RELIABILITY OF TIMBER STRUCTURES EXPOSED TO FIRE

Until recently, the fire resistance of buildings was based on the ISO standard curve. ISO standard curve used by the current norm is too simple, unrealistic and lead to uneconomic situations with no guarantee of security proportional to the invested money. Unlike the fire design of the steel, concrete or composite structures, methods for fire design of timber structures have been greatly simplified. Generally, it is not necessary to check the reduction of strength in the residual section because each increase of temperature is considered small and it is ignored. Global fire safety concept of timber structures is presented according to the recommendations from Eurocode norms. Special attention was given to natural fire design with two different methods of parametric exposure which are given in EN1995-1-2.This paper presents reliability analysis of a glulam beam in a case of fire. The limit-state functions for maximum bending stress of glulam beam in fire conditions are formed. Reliability indexes are obtained from the limit state of the beam exposed to 30 min fire. Reliability index in the Eurocodes (reliability class RC2) compared to the calculated reliability indexes obtained by the methods of reduced strength and effective section were described

Neurobiological and genetic base of stuttering

Mucanje je poremećaj govora popraćen zastajkivanjem, ponavljanjem slogova i općenito otežanim tokom izgovaranja misli. Prema pojavi i trajanju se dijeli na razvojno mucanje u djece dobi 3-6 g. i oporavak se događa u većini slučajeva, dok se kronično mucanje koje traje čitavog života može samo ublažiti govornim terapijama i lijekovima. Dokazane su brojne morfološke anomalije u strukturi mozga ljudi koji mucaju, no sve više se istražuje i genetička pozadina odgovorna za pojavu ovog poremećaja. Dosad nije dokazano jedinstveno porijeklo mucanja, pa je izgledno da postoji više oblika i tipova mucanja ovisno o uzroku. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja za bolje razumijevanje patofiziologije mucanja, kako bi se u budućnosti mogli razvijati lijekovi ili čak genske terapije prilagođene svakom pojedincu i njegovom obliku mucanja.Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by prolongations, part-word repetitions and overall difficulties with fluent utterance. By its onset and duration, stuttering is divided on developmental stuttering in children aged 3-6 years, whose recovery occurs in most of the cases, and persistent stuttering that lasts for a lifetime and can only be mitigated with speech or drug therapies. There are numerous arguments for various morphological anomalies in the structure of a stuttering brain, but the number of researches on genetic background of the disorder is also increasing. Hitherto there hasn't been found a unique origin of stuttering, so it's likely that there are several subtypes of stuttering depending on the cause. Future research is required for better understanding of pathophysiology underlying stuttering, so the upcoming treatments or even gene therapies can be targeted and adjusted for individual cases

Seismic upgrading of cultural heritage - A case study using an educational building in Croatia from the historicism style

More than two years have passed since the devastating earthquakes struck Croatia in 2020, in which many educational buildings were damaged. In addition, several damaged educational buildings are under heritage protection, representing a special challenge for civil engineers during structural renovation. Strengthening methods that achieve adequate level of seismic capacity are limited in order to preserve the identity of these buildings. In the manuscript, a short overview of the damage to the educational sector is given with a special focus on a renovation of one case study. The case study is an educational building with a masonry structure located in the Lower Town of Zagreb and from the 19th century. An assessment of the structural condition was performed and a model was developed in the 3Muri software. Three variants of strengthening methods were applied to the model - FRCM, shotcrete and a combination of FRCM and shotcrete. Finally, each variant model was analyzed using the pushover method. The results are compared in terms of achieved earthquake capacity, expected cost and environmental impact.This research is funded by the Croatian Science Foundation, grant number UIP-2019-04-3749 (ARES project-assessment and rehabilitation of existing structures-development of contemporary methods for masonry and timber structures) , project leader: Mislav Stepinac

