319 research outputs found
DESY NanoLab
The DESY NanoLab is a facility providing access to nano-characterization, nano-structuring and nano-synthesis techniques which are complementary to the advanced X-ray techniques available at DESY’s light sources. It comprises state-of-the art scanning probe microscopy and focused ion beam manufacturing, as well as surface sensitive spectroscopy techniques for chemical analysis. Specialized laboratory x-ray diffraction setups are available for a successful sample pre-characterization before the precious synchrotron beamtimes. Future upgrades will include as well characterization of magnetic properties
Gas-induced segregation in Pt-Rh alloy nanoparticles observed by in-situ Bragg coherent diffraction imaging
Bimetallic catalysts can undergo segregation or redistribution of the metals
driven by oxidizing and reducing environments. Bragg coherent diffraction
imaging (BCDI) was used to relate displacement fields to compositional
distributions in crystalline Pt-Rh alloy nanoparticles. 3D images of internal
composition showed that the radial distribution of compositions reverses
partially between the surface shell and the core when gas flow changes between
O2 and H2. Our observation suggests that the elemental segregation of
nanoparticle catalysts should be highly active during heterogeneous catalysis
and can be a controlling factor in synthesis of electrocatalysts. In addition,
our study exemplifies applications of BCDI for in situ 3D imaging of internal
equilibrium compositions in other bimetallic alloy nanoparticles
Single Alloy Nanoparticle X-Ray Imaging during a Catalytic Reaction
The imaging of active nanoparticles represents a milestone in decoding
heterogeneous catalysts dynamics. We report the facet resolved, surface strain
state of a single PtRh alloy nanoparticle on SrTiO3 determined by coherent
x-ray diffraction imaging under catalytic reaction conditions. Density
functional theory calculations allow us to correlate the facet surface strain
state to its reaction environment dependent chemical composition. We find that
the initially Pt terminated nanoparticle surface gets Rh enriched under CO
oxidation reaction conditions. The local composition is facet orientation
dependent and the Rh enrichment is non-reversible under subsequent CO
reduction. Tracking facet resolved strain and composition under operando
conditions is crucial for a rational design of more efficient heterogeneous
catalysts with tailored activity, selectivity and lifetime.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, 32 reference
Reorientation of Spin Density Waves in Cr(001) Films induced by Fe(001) Cap Layers
Proximity effects of 20 \AA thin Fe layers on the spin density waves (SDWs)
in epitaxial Cr(001) films are revealed by neutron scattering. Unlike in bulk
Cr we observe a SDW with its wave vector Q pointing along only one {100}
direction which depends dramatically on the film thickness t_{Cr}. For t_{Cr} <
250 \AA the SDW propagates out-of-plane with the spins in the film plane. For
t_{Cr} > 1000 \AA the SDW propagates in the film plane with the spins
out-of-plane perpendicular to the in-plane Fe moments. This reorientation
transition is explained by frustration effects in the antiferromagnetic
interaction between Fe and Cr across the Fe/Cr interface due to steps at the
interface.Comment: 4 pages (RevTeX), 3 figures (EPS
Field propagation-induced directionality of carrier-envelope phase-controlled photoemission from nanospheres
Near-fields of non-resonantly laser-excited nanostructures enable strong localization of ultrashort light fields and have opened novel routes to fundamentally modify and control electronic strong-field processes. Harnessing spatiotemporally tunable near-fields for the steering of sub-cycle electron dynamics may enable ultrafast optoelectronic devices and unprecedented control in the generation of attosecond electron and photon pulses. Here we utilize unsupported sub-wavelength dielectric nanospheres to generate near-fields with adjustable structure and study the resulting strong-field dynamics via photoelectron imaging. We demonstrate field propagation-induced tunability of the emission direction of fast recollision electrons up to a regime, where nonlinear charge interaction effects become dominant in the acceleration process. Our analysis supports that the timing of the recollision process remains controllable with attosecond resolution by the carrier-envelope phase, indicating the possibility to expand near-field-mediated control far into the realm of high-field phenomena
A versatile nanoreactor for complementary in situ X-ray and electron microscopy studies in catalysis and materials science
Field propagation-induced directionality of carrier-envelope phase-controlled photoemission from nanospheres
Near-fields of non-resonantly laser-excited nanostructures enable strong localization of ultrashort light fields and have opened novel routes to fundamentally modify and control electronic strong-field processes. Harnessing spatiotemporally tunable near-fields for the steering of sub-cycle electron dynamics may enable ultrafast optoelectronic devices and unprecedented control in the generation of attosecond electron and photon pulses. Here we utilize unsupported sub-wavelength dielectric nanospheres to generate near-fields with adjustable structure and study the resulting strong-field dynamics via photoelectron imaging. We demonstrate field propagation-induced tunability of the emission direction of fast recollision electrons up to a regime, where nonlinear charge interaction effects become dominant in the acceleration process. Our analysis supports that the timing of the recollision process remains controllable with attosecond resolution by the carrier-envelope phase, indicating the possibility to expand near-field-mediated control far into the realm of high-field phenomena.112926Ysciescopu
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