Scottish bishops and the relic-lists of the cartulary of Christchurch Priory, Twynham, Hampshire, 1200–1221 (with an edition and translation of the text by John Reuben Davies)

No abstract available

An Improved Method for Calibrating Purchase Intentions in Stated Preference Demand Models

The Orbit demand model allows the magnitude of the calibration to stated purchase intentions to vary based on the magnitude of the stated quantities. Using an empirical example of stated trips, we find that the extent of calibration varies substantially with less correction needed at small stated trips (–25%) but larger corrections at higher quantities of stated visits (–48%). We extend the Orbit model to calculate consumer surplus per stated trip of $26. Combining the calibrations in stated trips and value per trip, the Orbit model provides estimates of annual benefits from 60% to 111% less than the count data model.hypothetical bias, Orbit, ordered probit model, travel cost model, recreation, stated preference, Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Financial Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Marketing, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, D12, H44, Q26, Q51,

A New Approach to Correct for Hypothetical Bias in Stated Preference Models

Many times economists are asked to estimate the demand for new consumer goods or services for which no market data exists. Typically market researchers and economists answer this challenge using surveys that ask about intended purchases (Louviere, et al. 2000) or what has become known as stated preference (SP) data. Tying this data to revealed preference (RP), or actual behavior, has been a target in a number of studies. Simplistic calibrations have been investigated in past RP-SP studies, such as Loomis, et al. 2001. This paper offers an alternative solution that allows the magnitude of the calibration correction to vary based on Klein and Sherman's (1997) Orbit procedure. This paper extends the original Orbit procedure of Klein and Sherman by Combining stated and revealed preference data on quantities and prices in the first stage, incorporating a correction for heteroskedasticity, and developing methods to calculate consumer surplus and elasticities.Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,

Growth of axons in fibre tracts of the adult central nervous system

A number of experiments have implicated white matter tracts as the site for failure of regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) (Cajal, 1928; Schwab, 1990). In order to assess the ability of adult white matter tracts to sustain and direct new axonal growth, I have used an air pressure pulse microtransplantation technique, to introduce minute volumes of suspensions of mouse embryonic neurons and glia directly into and completely enclosed within a number of different adult rat CNS tracts. Using mouse specific monoclonal markers (M6 and Thy1.2), I have observed rapid, long interfascicular axon growth from the transplants through the host white matter, aligned with tract glial and axonal elements and invading host terminal fields. These results show that adult white matter tracts are a highly permissive substrate for embryonic axonal growth. I have demonstrated that the interface between the embryonic neural microtransplants and the adult tract permits the ingrowth of adult tract axons. Injection of biotin dextran tracer into the adult fimbria of rat hosts, labelled host axons within the neuropil of hippocampal intratract microtransplants. Host innervation of the embryonic microtransplants was confirmed by transection of the host fimbrial axons, allowing electron microscopy of their degenerating synapses within the intrafimbrial grafts. To examine the ability of cut adult central nervous system axons to regenerate through an aligned but reactive adult tract glial pathway, I have designed a microlesion approach, in which a micropipette is used to cut a contingent of p75 immuno-positive adult cingulate axons. No glial scar or necrotic tissue cavity were formed at the lesion site and immunohistochemistry for GFAP (for astrocytes) and OX42 (for microglial) showed that the adult tract glial framework (Suzuki and Raisman, 1992) rapidly regained it's normal alignment. Specific upregulation of p75 immuno-reactivity in the proximal segments of the cut axons showed that regeneration of these axons through the lesion site was totally blocked, even in the absence of a glial scar

Cybernetics and organisational analysis; Towards a better understanding of Beer.' s Viable System Model

This paper describes a model - the Viable Systems Model - which purports to explain the more fundamental essence of what is required for effective organisation. The model draws on concepts from the science of cybernetics, and focusses on the fundamental objective of viability - the ability of a system to maintain a separate identity. The paper provides a description of cybernetics appropriate to the needs of those with backgrounds in management and organisational behaviour, and is intended to guide practitioners through elementary VSM analyses of real organisations and diagnosis of cybernetic weaknesses. The paper also attempts to bridge the divide which exists between the so-called 'hard' and 'soft' disciplines which strive. to extend our knowledge about organisations and improve managerial practic

Competing for a duopoly : international trade and tax competition

Oligopoly is empirically prevalent in the industries where MNEs operate and national governments compete with fiscal inducements for their FDI projects. Despite this, existing formal treatments of fiscal competition generally focus on the polar cases of perfect competition and monopoly. We consider the competition between two potential host governments to attract the investment of both firms in a duopolistic industry. Competition by identical countries for a monopoly firm's investment is known to result in a 'race to the bottom' where all rents are captured by the firm through subsidies. We demonstrate that with two firms, both are taxed in equilibrium, despite the explicit non-cooperation between governments. When countries differ in size, a single firm will be attracted to the larger market. We explore the conditions under which both firms in the duopoly co-locate and when each nation attracts a firm in equilibrium. Our results are consistent with the observed stability of effective corporate tax rates in the face of ongoing globalization, and our analysis readily generalizes to many specifications with oligopoly in the product markets

Clinical psychologists’ experiences of accessing personal therapy during training:a narrative analysis

The objectives of this study were to explore the experiences of trainee clinical psychologists who utilised therapy whilst training, and its role in their personal and professional development. Ten clinical psychologists were recruited, and asked to share their story of accessing personal therapy during training. Data were analysed using narrative analysis, which led to the development of four chapters: Chapter one explores the context of being a trainee clinical psychologist whilst experiencing therapy, including stressors encountered during training. In chapter two, participants discuss the stigma they felt in accessing personal therapy. Through chapter three, participants describe the journey of therapy itself, including difficult emotions they experienced and events such as ‘the ending’. Finally, chapter four details the personal and professional impact of their therapy journey. It is concluded that personal therapy can provide both personal and professional support to trainee clinical psychologists. However, some barriers may affect individuals seeking such support. The clinical and professional implications of these findings are discussed, in addition to recommendations for future research

Scientific Objectives, Measurement Needs, and Challenges Motivating the PARAGON Aerosol Initiative

Aerosols are involved in a complex set of processes that operate across many spatial and temporal scales. Understanding these processes, and ensuring their accurate representation in models of transport, radiation transfer, and climate, requires knowledge of aerosol physical, chemical, and optical properties and the distributions of these properties in space and time. To derive aerosol climate forcing, aerosol optical and microphysical properties and their spatial and temporal distributions, and aerosol interactions with clouds, need to be understood. Such data are also required in conjunction with size-resolved chemical composition in order to evaluate chemical transport models and to distinguish natural and anthropogenic forcing. Other basic parameters needed for modeling the radiative influences of aerosols are surface reflectivity and three-dimensional cloud fields. This large suite of parameters mandates an integrated observing and modeling system of commensurate scope. The Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON) concept, designed to meet this requirement, is motivated by the need to understand climate system sensitivity to changes in atmospheric constituents, to reduce climate model uncertainties, and to analyze diverse collections of data pertaining to aerosols. This paper highlights several challenges resulting from the complexity of the problem. Approaches for dealing with them are offered in the set of companion papers