical Education Outcomes and Research Directions in Speech-Language Pathology: A Scoping Review

Purpose: To describe what researchers are investigating and how they are measuring the constructs of their investigations within the speech-language pathology (SLP) clinical education literature. Method: A scoping review methodology (Arksey & O’Malley, 2005) was employed to develop a picture of clinical education articles which reported a measured outcome. Articles that met criteria were categorized by the purpose of the investigation and the outcome measures reported. Result: 124 articles met inclusion criteria. Analysis of study purposes revealed a wide breadth of foci that were grouped into four broad clusters: Outcome Measures, Student Perspectives, Educational Contexts, and Teaching Methods. Most of the studies in the corpus relied only on student self-report measures. In addition, any specific outcome measure was typically used only once and not found in subsequent studies. Trends indicate a variety of constructs are being studied at an exploratory level with limited in-depth investigation. Conclusion: Given the inconsistency of outcome measures and reliance on self-report measures, more research is needed to validate recommendations of best practices in clinical education. Areas of need include developing and implementing validated outcomes, more frequent investigation of clinical education using measures other than student self-reports, and testing theories found in other fields

Holocene dynamics of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds and possible links to CO2 outgassing

The Southern Hemisphere westerly winds (SHW) play an important role in regulating the capacity of the Southern Ocean carbon sink. They modulate upwelling of carbon-rich deep water and, with sea ice, determine the ocean surface area available for air–sea gas exchange. Some models indicate that the current strengthening and poleward shift of these winds will weaken the carbon sink. If correct, centennial- to millennial-scale reconstructions of the SHW intensity should be linked with past changes in atmospheric CO2, temperature and sea ice. Here we present a 12,300-year reconstruction of wind strength based on three independent proxies that track inputs of sea-salt aerosols and minerogenic particles accumulating in lake sediments on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island. Between about 12.1 thousand years ago (ka) and 11.2 ka, and since about 7 ka, the wind intensities were above their long-term mean and corresponded with increasing atmospheric CO2. Conversely, from about 11.2 to 7.2 ka, the wind intensities were below their long-term mean and corresponded with decreasing atmospheric CO2. These observations are consistent with model inferences of enhanced SHW contributing to the long-term outgassing of CO2 from the Southern Ocean

As esculturas cokwe como respostas às assimetrias civilizacionais

Fundada em 1917, a Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Diamang) ocupava uma vasta região da Lunda Norte e Lunda Sul. Além das ações voltadas para a exploração de diamantes, essa empresa concessionária constituiu em 1936 o Museu do Dundo, um espaço destinado a colecionar objetos relacionados, sobretudo, aos povos que habitavam a sua área de atuação. Os objetivos cada vez mais ambiciosos e o receio da extinção de uma arte reminiscente do “tempo tribal” levaram o Museu do Dundo a organizar não apenas expedições de recolhas de objetos, mas também a contratar e manter “protegidos” em seus domínios escultores de madeira e de marfim a fim de evitar que as transformações ocasionadas pela situação colonial influenciassem os trabalhos desses homens. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas reflexões sobre como os anseios fictícios do Museu em relação a esses escultores foram fundamentais para compreender as constantes tensões e dificuldades em enquadrar em seu espaço não apenas esses próprios homens, mas também as suas produções.The Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Diamang) was founded in 1917 and occupied a vast region of Lunda’s north and south areas. Aside from the activities around diamond mining this concessionary company also created a museum in 1936. The Museu do Dundo (Dundo Museum) was a space dedicated to collect objects related to the inhabitants who lived in the area exploited by the company. The increasingly ambitious objectives of the Museum and the concern regarding the disappearance of a reminiscent art from “tribal times” resulted not only in the organization of collecting expeditions but also in the recruitment and “protection” of wood and ivory sculptors inside the company’s domains to avoid that their work were influenced by changes caused by the colonialism. The main objective of this paper is to present some considerations regarding how the museum’s fictitious expectations regarding these sculptors were crucial to understand the continuous tensions and difficulties faced to accommodate not only these men but also their work in its space

Assessing Student Understanding: A Framework for Testing and Teaching

Via vignettes, look inside first- and fourth-grade classrooms where teachers demonstrate how to use a research-based structure during instruction to choose tasks that elicit different levels of comprehension. What is assessment? To many noneducators, the term is synonymous with “test” or “quiz.” However, teachers use the word to describe any method of gathering information about student learning. Whether it be formative assessment (intended to guide instructional decisions) or summative assessment (a reflection on the entirety of student learning from prior instruction), teachers are constantly working to identify what their students know and how deeply they understand what they are learning

FOCUS on Corrymeela: Reflections on Northern Ireland

A panel presentation and discussion featuring 12 sophomores who participated in the spring break 2019 program in Ballycastle, Northern Ireland which was sponsored by the Cothran Center