Advanced adaptive computational methods for Navier-Stokes simulations in rotorcraft aerodynamics

A phase 2 research and development effort was conducted in area transonic, compressible, inviscid flows with an ultimate goal of numerically modeling complex flows inherent in advanced helicopter blade designs. The algorithms and methodologies therefore are classified as adaptive methods, which are error estimation techniques for approximating the local numerical error, and automatically refine or unrefine the mesh so as to deliver a given level of accuracy. The result is a scheme which attempts to produce the best possible results with the least number of grid points, degrees of freedom, and operations. These types of schemes automatically locate and resolve shocks, shear layers, and other flow details to an accuracy level specified by the user of the code. The phase 1 work involved a feasibility study of h-adaptive methods for steady viscous flows, with emphasis on accurate simulation of vortex initiation, migration, and interaction. Phase 2 effort focused on extending these algorithms and methodologies to a three-dimensional topology

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Ligand Directed Pd-Catalyzed C-H Activation: Mechanistic Insights and Synthetic Applications.

Carbon–hydrogen functionalization provides an attractive strategy for late-stage derivatization of complex molecules. In particular ligand-directed C–H activation allows for the selective functionalization of the C–H bond proximal to the ligand. However, complex mixtures of products could potentially result from multiple C–H transformations especially in pharmaceutically relevant molecules containing multiple ligands. In order to address this challenge, and allow for predictable selectivities, a systematic investigation of the factors that determine the relative directing group abilities in Pd-catalyzed C–H bond acetoxylations of 2-benzylpyridine derivatives was undertaken. Analysis of the data indicated a direct and quantitative correlation between the basicity of a ligand and its relative reactivity. Furthermore, understanding the mechanism of these transformations is necessary for optimization and development of novel reactions. In this regard, a detailed investigation of the mechanism of the Pd-catalyzed C–H acetoxylation and chlorination of 2-ortho-tolylpyridine derivatives was conducted. C–H activation was found to be rate-determining for both transformations; however, the electronic requirements for C–H activation in PdCl2-catalyzed chlorination differ significantly from those for Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed acetoxylation. A comparison of the implicated transition states is used to rationalize how the difference in ligand environment affects the electronic requirements of the rate-determining step. In addition to mechanism, a new Pd/polyoxometalate-catalyzed method for coupling of alkanes and alkenes was developed. Interception of the palladacycle formed upon C–H activation of 2-alkylpyridine derivatives with electron deficient olefins provides a new synthetic tool for quickly installing functionality and building new motifs from two less readily available starting materials. This approach provides access to bicyclic structures that are found in biologically relevant molecules. The alkene can also be revealed to render it available for subsequent transformations. Most current methods for C–H acetoxylation are limited to oxidants that are expensive and generate toxic waste. This work also describes the development of a new Pd-catalyzed reaction for directed C–H acetoxylation that uses nitrate as a redox co-catalyst in conjunction with O2 as the terminal oxidant and acetic acid as the acetate source. This provides an extremely inexpensive and non-waste-generative alternative to commonly used oxidants.Ph.D.ChemistryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91600/1/kstowers_1.pd

Using Link Resolver Reports for Collection Management

In 2007–2008, the University of Nevada, Las Vegas Libraries conducted a large collection assessment project. The Collection Assessment Committee identified several possible ways to conduct the review, one of which was using reports from the link resolver SFX. The committee used several link resolver reports in conjunction with statistics from the Libraries\u27 document delivery department to identify trends in journal usage among disciplines. The link resolver reports can help identify new journals for purchase and are useful for providing information on user behavior

Journal selections: Let’s support our students’ futures

Dietetic educators concur that use of professional journals in the undergraduate curriculum promotes student reading skills, exposes students to current research, enhances computer skills and prepares dietetic students for the real world environment. Those of us in educational institutions are continually asked to review our university library holdings; prioritizing on the basis of department selections, cost, rate of inflation, use by faculty and students and availability through interlibrary loans and other document retrieval procedures. No doubt, those in industry and clinical and private practice are also watching their budgets and are asked to review expenses for professional publications

Developing Civic-Mindedness in Middle- and High-School Students Using Service-Learning

Education is not only about teaching students in academic domains, but also teaching them about the application of those domains in society as civic-minded, engaged citizens. Service learning projects can be effective at fostering a sense of civic-mindedness in students, at least in college (e.g., Weber & Weber, 2010). During the 2017-2018 school year, we conducted a case study with 73 middle school students from two rural schools in the Arkansas Delta to examine, in part, the impact of one service-learning initiative (EAST). Participating students researched authentic problems in their communities and developed projects aimed at addressing those problems. Based on data from the case study, students appeared to become more aware of problems in their communities and believed they could help to solve those problems. Using the EAST model, this proposed session will examine how service-learning projects can help secondary educators develop civic-mindedness in students

Development of PARcific Approach: Participatory Action Research Methodology for Collectivist Health Research.

This article explores the evolution of a novel approach designed to advance qualitative methods in cross-cultural health research. This methodology was developed by synthesising several research methods and involved in-depth stakeholder consultation with participants of a Pacific-based nursing and midwifery health leadership program. Many of these participants played a crucial role in creating, exploring and evaluating several research methods and implementing and evaluating this co-designed research methodology. Starting with a Participatory Action Research framework, the research methodology evolved as it was informed by the local Pacific methodologies (in particular Talanoa and Kakala frameworks), where researchers, co-researchers and participants alike, working from within their own collectivist/individualist paradigms, negotiated cultural differences. Finally, a methodological framework of 'best practice' for future health research methods was developed for use with capacity building research. The new methodology could provide a foundation for future co-designed cross-cultural research in collectivist cultures