The Eurozone debt crisis and the role of China. EU Centre Policy Brief Number 3, November 2011

In early November 2011, the President of the European Commission (EC) José Manuel Barroso warned of a crash that would instantly wipe out half of the value of Europe’s economy, plunging the continent into a depression as deep as the 1930s slump. The result of such an economic shock would be the emergence of extremism and divisions within Europe, the former Portuguese prime minister told his German audience. “Just as the founding fathers had a vision of Europe after two devastating world wars, we must also now act with resilience and with vision towards a Europe that is strong but open,” he said. “Now is Germany’s time to show that it is fighting the cause of a strong, integrated and competitive Europe”.1 It was a serious warning, though designed and targeted at the German audience. The problem is that it may also have been too little too late. For two years, systemic and pervasive eurozone problems have been deferred or treated with partial solutions, and time is running out. What specifically led to these very serious warnings in mid-autumn of 2011? And what would be the role of China in the rescue operations of the eurozone? This brief examines these issues by taking a broader look into the retreat of globalization in the aftermath of the global crisis of 2008 before turning its attention to the eurozone crisis. The brief then provides an overview of the evolution of the EU-China relations and considers the role and responses of China to the unfolding eurozone crisis

Spatial Confinement Causes Lifetime Enhancement and Expansion of Vortex Rings with Positive Filament Tension

We study the impact of spatial confinement on the dynamics of three-dimensional excitation vortices with circular filaments. In a chemically active medium we observe a decreased contraction of such scroll rings and even expanding ones, despite of their positive filament tension. We propose a kinematical model which takes into account the interaction of the scroll ring with a confining Neumann boundary. The model reproduces all experimentally observed regimes of ring evolution, and correctly predicts the results obtained by numerical simulations of the underlying reaction-diffusion equations

Social Memory in Athenian Public Discourse

Research Question: Lycurgus\u27 use of King Codrus as historical paradig

Payment for Egg Donation and Surrogacy

This article examines the ethics of egg donation. It begins by looking at objections to noncommercial gamete donation, and then takes up criticism of commercial egg donation. After discussing arguments based on concern for offspring, inequality, commodification, exploitation of donors, and threats to the family, I conclude that some payment to donors is ethically acceptable. Donors should not be paid for their eggs, but rather they should be compensated for the burdens of egg retrieval. Making the distinction between compensation for burdens and payment for a product has the advantages of limiting payment, not distinguishing between donors on the basis of their traits, and ensuring that donors are paid regardless of the number or quality of eggs retrieve

Moral Status, Moral Value, and Human Embryos: Implications for Stem Cell Research

Human embryonic stem cells (ES cells) are of scientific and medical interest because of their ability to develop into different tissue types and because of their ability to be propagated for many generations in laboratory culture. Grown in a laboratory, they might one day be used in the treatment of degenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. They could provide bone cells for the treatment of osteoporosis, eye cells for macular degeneration, blood cells for cancer, insulinproducing cells for diabetes, heart muscle cells for heart disease, nerve cells for spinal cord injury. The potential for benefit to so many people is a strong argument for doing—and funding—embryonic stem cell (ESC) research. Yet ESC research is very controversial because the derivation of ES cells—at least at the present time—destroys the embryo. Thus, the morality of ESC research depends primarily on the morality of destroying human embryos, raising the question of the moral status of the human embryo

Polis, Tribes and Demes as Interdependent Memory Communities

In their analysis of the Athenians’ shared image of their past as an essential element of Athenian collective identity, scholars have largely focused on polis-wide commemorative activities such as the Athenian public funeral oration for the war dead. Taking the inherent multipolarity of social memory into account, this paper examines the collective memories of two types of Athenian sub-groups, namely demes and tribes, and explores how their shared memories and the ‘official’ Athenian polis tradition mutually influenced and sustained each other in 5th- and 4th-century Athenian public discourse

Inward FDI in Finland and its policy context

From independence to the collapse of the Soviet Union, inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) in Finland was either marginal (1917-1939) or insignificant (1945-early 1990s). Throughout this period, the success of Finland's core production clusters in forestry, metal engineering, chemicals, and plastics was based on exports, not IFDI (or outward FDI). However, with the end of the Cold War and the globalization of Finnish industries (especially the mobile communications cluster) in a period of strong export-led economic growth, IFDI in Finland took off rapidly from the mid-1990s. This period of growth came to an end with the global crisis of 2008-2009. In 2009, the Finnish economy shrank roughly by 8%, the sharpest plunge since the country's civil war in 1918. The recovery since 2010 has been relatively strong in comparison to that in most European Union (EU) economies, but Finland remains vulnerable to the Eurozone crisis. Today, IFDI is seen as an untapped resource, and the Finnish Government hopes to develop an IFDI promotion strategy in cooperation with the private sector and integrated with the national innovation system