Relevance of the variability of the feline immunodeficiency virus in regard to pathogenicity and vaccination in New Zealand : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Science, Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand

Cats infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) show a range of clinical signs. Given the variability of the FIV genome, it is possible that there is variation in certain biological characteristics of FIV, such as pathogenicity. This may also be relevant to vaccination against FIV, as an effective vaccine would have to result in the generation of T cells that recognise a range of different variants in the field. The Fel-O-Vax® FIV vaccine has been available to veterinarians in New Zealand (NZ) for the past 12 years. Despite this, there is a paucity of studies investigating the cross-reactivity of the vaccine-induced immune response against different variants of FIV, and no studies investigating the efficacy of the vaccine in NZ. The overall aim of the research in this thesis was to determine the relevance of the variability of FIV, in regard to pathogenicity and vaccination in NZ. Firstly, 2 separate assays were designed to assess variation in the ability of different isolates of FIV to induce apoptosis or inhibit mitogen-induced proliferation in lymphoid cells in vitro. Results showed that variation in FIV-apoptosis did occur, supporting the argument that FIV variants may also differ in pathogenicity. Secondly, the cross-reactivity of the vaccine-induced immune response was assessed in vitro and in vivo, by measuring antigen-specific cellular activation and a delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response in vaccinated cats following inoculation with NZ field isolates of FIV. Results showed that the response was at least partially cross-reactive, however quantitative differences were detected in the response to each isolate of FIV tested. Finally, efficacy of the Fel-O-Vax® FIV vaccine under NZ conditions was investigated by comparing the prevalence of FIV in vaccinated and unvaccinated cats in the field. Results showed that there was no effect of vaccination on FIV prevalence, suggesting poor efficacy of the Fel-O-Vax® FIV vaccine in NZ. Results described in this thesis support the argument that there is variation among FIV in NZ, and that this may affect pathogenicity and vaccine efficacy in this country. The evidence presented did not support use of the Fel-O-Vax® FIV vaccine in NZ

Surface properties of thermionic electrodes Semiannual report, 1 Nov. 1964 - 30 Apr. 1965

Description of experimental apparatus for analytically determining surface processes affecting performance of thermionic energy converter

Survey of financial statement analysis courses in Europe and the United States

The paper reports the results of a survey of the content and learning materials used in courses in financial statement analysis in Europe and the United States. Courses in Europe and undergraduate courses in the US exhibit similar characteristics with respect to course content (heavy emphasis on basic tools of analysis). Graduate courses in the US place heavier emphasis on coverage of generally accepted accounting principles and on applications of basic analytical tools. Differences in course content appear related to where the financial statement analysis course lodges within the accounting curriculum.Accounting education; financial statement analysis; Europe; US; graduate; undergraduate

MA-IRRI Industrial Extension Program for Small Farm Equipment

This article is part of the seminar-workshop on the “Consequences of Small Farm Mechanization on Production, Employment and Incomes in the Philippines” sponsored jointly by the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Economic and Development Authority, the Philippine Institute for Development Studies and the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) held on December 1-2, 1983 at Tagaytay City. It discusses the extension programs implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and IRRI. It then points out areas where policies and actions are likely to be useful.agriculture sector, mechanization

Thermodynamics and kinetics of heterogeneous reactions

Thermodynamics and kinetics of sublimation, catalytic, and oxidation reaction

MA-IRRI Industrial Extension Program for Small Farm Equipment

This article is part of the seminar-workshop on the “Consequences of Small Farm Mechanization on Production, Employment and Incomes in the Philippines” sponsored jointly by the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Economic and Development Authority, the Philippine Institute for Development Studies and the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) held on December 1-2, 1983 at Tagaytay City. It discusses the extension programs implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and IRRI. It then points out areas where policies and actions are likely to be useful.agriculture sector, mechanization

Physical electronics and surface physics

Pumping effect in oxygen reaction with hot tungsten cathode, and spectrometic measurements of formation energies for volatile species in gas-solid chemical reaction