BRIDGING THE GAP A LA LABA:EXAMPLES OF MEASUREMENT AT EUROPEAN JUNIORS' ATHLETIC CHAMPIONSHIPS THESSALONIKI '91

Introduction: History- We have been gathered the biomechanical data in athletics at the top-level competitions ( including OG,Wch,Ech etc.) since 1978 till now. The instructional films, videos and final reports were published and they achieved considerable distribution among the athletic experts, coaches and athletes as well. Philosophy- to transmit the results of our findings to the coaches and athletes as fast as possible. To gather as much as possible other available scientific information and to present them to the coaches and athletes in more “eatable” form. And so to bridge the gap between researchers, coaches and athletes. Example- that is why we attempted to help not only the best athletes coaches but to help the juniors coaches as well. Methodology- complex analysis (3D) Complete 3 D geometric and kinematic characteristics of sport technique. Simple analysis (time) –time analysis of the sprints and hurdles events. Measurement and interpretation of run-up speed at Long Jump and Triple Jump. Results- as picture. Conclusions: Analyses of the performances of juniors confirmed once again the necessity of developing sport technique during youth preparation period

KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GLIDE AND SPIN SHOT PUT TECHNIQUE

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An Assessment of the Subseasonal Predictability of Severe Thunderstorm title Environments and Activity using the Climate Forecast System Version 2

The prospect for skillful long-term predictions of atmospheric conditions known to directly contribute to the onset and maintenance of severe convective storms remains unclear. A thorough assessment of the capability for a global climate model such as the Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) to skillfully represent parameters related to severe weather has the potential to significantly improve medium- to longrange outlooks vital to risk managers. Environmental convective available potential energy (CAPE) and deep-layer vertical wind shear (DLS) can be used to distinguish an atmosphere conducive to severe storms from one supportive of primarily nonsevere ordinary convection. As such, this research concentrates on the predictability of CAPE, DLS, and a product of the two parameters (CAPEDLS) by the CFSv2 with a specific focus on the subseasonal timescale. Individual month-long verification periods from the Climate Forecast System reanalysis (CFSR) dataset are measured against a climatological standard using cumulative distribution function (CDF) and area-under-the-CDF (AUCDF) techniques designed mitigate inherent model biases while concurrently assessing the entire distribution of a given parameter in lieu of a threshold-based approach. Similar methods imposed upon the CFS reforecast (CFSRef) and operational CFSv2 allow for comparisons elucidating both spatial and temporal trends in skill using correlation coefficients, proportion correct metrics, Heidke skill score (HSS), and root-meansquare- error (RMSE) statistics. Key results show the CFSv2-based output often demonstrates skill beyond a climatologically-based threshold when the forecast is notably anomalous from the 29-year (1982-2010) mean CFSRef prediction (exceeding one standard deviation at grid point level). CFSRef analysis indicates enhanced skill during the months of April and June (relative to May) and for predictions of DLS. Furthermore, years exhibiting skill in terms of RMSE are shown to possess certain correlations with El Ni˜no-Southern Oscillation conditions from the preceding winter and concurrent Madden Julian Oscillation activity. Applying results gleaned from the CFSRef analysis to the operational CFSv2 (2011-16) indicates predictive skill can be increased by isolating forecasts meeting multiple parameter-based relationships

Surface Labelling of Gold Nanoparticles with Inorganic Lumophores and Targeting Vectors for Cell Imaging Applications

Transition metal complexes are attractive imaging probes as they offer distinctive photophysical, electrochemical and synthetic advantages over organic dyes, quantum dots and fluorescent proteins due to their high photo-stability, long luminescence lifetimes and large Stokes shifts. Gold nanoparticles have also revolutionised the design, delivery and functionality of imaging probes, being attractive scaffolds to bind luminescent complexes, targeting vectors and therapeutic substances. Previous work in the group has demonstrated that gold nanoparticles can be efficiently coated with transition metal complexes, with the resulting coated particles useful in cellular imaging. In this work, a water-soluble luminescent ruthenium complex and pH-low insertion peptides (pHLIPs) were coupled to gold nanoparticles, and these labelled-nanoparticles exhibited enhanced uptake into human cervical adenocarcinoma cells. The mechanism of pHLIP-mediated nanoparticle delivery was investigated, by conducting time and pH resolved experiments, with an interest in contrasting the benefits of two pHLIP variants as nanoparticle delivery vectors. Subsequent investigations revealed the concentration of intracellular glutathione imposed an effect on nanoparticle internalisation efficiency and the colloidal stability of labelled gold nanoparticles, and that providing gold nanoparticles with a hydrophobic lipid coating also enhanced the efficiency of nanoparticle internalisation into cells

Using Higher Moments of Fluctuations and their Ratios in the Search for the QCD Critical Point

The QCD critical point can be found in heavy ion collision experiments via the non-monotonic behavior of many fluctuation observables as a function of the collision energy. The event-by-event fluctuations of various particle multiplicities are enhanced in those collisions that freeze out near the critical point. Higher, non-Gaussian, moments of the event-by-event distributions of such observables are particularly sensitive to critical fluctuations, since their magnitude depends on the critical correlation length to a high power. We present quantitative estimates of the contribution of critical fluctuations to the third and fourth moments of the pion, proton and net proton multiplicities, as well as estimates of various measures of pion-proton correlations, all as a function of the same five non-universal parameters, one of which is the correlation length that parametrizes proximity to the critical point. We show how to use nontrivial but parameter independent ratios among these more than a dozen fluctuation observables to discover the critical point. We also construct ratios that, if the critical point is found, can be used to overconstrain the values of the non-universal parameters.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures. Version to appear in PRD. Footnote and reference adde