Neurobiological and genetic base of stuttering

Mucanje je poremećaj govora popraćen zastajkivanjem, ponavljanjem slogova i općenito otežanim tokom izgovaranja misli. Prema pojavi i trajanju se dijeli na razvojno mucanje u djece dobi 3-6 g. i oporavak se događa u većini slučajeva, dok se kronično mucanje koje traje čitavog života može samo ublažiti govornim terapijama i lijekovima. Dokazane su brojne morfološke anomalije u strukturi mozga ljudi koji mucaju, no sve više se istražuje i genetička pozadina odgovorna za pojavu ovog poremećaja. Dosad nije dokazano jedinstveno porijeklo mucanja, pa je izgledno da postoji više oblika i tipova mucanja ovisno o uzroku. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja za bolje razumijevanje patofiziologije mucanja, kako bi se u budućnosti mogli razvijati lijekovi ili čak genske terapije prilagođene svakom pojedincu i njegovom obliku mucanja.Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by prolongations, part-word repetitions and overall difficulties with fluent utterance. By its onset and duration, stuttering is divided on developmental stuttering in children aged 3-6 years, whose recovery occurs in most of the cases, and persistent stuttering that lasts for a lifetime and can only be mitigated with speech or drug therapies. There are numerous arguments for various morphological anomalies in the structure of a stuttering brain, but the number of researches on genetic background of the disorder is also increasing. Hitherto there hasn't been found a unique origin of stuttering, so it's likely that there are several subtypes of stuttering depending on the cause. Future research is required for better understanding of pathophysiology underlying stuttering, so the upcoming treatments or even gene therapies can be targeted and adjusted for individual cases

Aluminium Structures; Ivica Boko, Davor Skejić, Neno Torić

The textbook Aluminium Structures is the result of a fruitful collaboration between the Universities of Split and Zagreb. Based on a long-term scientific research on aluminium structures, this textbook is primarily written for civil engineering students but it will also be useful to architecture students. This university textbook is the first comprehensive piece of professional literature written in Croatian that deals with aluminium structures and design harmonized with the European norms, i.e. Eurokod 9. Civil engineers and architects need to be familiar with the possibilities and advantages of aluminium alloys and their application in modern structures. The idea for the book stemmed from the need to fill in the gap in the market concerning professional literature on aluminium structures. Insufficient knowledge coupled with a tendency to rely solely on the classical building materials are the main causes why the aluminium alloys are rarely used for structural systems. The main objective of this textbook, therefore, aims at raising awareness of this light metal and its advantages within the professional circles. It may serve as an appropriate alternative to steel. In some situations it may even prove as the only logical choice

Neurobiological and genetic base of stuttering

Mucanje je poremećaj govora popraćen zastajkivanjem, ponavljanjem slogova i općenito otežanim tokom izgovaranja misli. Prema pojavi i trajanju se dijeli na razvojno mucanje u djece dobi 3-6 g. i oporavak se događa u većini slučajeva, dok se kronično mucanje koje traje čitavog života može samo ublažiti govornim terapijama i lijekovima. Dokazane su brojne morfološke anomalije u strukturi mozga ljudi koji mucaju, no sve više se istražuje i genetička pozadina odgovorna za pojavu ovog poremećaja. Dosad nije dokazano jedinstveno porijeklo mucanja, pa je izgledno da postoji više oblika i tipova mucanja ovisno o uzroku. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja za bolje razumijevanje patofiziologije mucanja, kako bi se u budućnosti mogli razvijati lijekovi ili čak genske terapije prilagođene svakom pojedincu i njegovom obliku mucanja.Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by prolongations, part-word repetitions and overall difficulties with fluent utterance. By its onset and duration, stuttering is divided on developmental stuttering in children aged 3-6 years, whose recovery occurs in most of the cases, and persistent stuttering that lasts for a lifetime and can only be mitigated with speech or drug therapies. There are numerous arguments for various morphological anomalies in the structure of a stuttering brain, but the number of researches on genetic background of the disorder is also increasing. Hitherto there hasn't been found a unique origin of stuttering, so it's likely that there are several subtypes of stuttering depending on the cause. Future research is required for better understanding of pathophysiology underlying stuttering, so the upcoming treatments or even gene therapies can be targeted and adjusted for individual cases

Aluminium Structures; Ivica Boko, Davor Skejić, Neno Torić

The textbook Aluminium Structures is the result of a fruitful collaboration between the Universities of Split and Zagreb. Based on a long-term scientific research on aluminium structures, this textbook is primarily written for civil engineering students but it will also be useful to architecture students. This university textbook is the first comprehensive piece of professional literature written in Croatian that deals with aluminium structures and design harmonized with the European norms, i.e. Eurokod 9. Civil engineers and architects need to be familiar with the possibilities and advantages of aluminium alloys and their application in modern structures. The idea for the book stemmed from the need to fill in the gap in the market concerning professional literature on aluminium structures. Insufficient knowledge coupled with a tendency to rely solely on the classical building materials are the main causes why the aluminium alloys are rarely used for structural systems. The main objective of this textbook, therefore, aims at raising awareness of this light metal and its advantages within the professional circles. It may serve as an appropriate alternative to steel. In some situations it may even prove as the only logical choice