Fluormetric assay for nuclease activity

Cytochemical studies of planetary microorganisms - deoxyribonuclease /dnase/ assay, fluorescein reactions, and enzyme activit

Semisimple types for p -adic classical groups

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The supercuspidal representations of p-adic classical groups

Let G be a unitary, symplectic or special orthogonal group over a locally compact non-archimedean local field of odd residual characteristic. We construct many new supercuspidal representations of G, and Bushnell-Kutzko types for these representations. Moreover, we prove that every irreducible supercuspidal representation of G arises from our constructions.Comment: 55 pages -- minor changes from 1st version (mostly in sections 2.2, 4.2 and 6.2). To appear in Inventiones mathematicae, 2008 (DOI is not yet active as at 12 Nov 2007

Determination of M_(max) from Background Seismicity and Moment Conservation

We describe a simple method to determine the probability distribution function of the magnitude M_(max) and return period T_R of the maximum plausible earthquake on crustal faults. The method requires the background seismicity rate (estimated from instrumental data) and the rate of interseismic moment buildup. The method assumes that the moment released by the seismic slip is in balance with the moment deficit accumulated in between earthquakes. It also assumes that the seismicity obeys the Gutenberg–Richter (GR) law up to M_(max) . We took into account the aftershocks of large infrequent events that were not represented in the instrumental record, so that we could estimate the average seismicity rate over the entire fault history. We extrapolated the instrumental record, using the GR law to model the frequency of larger events and their aftershocks. This increased the frequencies of smaller events on average; when these smaller events were newly extrapolated, they predicted a higher frequency of larger events. We iterated this process until stability was reached, and then we assumed moment balance when we found the maximum magnitude; we have found this method to be appropriate in applications involving examples of fault with good historical catalogs. We then showed examples of applications to faults with no historical catalogs. We present results from nine cases. For the San Andreas fault system, we find M_(max)=8.1±0.3, with T_R380^(950)_(120)yrs ; for the North Anatolian fault, M_(max)=8.0±0.3, with T_R275^(650)_(135)yrs ; for the Main Himalayan thrust, M_(max)=9.0±0.2, with T_R1200^(2700)_(550)yrs; for the Japan trench, M_(max)=9.3±0.3, with T_R520^(1200)_(220)yrs; for the Sumatra–Andaman trench, M_(max)=9.0±0.3, with T_R200^(450)_(80)yrs ; for the Boconó fault, M_(max)=7.3±0.3, with T_R160^(360)_(70)yrs; for the Altyn Tagh fault, M_(max)=8.0±0.3, with T_R900^(2000)_(400)yrs; for the Dead Sea Transform, M_(max)=7.8±0.3, with T_R1000^(2400)_(450)yrs; and for the Kunlun fault, M_(max)=8.0±0.3, with T_R1000^(2000)_(450)yrs

Energy Access and Urban Poverty: Energy and Everyday Life in an Informal Settlement in Maputo, Mozambique

The great majority of people without access to modern energy services are rural and, rightly, much of the discussion on energy access focuses on how to reach them. However, despite their greater geographical proximity to grid electricity and other supplies of clean energy, people living in poverty in urban areas also lack energy access. The World Bank’s own trials of the Global Tracking Framework demonstrated this for Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. We need a greater understanding of how people access energy in these contexts, and what the barriers and opportunities are for improving that access. This paper explores these questions in the context of an in-depth study of the Chamanculo C settlement in Maputo, Mozambique

Spin-transfer mechanism of ferromagnetism in polymerized fullerenes: AbinitioAb initio calculations

A mechanism of the high temperature ferromagnetism in polymerized fullerenes is suggested. It is assumed that some of the C$_{60}$ molecules in the crystal become magnetically active due to spin and charge transfer from the paramagnetic impurities (atoms or groups), such as hydrogen, fluorine, hydroxyl group OH, amino group NH$_2$, or methyl group CH$_3$, dispersed in the fullerene matrix. The exchange interaction between the spins localized on the magnetically active fullerenes is evaluated using \textit{ab initio} calculations. The nearest neighbour and next nearest neighbour exchange interaction is found to be in the range $0.1\div 0.3$ eV, that is, high enough to account for the room temperature ferromagnetism.Comment: typos corrected, 8 pages, 3 figures, LaTe

Simulations of magnetic and magnetoelastic properties of Tb2Ti2O7 in paramagnetic phase

Magnetic and magnetoelastic properties of terbium titanate pyrochlore in paramagnetic phase are simulated. The magnetic field and temperature dependences of magnetization and forced magnetostriction in Tb2Ti2O7 single crystals and polycrystalline samples are calculated in the framework of exchange charge model of crystal field theory and a mean field approximation. The set of electron-deformation coupling constants has been determined. Variations of elastic constants with temperature and applied magnetic field are discussed. Additional strong softening of the crystal lattice at liquid helium temperatures in the magnetic field directed along the rhombic symmetry axis is predicted.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Theory versus practice in planning education: the view from South Africa

This paper reflects on the ongoing debate between theory and practice in planning, using the example of South Africa. Based on survey responses, it discusses how planning education in South Africa is perceived to prepare students for practice. While we acknowledge that the majority of respondents view their planning education positively, the results reveal challenges regarding the practical application of theory, especially in the case of land-use management. We then respond to calls for contextualised practices of knowing, emphasising the ‘local’ in planning education so that theory and practice can be combined across contexts

Exposure-response relationships of dapagliflozin on cardiorenal risk markers and adverse events:A pooled analysis of 13 phase II/III trials

Aims: Dapagliflozin is a sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor that has been developed as oral glucose lowering drug. The original dosefinding studies focused on optimal glycaemic effects. However, dapagliflozin also affects various cardiorenal risk markers and provides cardiorenal protection. To evaluate whether the currently registered doses of 5 and 10 mg are optimal for cardiorenal efficacy and safety, we characterized the relationship between dapagliflozin exposure and nonglycaemic cardiorenal risk markers as well as adverse events. Methods: Data were obtained from a pooled database of 13 24-week randomized controlled clinical trials of the clinical development programme of dapagliflozin. The exposure–response relationship was quantified using population pharmacodynamic and repeated time-to-event models. Results: A dose of 10 mg dapagliflozin resulted in an average individual exposure of 638 ng h/mL (95% prediction interval [PI]: 354–1061 ng h/mL), which translated to 71.2% (95% PI: 57.9–80.5%), 61.1% (95% PI: 58.0–64.8%), 91.3% (95% PI: 85.4–94.6%) and 25.7% (95% PI: 23.5–28.3%) of its estimated maximum effect for fasting plasma glucose, haematocrit, serum creatinine and urinary albumin–creatinine ratio, respectively. Conclusion: We demonstrate that doses higher than 10 mg could provide additional beneficial effects in haematocrit, systolic blood pressure, urinary albumin–creatinine ratio and uric acid, without obvious increases in the rate of adverse events. These results raise the question whether future outcome studies assessing the benefits of higher than currently registered dapagliflozin doses are merited