The wall shear rate distribution for flow in random sphere packings

The wall shear rate distribution P(gamma) is investigated for pressure-driven Stokes flow through random arrangements of spheres at packing fractions 0.1 <= phi <= 0.64. For dense packings, P(gamma) is monotonic and approximately exponential. As phi --> 0.1, P(gamma) picks up additional structure which corresponds to the flow around isolated spheres, for which an exact result can be obtained. A simple expression for the mean wall shear rate is presented, based on a force-balance argument.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, RevTeX 4; significantly revised with significantly extended scop

Historical and Current Perspectives on the Systematics of the ‘Enigmatic’ Diatom Genus Rhoicosphenia (Bacillariophyta), with Single and Multi-Molecular Marker and Morphological Analyses and Discussion on the Monophyly of ‘Monoraphid’ Diatoms

This study seeks to determine the phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Rhoicosphenia. Currently, four hypotheses based on the morphology of the siliceous valve and its various ultrastructural components, sexual reproduction, and chloroplasts have been proposed. Two previous morphological studies have tentatively placed Rhoicosphenia near members of the Achnanthidiaceae and Gomphonemataceae, and no molecular studies have been completed. The position of Rhoicosphenia as sister to &lsquo;monoraphid&rsquo; diatoms is problematic due to the apparent non-monophyly of that group, so hypotheses of &lsquo;monoraphid&rsquo; monophyly are also tested. Using an analysis of morphological and cytological features, as well as sequences from three genes, SSU, LSU, and rbcL, recovered from several freshwater Rhoicosphenia populations that have similar morphology to Rhoicosphenia abbreviata (Agardh) Lange-Bertalot, we have analyzed the phylogenetic position of Rhoicosphenia in the context of raphid diatoms. Further, we have used topology testing to determine the statistical likelihoods of these relationships. The hypothesis that Rhoicosphenia is a member of the Achnanthidiaceae cannot be rejected, while the hypothesis that it is a member of the Gomphonemataceae can be rejected. In our analyses, members of the Achnanthidiaceae are basal to Rhoicosphenia, and Rhoicosphenia is basal to the Cymbellales, or a basal member of the Cymbellales, which includes the Gomphonemataceae. Hypothesis testing rejects the monophyly of &lsquo;monoraphid&rsquo; diatoms.</p

PIK3CA mutations in advanced cancers: characteristics and outcomes.

PIK3CA mutations are frequently diagnosed in diverse cancers and may predict response to PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors. It remains unclear whether they are associated with other characteristics. We analyzed characteristics and outcome of 90 consecutive patients with diverse advanced tumors and PIK3CA mutations and 180 wild-type PIK3CA controls matched by tumor type, gender, and age referred to the Clinical Center for Targeted Therapy. PIK3CA and MAPK mutations (KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF) were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-based DNA sequencing. The most frequent PIK3CA mutations were E545K (31/90, 34%), E542K (16/90, 18%) in exon 9, and H1047R (20/90, 22%) in exon 20. PIK3CA mutations compared to wild-type PIK3CA were associated with simultaneous KRAS (p=0.047) and MAPK mutations (p=0.03), but only MAPK mutations were confirmed as having an independent association in multivariate analysis. Rates of lung, bone, liver and brain metastases were similar in PIK3CA-mutant and wild-type patients. Patients with PIK3CA mutations treated on trials with PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors had a higher partial/complete response (PR/CR) rate than wild-type PIK3CA patients treated with their best phase I therapy (10/56, 18% vs. 12/152, 8%; p=0.045), but not a prolonged progression-free survival. Patients with H1047R PIK3CA mutations had higher PR/CR rate with PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors compared to wild-type PIK3CA patients treated with their best phase I therapy (6/16, 38% vs. 12/152, 8%; p=0.003). In conclusion, PIK3CA mutations in diverse cancers were not associated with clinical characteristics, but were correlated with MAPK mutations. PIK3CA mutations, especially, H1047R, were associated with attaining a PR/CR to PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors

MOSFET dosimetry for microbeam radiation therapy at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

Preclinical experiments are carried out with ~20–30 μm wide, ~10 mm high parallel microbeams of hard, broad-‘‘white’’-spectrum x rays (~50–600 keV) to investigate microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) of brain tumors in infants for whom other kinds of radiotherapy are inadequate and/or unsafe. Novel physical microdosimetry (implemented with MOSFET chips in the ‘‘edge-on’’ mode) and Monte Carlo computer-simulated dosimetry are described here for selected points in the peak and valley regions of a microbeam-irradiated tissue-equivalent phantom. Such microbeam irradiation causes minimal damage to normal tissues, possible because of rapid repair of their microscopic lesions. Radiation damage from an array of parallel microbeams tends to correlate with the range of peak-valley dose ratios (PVDR). This paper summarizes comparisons of our dosimetric MOSFET measurements with Monte Carlo calculations. Peak doses at depths \u3c22 mm are 18% less than Monte Carlo values, whereas those depths \u3e22 mm and valley doses at all depths investigated (2 mm–62 mm) are within 2–13% of the Monte Carlo values. These results lend credence to the use of MOSFET detector systems in edge-on mode for microplanar irradiation dosimetry